Tied to the Family and Bound to the Labor Market: Understanding Chinese Student Mobility in Japan

2014 ◽  
pp. 185-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gracia Liu-Farrer
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Student Mobility ◽  
Chinese Student ◽  
The Family

A Danish Poverty Line? Poverty Judgements by Students of Social Work, Pedagogy and Health Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-147
Author(s):  
Merete Monrad ◽  
Morten Ejrnæs ◽  
Tine Fuglsang
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Factorial Survey ◽  
Labor Market Participation ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Life Situation ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
The Family

AbstractWhen is a family poor? We examine what factors are emphasized when people judge whether a family is poor or not. The article is based on a factorial survey with 356 respondents who study social work, nursing, nursery teaching, nutrition and health. Based on theories of poverty, we study what aspects of a family’s life situation are accentuated when people judge whether the family is poor or not. The respondents primarily emphasize income in their poverty judgements. Some deprivations also enter into the judgements, while the duration of deprivations, gender and labor market participation have no or minimal significance for the judgements.

scholarly journals How Robust are Estimates of Intergenerational Income Mobility?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Engzell ◽  
Carina Mood
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Income Mobility ◽  
Model Choice ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Intergenerational Income Mobility ◽  
The Family ◽  
Women's Earnings ◽  
Rich Countries ◽  
Swedish Data

Rising inequalities in rich countries have led to concerns that the economic ladder is getting harder to climb. It is well established that intergenerational income mobility is lower in countries with high inequality, but research on trends in mobility finds conflicting results. Motivated by this uncertainty, we ask: how important are choices of specification for levels and trends in intergenerational income associations? We use Swedish data on cohorts born 1958–1977 and their parents. Varying how, when and for whom income is measured, we estimate 1,658,880 different associations (82,944 specifications across 20 cohorts). Our results reveal that model choice is an underrecognized source of variation in intergenerational mobility research. The most consistent contributor to trends is the advancement of women in the labor market, which leads to increased persistence in women’s earnings and the family income of both men and women. Depending on specification, it is possible to conclude that income mobility is increasing, decreasing, or remaining flat. Despite variability, our results are broadly consistent with the received view that the level of mobility in Sweden is high in a comparative perspective.

scholarly journals The Role of the Family in Immigrants' Labor-Market Activity: Evidence from the United States

10.3386/w9051 ◽  
2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francine Blau ◽  
Lawrence Kahn ◽  
Joan Moriarty ◽  
Andre Portela Souza
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Market Activity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Labor Market Activity

Student Mobility in Portugal

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Sin ◽  
Orlanda Tavares ◽  
Guy Neave
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Student Mobility ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
Important Constraint ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Portuguese Higher Education

The article examines how far the key Bologna objective of student mobility has been achieved in Portuguese higher education institutions and the main factors shaping it. It analyzes credit mobility, outgoing and incoming, between Portugal and Europe. Although mobility overall has risen, incoming mobility has grown faster, making Portugal an importer country. Portugal’s attraction power is explained mainly by its location, climate, and leisure opportunities. For outgoing mobility, employability is the main driver, explained by high unemployment and an uncertain home labor market. The main obstacle is financial, so country choice is increasingly based on proximity and living costs. Another important constraint is curricular inflexibility of Portuguese higher education institutions. The findings suggest that mobility in Portugal is far from reflecting Bologna’s policy goals, making the 2020 mobility target of 20% an ideal rather than an achievement.

scholarly journals Work, Gender, and Immiseration in South Africa and India

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirisha C. Naidu ◽  
Lyn Ossome
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
The State ◽  
Growth Path ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Family Household ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Reproduction System ◽  
The Family

In this paper, we broaden Marx’s immiseration thesis to articulate social reproduction under capitalist growth. Specifically, we compare the female labor market in the context of the wage economy, the family-household, and the state, three institutions that influence the production-reproduction system. Our observations lead us to conclude that the neoliberal growth path has exacerbated inequities in the opportunities for female workers in both countries. Our findings affirm both the differentiation and homogenization of conditions of reproduction under capitalist exploitation.

scholarly journals Brothers and Sisters in the Family and the Labor Market

10.3386/w1476 ◽  
1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bound ◽  
Zvi Griliches ◽  
Bronwyn Hall
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
The Family ◽  
Brothers And Sisters

Women in the Labor Market and in the Family

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P Smith ◽  
Michael Ward
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Conventional Wisdom ◽  
American Family ◽  
Feminization Of Poverty ◽  
The Family ◽  
Women's Wages

There are two themes in this paper. First, we argue that the conventional wisdom of an absence of any substantial labor market progress for women is mistaken. Instead, throughout this century, women's wages have been steadily rising relative to those of men, a progress likely to accelerate in the next few decades. Second, we contend that this labor market progress is not enough. Alongside their labor market advances, the relative economic plight of many women is worsening. The downside news is the increasing feminization of poverty, a reflection of the growing instability of the American family.

Work in the Family and in the Labor Market: A Cross-National, Reciprocal Analysis

1990 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne L. Kalleberg ◽  
Rachel A. Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cross National

scholarly journals Brothers increase women’s gender conformity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Ardila Brenøe
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Sex Composition ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Conformity ◽  
The Family

AbstractI examine how one central aspect of the family environment—sibling sex composition—affects women’s gender conformity. Using Danish administrative data, I causally estimate the effect of having a second-born brother relative to a sister for first-born women. I show that women with a brother acquire more traditional gender roles as measured through their choice of occupation and partner. This results in a stronger response to motherhood in labor market outcomes. As a relevant mechanism, I provide evidence of increased gender-specialized parenting in families with mixed-sex children. Finally, I find persistent effects on the next generation of girls.

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