Means of preventing nitrate accumulation in vegetable and pasture plants

1986 ◽  
pp. 455-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Van Diest
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Pasture Plants

USE OF CELL AND MOLECULAR GENETIC MANIPULATION TO IMPROVE PASTURE PLANTS

1988 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
D.W.R. White
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pasture Plants

Cell culture and genetic engineering techniques can be used to develop improved pasture plants. To utilise these methods we have developed procedures for regenerating plants from tissue cultures of perennial ryegrass and white clover. In both, the plant genotype influences regeneration capacity. There was significant genetic variation among regenerated perennial ryegrass plants in a wide range of characteristics. Most of the regenerants were resIstant to crown rust and this trait was highly heritable. This rust resistance is being used to breed a new ryegrass cultivar. A system for introducing cloned genes into white clover is described. This capability is bemg used to incorporate genes with the potential to improve nutritional quality and pest resistance. Other possibilities for engineering genetic improvements in white clover, genes conferring herbicide tolerance and resistance to white clover mosaic virus, are briefly outlined. Keywords: Lolium perenne, Trifolium repens, cell culture, somaclonal variation, crown rust resistance, transformation, cloned genes, nutritional quality, proteinase inhibitors, Bt toxins, pest resistance, WCMV viral cross-protection, herbicide tolerance, Agrobacterium, Bacillus thuringenisis.

FEATURES OF SALTS MIGRATION IN DELTAIC ECOSYSTEMS

1970 ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
М. I. Dzhalalova ◽  
P. А. Abdurashidova ◽  
R. М. Zagidova
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Groundwater Salinity ◽  
Salt Composition ◽  
Material Resource ◽  
Aboveground Phytomass ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Material Energy ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Pasture Plants ◽  
Salinity Seawater

The coastal strip of the northwestern Caspian is characterized by hydromorphism and salinization processes which depending on the Caspian piled-up water, groundwater salinity, seawater, and salt composition of the underlying rocks. The migrational salts capability in deltoic ecosystem components in dynamic over the main representatives of pasture plants occurring in the Western Caspian and playing an important role in developing the theoretical foundations of a system of measures to increase the productivity of cover crop have studied. Salts migration from soil layers into plants which taking place in synthesis of material-energy and material resource of environment is one of the chains of bio-substrat links. The research results confirm the data that the ash elements stock in the ephemeral-absinthial group varies from 21.5 to 64.5 kg per 1 ha. The organogens prevail in them – 944 kg / ha, K is dominant, then Ca and Mg. The amount of halogens is 7.05 kg / ha, of which Cl portion includes 3.31 and Na – 2.80 kg / ha. In the ephemeral-absinthial group cenoses rather high values of aboveground phytomass are up to 50 centners / ha and the supply of ash elements (halogens 32.14 and organogens 36.18 mg-eq) is much higher compared to their content in soil (7.05 and 6, 31 mg-eq). In roots difference in quantity of organogens and halogens is insignificant – 2.03 and 2.04 mg-eq. We associate such differences with a greater proportion of absinthial in the aboveground phytomass composition

scholarly journals EC Sensitivity of Hydroponically-Grown Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Types in Terms of Nitrate Accumulation

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Noémi Kappel ◽  
Ildikó Fruzsina Boros ◽  
Francia Seconde Ravelombola ◽  
László Sipos
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Saline Condition ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Nitrate Level ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Hydroponically Grown ◽  
European Markets

The goal of this research was to investigate the effect of electrical conductivity (EC) levels of the nutrient solution on the fresh weight, chlorophyll, and nitrate content of hydroponic-system-grown lettuce. The selected cultivars are the most representative commercial varieties grown for European markets. Seven cultivars (‘Sintia,’ ‘Limeira,’ ‘Corentine,’ ‘Cencibel,’ ‘Kiber,’ ‘Attiraï,’ and ‘Rouxaï’) of three Lactuca sativa L. types’ (butterhead, loose leaf, and oak leaf) were grown in a phytotron in rockwool, meanwhile the EC level of the nutrient solutions were different: normal (<1.3 dS/m) and high (10 dS/m). The plants in the saline condition had a lower yield but elevated chlorophyll content and nitrate level, although the ‘Limeira’ and ‘Cencibel’ cultivars had reduced nitrate levels. The results and the special characteristic of the lollo-type cultivars showed that the nitrate level could be very different due to salinity (‘Limeira’ had the lowest (684 µg/g fresh weight (FW)) and ‘Cencibel’ had the highest (4396 µg/g FW)). There was a moderately strong negative correlation (−0.542) in the reverse ratio among the chlorophyll and nitrate contents in plants treated with a normal EC value, while this relationship was not shown in the saline condition. Under the saline condition, cultivars acted differently, and all examined cultivars stayed under the permitted total nitrate level (5000 µg/g FW).

scholarly journals Root-Applied Glycinebetaine Decreases Nitrate Accumulation and Improves Quality in Hydroponically Grown Lettuce

2021 ◽  
pp. 130558
Author(s):  
Kari Jokinen ◽  
Anna-Kaisa Salovaara ◽  
Daniel O. Wasonga ◽  
Minnamari Edelmann ◽  
Ilkka Simpura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Hydroponically Grown

Massive atmospheric nitrate accumulation in a continental interior desert, northwestern China

Geology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 623-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Qin ◽  
Yanhe Li ◽  
Huiming Bao ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Kejun Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northwestern China ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Atmospheric Nitrate ◽  
Continental Interior

Effects of potassium and sodium application to soil on growth and cation accumulation of herbage

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
GN Mundy
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Equivalent Amount ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
K Uptake ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Pasture Plants

The effects of potassium (K) and sodium (Na) applications to soil on growth and cation accumulation of herbage were investigated in pot and field experiments. The application of K to K-deficient soil was more efficient at increasing growth than was the application of Na; however, at suboptimal K availability, yield was increased by Na application. Growth responses to Na were restricted when the soil contained insufficient K to satisfy the minimum K requirement of pasture plants. The Na concentration of herbage was markedly reduced by K applications, whereas Na had little effect on K uptake. It was found that an application of Na to soil containing a low level of Na raised the Na concentration of herbage sufficiently to satisfy animal needs. Both K and Na reduced the calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) concentration of herbage, although Na was less inhibitive than an equivalent amount of K. The decline in Ca and Mg in plant tissue with increasing concentrations of soil K and Na was exponential and, as the decline approached the asymptotic concentration, further increases in soil K and Na had only a small effect on Ca and Mg uptake. The implications of these findings are discussed.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE MOLYBDENUM CONTENT OF PASTURE PLANTS

Soil Science ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISAAC BARSHAD
Keyword(s):  
Molybdenum Content ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pasture Plants
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