Effects of intensive physical conditioning on cardiovascular parameters of high-level athletes

1986 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
T. Herman ◽  
M. Rousseau ◽  
C. Brohet
Keyword(s):  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Cardiovascular Parameters ◽  
High Level

Biological Changes Induced by Physical Activity in Individuals with Down’s Syndrome

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Eberhard ◽  
Jacqueline Eterradossi ◽  
Bettina Debû
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Peak Exercise ◽  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Level

The effects of exercise and of a physical conditioning program on 11 subjects (7 males, 4 females, aged 15 to 20) with Down’s syndrome (DS) were analyzed. Metabolic responses were evaluated before and after two ergometric cycle exercise tests: an incremental exercise to symptom limited VO2 max. and an endurance test performed at 60% of maximal aerobic power. Plasma substrates, electrolytes, catecholamines, lipoprotein lipid profiles, and superoxide dismutase were assayed immediately before and after these tests. The results indicated (a) a low blood lactate level for peak exercise, (b) slow free fatty acid mobilization at the start of exercise, (c) a low level of cholesterol HDL and a high level of pre-beta VLDL at rest, (d) adjustment to nearly normal lipid profiles with endurance activity, and (e) differences between before and after training for superoxide dismutase levels in subjects with DS. These results suggest that endurance training could have long-term effects on the pathophysiological consequences of DS.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF SNATCH TECHNIQUE IN HIGH LEVEL WEIGHTLIFTERS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (97) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly Shalmanov ◽  
Vitaly Skotnikov ◽  
Elena Lukunina ◽  
Janis Lanka
Keyword(s):  
Video Camera ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Program Complex ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Absolute Power ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Specialized Hardware ◽  
High Level

Background. Rich theoretical and experimental evidence on the biomechanics of weightlifting exercises has currently been collected (Bauman, Gross, & Quade, 1988; Garhammer, 1991; Gourgoulis, Aggelousis, & Mavromatis, 2000; Isaka, Okada, & Funato, 1996; Шалманов, Скотников, & Панин, 2012). Most of the studies were mainly carried out in laboratory settings, with long-term treatment of the obtained data. In recent years, scientists’ interest has shifted to the study and evaluation of the technical mastery of athletes in the setting of the highest level competition, in the extreme conditions of sport fight. This was facilitated by the development of specialized hardware and program sets (Шалманов & Скотников, 2013; Шалманов, Скотников & Ланка, 2013), opening the possibility for biomechanical control of athletes technical and speed-strength fitness both during the technical training process and competition. One of the ways of evaluating the effectiveness of techniques is based on the idea of using motor capacity by an athlete, which is called efficiency of realization. Methods. To register the trajectory of the bar and calculate kinematic and dynamic parameters of its movement a specialized hardware-program complex (APC) has been developed. In the APC, a photo-video camera “Canon” is included; a marker is fixed on the end of the bar as well as a computer with software. Recording was carried out during major competitions (Cup of Russia, the Russian Championship, and the XХVII World Summer Universiade) in 2012–2014. The total number of athletes surveyed was 331 people (184 men, 147 women). The paper presents the results obtained in the snatch in men. Results. The regularities in the change of kinematic and dynamic bar movement parameter with an increase in weight category and sport result were determined. The main indicator determining sports result in a classic snatch was the absolute maximum power developed by the athlete during acceleration of the bar in the final phase of its lifting: r = .75, p < .001. The indicator of absolute power is the most informative to assess the level of athlete speed- strength fitness, realized due to the efficiency of sports technique and prediction of sports result. Conclusions. The regression equation between the result in the snatch and the maximum absolute power in the final acceleration of the bar give a possibility to evaluate the technique of the effectiveness of each athlete: if it is better or worse than the average one and to what extent. This analysis gave one more possibility – to compare the set up performance with the performance that the athlete, taking into account their level of physical conditioning (maximal power), would achieve if they improve their technique.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF HIGH-SPEEDRUNNING AND SPRINT RUNNING IN ELITE FEMALE FOOTBALL COMPETITIONS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oana-Ruxandra Stîncel ◽  
Cristian Lazăr ◽  
Vlad Nicoară ◽  
Mihaela Oravițan
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Sprint Running ◽  
High Level

Introduction: Although football is recognized as the fastest growing sport globally, scientific literature on female footballis still limited. Available published data in understanding the physical demands of female football players have described the necessity of a high level of physical conditioning during matches with average heart rates of 84-86% maximum heart rate and an average of 9.1-11.9 km in total distance covered in the running. The most commonly utilized physical performance measures reported are high-speed running (19km/h-23km/h) and sprinting (>23 km/h). A better understanding of football's physical, technical and tactical demands has resulted from investigations of both training and matches by wearing a global positioning system unit.Objective: This study aimed to assess the running speed and the proportions of different types of running during official competitions in elite female football players.Material and Method: A total of 22 female players (16 seniors and six juniors) that are part of a Romanian First League female football team -Politehnica Timisoara, have been monitored for running speed and covered distance in 6 official matches, which represent a quarter of the championship period. The assessment period was ten weeks (August-October 2021). The monitored parameters (total distance, distance/minute, low speed running, high speed running, sprint running, and maximum speed) wereobtained using K-Sport GPS with a high sampling rate of 50 Hz.Results: During the six analyzed matches the following average values were found: total covered distance -7906.33 ± 1176.68 m, distance/minute -90.83 ± 3.72 m/min, low-speed running distance-7598.50 ± 1102.16 m, high-speed running distance -308 ± 101.31 m, sprint running distance -69.50 ± 28.54 m, and maximum speed -25.13 ± 0.84 km/h.Conclusion: Regarding the monitored parameters (total distance, average speed, proportion of different speed running, maximum speed), we observed a constancy between different matches. During female football matches, high-speed running and sprinting covered 4.77% of the total distance. Based on this data, a future training objective would be the enhancement of this percentage in order to optimize the key moments of the matches.

Transcription factor/DNA interactions visualized by electron spectroscopic imaging

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 450-451
Author(s):  
David P. Bazett-Jones ◽  
Mark L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Spectroscopic Imaging ◽  
Electron Spectroscopic Imaging ◽  
Dna Backbone ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
High Level

A multisubunit RNA polymerase enzyme is ultimately responsible for transcription initiation and elongation of RNA, but recognition of the proper start site by the enzyme is regulated by general, temporal and gene-specific trans-factors interacting at promoter and enhancer DNA sequences. To understand the molecular mechanisms which precisely regulate the transcription initiation event, it is crucial to elucidate the structure of the transcription factor/DNA complexes involved. Electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI) provides the opportunity to visualize individual DNA molecules. Enhancement of DNA contrast with ESI is accomplished by imaging with electrons that have interacted with inner shell electrons of phosphorus in the DNA backbone. Phosphorus detection at this intermediately high level of resolution (≈lnm) permits selective imaging of the DNA, to determine whether the protein factors compact, bend or wrap the DNA. Simultaneously, mass analysis and phosphorus content can be measured quantitatively, using adjacent DNA or tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) as mass and phosphorus standards. These two parameters provide stoichiometric information relating the ratios of protein:DNA content.

Advances in Stem Instrumentation for Biology

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 362-363
Author(s):  
J. S. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Material Deposition ◽  
Active User ◽  
Percent Improvement ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Film Substrate ◽  
High Level

The forte of the Scanning transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) is high resolution imaging with high contrast on thin specimens, as demonstrated by visualization of single heavy atoms. of equal importance for biology is the efficient utilization of all available signals, permitting low dose imaging of unstained single molecules such as DNA.Our work at Brookhaven has concentrated on: 1) design and construction of instruments optimized for a narrow range of biological applications and 2) use of such instruments in a very active user/collaborator program. Therefore our program is highly interactive with a strong emphasis on producing results which are interpretable with a high level of confidence.The major challenge we face at the moment is specimen preparation. The resolution of the STEM is better than 2.5 A, but measurements of resolution vs. dose level off at a resolution of 20 A at a dose of 10 el/A2 on a well-behaved biological specimen such as TMV (tobacco mosaic virus). To track down this problem we are examining all aspects of specimen preparation: purification of biological material, deposition on the thin film substrate, washing, fast freezing and freeze drying. As we attempt to improve our equipment/technique, we use image analysis of TMV internal controls included in all STEM samples as a monitor sensitive enough to detect even a few percent improvement. For delicate specimens, carbon films can be very harsh-leading to disruption of the sample. Therefore we are developing conducting polymer films as alternative substrates, as described elsewhere in these Proceedings. For specimen preparation studies, we have identified (from our user/collaborator program ) a variety of “canary” specimens, each uniquely sensitive to one particular aspect of sample preparation, so we can attempt to separate the variables involved.

A Questionnaire Survey of Current Rehabilitation Practices for Adults With Normal Hearing Sensitivity Who Experience Auditory Difficulties

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-761
Author(s):  
Tess K. Koerner ◽  
Melissa A. Papesh ◽  
Frederick J. Gallun
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Considerable Benefit ◽  
High Level

Purpose A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information from clinical audiologists about rehabilitation options for adult patients who report significant auditory difficulties despite having normal or near-normal hearing sensitivity. This work aimed to provide more information about what audiologists are currently doing in the clinic to manage auditory difficulties in this patient population and their views on the efficacy of recommended rehabilitation methods. Method A questionnaire survey containing multiple-choice and open-ended questions was developed and disseminated online. Invitations to participate were delivered via e-mail listservs and through business cards provided at annual audiology conferences. All responses were anonymous at the time of data collection. Results Responses were collected from 209 participants. The majority of participants reported seeing at least one normal-hearing patient per month who reported significant communication difficulties. However, few respondents indicated that their location had specific protocols for the treatment of these patients. Counseling was reported as the most frequent rehabilitation method, but results revealed that audiologists across various work settings are also successfully starting to fit patients with mild-gain hearing aids. Responses indicated that patient compliance with computer-based auditory training methods was regarded as low, with patients generally preferring device-based rehabilitation options. Conclusions Results from this questionnaire survey strongly suggest that audiologists frequently see normal-hearing patients who report auditory difficulties, but that few clinicians are equipped with established protocols for diagnosis and management. While many feel that mild-gain hearing aids provide considerable benefit for these patients, very little research has been conducted to date to support the use of hearing aids or other rehabilitation options for this unique patient population. This study reveals the critical need for additional research to establish evidence-based practice guidelines that will empower clinicians to provide a high level of clinical care and effective rehabilitation strategies to these patients.

805: High-Level Cyclin D1 is Associated with High Gleason Grade and Predicts Worse Biochemical-Free Survival in Prostate Cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 260-260
Author(s):  
Rile Li ◽  
Hong Dai ◽  
Thomas M. Wheeler ◽  
Anna Frolov ◽  
Gustavo Ayala
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Gleason Grade ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
High Level
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document