Spectroscopic Measurements with MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding)

2001 ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Michelson Interferometer ◽  
Spectroscopic Measurements ◽  
Atmospheric Sounding

scholarly journals An “island” in the stratosphere – on the enhanced annual variation of water vapour in the middle and upper stratosphere in the southern tropics and subtropics

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 11521-11539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Lossow ◽  
Hella Garny ◽  
Patrick Jöckel
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Trace Gases ◽  
Michelson Interferometer ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
European Centre ◽  
Atmospheric Sounding ◽  
Medium Range

Abstract. The amplitude of the annual variation in water vapour exhibits a distinct isolated maximum in the middle and upper stratosphere in the southern tropics and subtropics, peaking typically around 15° S in latitude and close to 3 hPa (∼  40.5 km) in altitude. This enhanced annual variation is primarily related to the Brewer–Dobson circulation and hence also visible in other trace gases. So far this feature has not gained much attention in the literature and the present work aims to add more prominence. Using Envisat/MIPAS (Environmental Satellite/Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) observations and ECHAM/MESSy (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Hamburg/Modular Earth Submodel System) Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) simulations we provide a dedicated illustration and a full account of the reasons for this enhanced annual variation.

scholarly journals Analysis of new species retrieved from MIPAS

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaomin Cai ◽  
Anu Dudhia
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
New Species ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Trace Gases ◽  
Michelson Interferometer ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectrometer ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
The Third ◽  
Atmospheric Sounding

The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) instrument which operated on the Envisat satellite from 2002-2012 is a Fourier transform spectrometer for the measurement of high-resolution gaseous emission spectra at the Earth's limb. It operates in the near- to mid-infrared, where many of the main atmospheric trace gases have important emission features. The initial operational products were profiles of Temperature, H2O, O3, CH4, N2O, HNO3, and NO2, and this list was recently extended to include N2O5, ClONO2, CFC-11 and CFC-12. Here we present preliminary results of retrievals of the third set of species under consideration for inclusion in the operational processor: HCN, CF4, HCFC-22, COF2 and CCl4.

scholarly journals Bias determination and precision validation of ozone profiles from MIPAS-Envisat retrieved with the IMK-IAA processor

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 3639-3662 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Steck ◽  
T. von Clarmann ◽  
H. Fischer ◽  
B. Funke ◽  
N. Glatthor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Michelson Interferometer ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Vapor Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Sounding ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Microwave Radiometers ◽  
Vertical Ozone ◽  
Vertical Ozone Profiles ◽  
Polar Ozone

Abstract. This paper characterizes vertical ozone profiles retrieved with the IMK-IAA (Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe – Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia) science-oriented processor from high spectral resolution data (until March 2004) measured by the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) aboard the environmental satellite Envisat. Bias determination and precision validation is performed on the basis of correlative measurements by ground-based lidars, Fourier transform infrared spectrometers, and microwave radiometers as well as balloon-borne ozonesondes, the balloon-borne version of MIPAS, and two satellite instruments (Halogen Occultation Experiment and Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement III). Percentage mean differences between MIPAS and the comparison instruments for stratospheric ozone are generally within ±10%. The precision in this altitude region is estimated at values between 5 and 10% which gives an accuracy of 15 to 20%. Below 18 km, the spread of the percentage mean differences is larger and the precision degrades to values of more than 20% depending on altitude and latitude. The main reason for the degraded precision at low altitudes is attributed to undetected thin clouds which affect MIPAS retrievals, and to the influence of uncertainties in the water vapor concentration.

scholarly journals HCl and ClO in activated Arctic air; first retrieved vertical profiles from TELIS submillimetre limb spectra

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. de Lange ◽  
M. Birk ◽  
G. de Lange ◽  
F. Friedl-Vallon ◽  
O. Kiselev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Michelson Interferometer ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Altitude Range ◽  
Balloon Flight ◽  
Total Uncertainty ◽  
Atmospheric Sounding ◽  
Systematic Effects ◽  
Equilibrium Profile ◽  
Peak Value

Abstract. The first profile retrieval results of the Terahertz and submillimeter Limb Sounder (TELIS) balloon instrument are presented. The spectra are recorded during a 13-h balloon flight on 24 January 2010 from Kiruna, Sweden. The TELIS instrument was mounted on the MIPAS-B2 gondola and shared this platform with the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) and the mini-Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (mini-DOAS) instruments. The flight took place within the Arctic vortex at an altitude of ≈34 km in chlorine activated air, and both active (ClO) and inactive chlorine (HCl) were measured over an altitude range of respectively ≈16–32 km and ≈10–32 km. In this altitude range, the increase of ClO concentration levels during sunrise has been recorded with a temporal resolution of one minute. During the daytime equilibrium, a maximum ClO level of 2.1 ± 0.3 ppbv has been observed at an altitude of 23.5 km. This equilibrium profile is validated against the ClO profile by the satellite instrument Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) aboard EOS Aura. HCl profiles have been determined from two different isotopes – H35Cl and H37Cl – and are also validated against MLS. The precision of all profiles is well below 0.01 ppbv and the overall accuracy is therefore governed by systematic effects. The total uncertainty of these effects is estimated to be maximal 0.3 ppbv for ClO around its peak value at 23.5 km during the daytime equilibrium, and for HCl it ranges from 0.05 to 0.4 ppbv, depending on altitude. In both cases the main uncertainty stems from a largely unknown non-linear response in the detector.

The ozone climate change initiative: Comparison of four Level-2 processors for the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS)

2015 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 316-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Laeng ◽  
D. Hubert ◽  
T. Verhoelst ◽  
T. von Clarmann ◽  
B.M. Dinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Michelson Interferometer ◽  
Change Initiative ◽  
Atmospheric Sounding ◽  
Level 2

scholarly journals A non-iterative linear retrieval for infrared high resolution limb sounders

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 721-766
Author(s):  
L. Millán ◽  
A. Dudhia
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Michelson Interferometer ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Spectral Signature ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Sounding ◽  
Retrieval Scheme

Abstract. Currently most of the high spectral resolution infrared limb sounders use subsets of the recorded spectra (microwindows) in their retrieval schemes to reduce the computing time of rerunning the radiative transfer model. A fast linear retrieval scheme is described which allows the whole spectral signature of the target molecule to be used. We determine how close the linearisation point needs to be to the solution in order to fall in the linear regime and also suggest an adjustment to the forward model and Jacobians to propagate the change in pressure and temperature on the gas concentration retrievals. As an example, this technique is implemented for the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding instrument, but it is applicable to any high resolution limb sounder.

scholarly journals Precision validation of MIPAS-Envisat products

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 911-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Piccolo ◽  
A. Dudhia
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Michelson Interferometer ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Retrieval Process ◽  
Full Resolution ◽  
Atmospheric Sounding ◽  
Horizontal Inhomogeneity ◽  
Temperature Retrieval ◽  
Level 2

Abstract. This paper discusses the variation and validation of the precision, or estimated random error, associated with the ESA Level 2 products from the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS). This quantity represents the propagation of the radiometric noise from the spectra through the retrieval process into the Level 2 profile values. The noise itself varies with time, steadily rising between decontamination events, but the Level 2 precision has a greater variation due to the atmospheric temperature which controls the total radiance received. Hence, for all species, the precision varies latitudinally/seasonally with temperature, with a small superimposed temporal structure determined by the degree of ice contamination on the detectors. The precision validation involves comparing two MIPAS retrievals at the intersections of ascending/descending orbits. For 5 days per month of full resolution MIPAS operation, the standard deviation of the matching profile pairs is computed and compared with the precision given in the MIPAS Level 2 data. Even taking into account the propagation of the pressure-temperature retrieval errors into the VMR retrieval, the standard deviation of the matching pairs is usually a factor 1–2 larger than the precision. This is thought to be due to effects such as horizontal inhomogeneity of the atmosphere and instability of the retrieval.

scholarly journals An observation-based climatology of middle atmospheric meridional circulation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas von Clarmann ◽  
Udo Grabowski ◽  
Gabriele P. Stiller ◽  
Beatriz M. Monge-Sanz ◽  
Norbert Glatthor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meridional Circulation ◽  
Trace Gases ◽  
Michelson Interferometer ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Direct Inversion ◽  
Deep Branch ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Atmospheric Sounding ◽  
Stratospheric Circulation

Abstract. Measurements of long-lived trace gases (SF6, CFC-11, CFC-12, HCFC-12, CCl4, N2O, CH4, H2O, and CO) performed with the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) have been used to infer the stratospheric and mesospheric meridional circulation. The MIPAS data set covers the time period from July 2002 to April 2012. The method used for this purpose was the direct inversion of the two-dimensional continuity equation. Monthly climatologies of circulation fields are presented along with their variabilities. Stratospheric circulation is found to be highly variable over the year, with a quite robust annual cycle. The new method allows to track the evolution of various circulation patterns over the year in more detail than before.The deep branch of the Brewer-Dobson circulation and the mesospheric overturning pole-to-pole circulation are no separate but intertwined phenomena. The latitude of stratospheric uplift in the middle and upper stratosphere is found to be quite variable and is not always found at tropical latitudes. The usual schematic of stratospheric circulation with the deep and the shallow branch of the Brewer-Dobson circulation and the mesospheric overturning circulation is an idealization which best describes the observed atmosphere around Equinox. Sudden stratospheric warmings cause increased year-to year variability.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document