Perpendicular Glue Line Dowel-Bearing Strength Properties of Mengkulang Glulam

InCIEC 2015 ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 807-817
Author(s):  
Nor Jihan Abd Malek ◽  
Rohana Hassan ◽  
Adrian Loh Wai Yong ◽  
Haslin Idayu Amaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Strength Properties ◽  
Glue Line ◽  
Bearing Strength

Dowel-Bearing Strength Properties of Glulam with and Without Glue Line Made of Mengkulang Species

InCIEC 2015 ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 725-734
Author(s):  
Nurul Atikah Binti Seri ◽  
Mohamad Faizal Bin Nurddin ◽  
Rohana Binti Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Strength Properties ◽  
Glue Line ◽  
Bearing Strength

Dowel-Bearing Strength Properties of Two Tropical Hardwoods

InCIEC 2013 ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohana Hassan ◽  
Azmi Ibrahim ◽  
Zakiah Ahmad ◽  
Marina Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Strength Properties ◽  
Bearing Strength

ALCAN 7449 T6511, T79511

Alloy Digest ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Data Sheet ◽  
Bearing Strength ◽  
Zr Alloy

Abstract Alcan 7449 is an Al-Mg-Zn-Cu-Zr alloy, developed to provide higher-strength properties than incumbent 7175 and 7150 alloys. This data sheet covers the Alcan alloy 7449 in the forms of thick extrusions and extruded bars. Tempers are presented that show improvement over both 7150 and 7175 aluminum alloys. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties and bearing strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming and heat treating. Filing Code: AL-403. Producer or source: Alcan Inc.

scholarly journals Influence of technological cracks of peeled vener on the shear strength of ultralam bars

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 09010
Author(s):  
Stefania Mironova
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Adhesive Layer ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Glue Line ◽  
Adhesive Material ◽  
Laminated Veneer Lumber ◽  
Peeling Process ◽  
Veneer Surface

The aim of the research is to study the shear strength of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) when working on shear in four different planes. To determine the influence of the presence of technological cracks formed in the peeling process, an experiment was carried out for which four types of samples were used. The load was applied parallel and perpendicular to the glue line and the direction of the peeled veneer fibers. As tests have shown, the technological weakening of peeled veneer reduces the strength properties of a multilayer glued veneer bar, especially for shear along the glue lines and perpendicular to the direction of the peeled veneer fibers, where the maximum number of microcracks is located. The analysis of these microcracks is carried out and their widths are determined. The width of the studied cracks was from 152 to 94 μm. There is no adhesive layer in the microcracks of this building material, which may indicate insufficient wetting of the veneer surface with the adhesive material, or the difficulty of penetration of high-molecular phenol-formaldehyde glue into the cavity of microcracks.

SEM Study of Tension Wood Fiber Morphology and its Effect on Paper Properties

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 308-309
Author(s):  
K. W. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Tension Wood ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Fiber Morphology ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Pure Cellulose ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Hardwood Trees ◽  
Sem Study

Tension wood (TW) is an abnormal tissue of hardwood trees; although it has been isolated from most parts of the tree, it is frequently found on the upper side of branches and leaning stems. TW has been classically associated with geotropic alignment, but more recently it has been associated with fast growth. Paper made from TW is generally lower in strength properties. Consequently, the paper industries' growing dependence on fast growing, short- rotation trees will result in higher amounts of TW in the final product and a corresponding reduction in strength.Relatively few studies have dealt with the role of TW in the structure of paper. It was suggested that the lower strength properties of TW were due to a combination of factors, namely, its unique morphology, compression failures in the cell wall, and lower hemicellulose content. Central to the unique morphology of the TW fiber is the thick gelatinous layer (G-layer) composed almost entirely of pure cellulose.

Co-cooking nonwoods with hardwoods

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
TROY RUNGE ◽  
CHUNHUI ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Xylan Content

Agricultural residues and energy crops are promising resources that can be utilized in the pulp and paper industry. This study examines the potential of co-cooking nonwood materials with hardwoods as means to incorporate nonwood material into a paper furnish. Specifically, miscanthus, switchgrass, and corn stover were substituted for poplar hardwood chips in the amounts of 10 wt %, 20 wt %, and 30 wt %, and the blends were subjected to kraft pulping experiments. The pulps were then bleached with an OD(EP)D sequence and then refined and formed into handsheets to characterize their physical properties. Surprisingly, all three co-cooked pulps showed improved strength properties (up to 35%). Sugar measurement of the pulps by high-performance liquid chromatography suggested that the strength increase correlated with enriched xylan content.

Chemical, anatomical, and technology aspects of Eucalyptus benthamii and Eucalyptus dunii for use in an integrated pulp and paper mill

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
GISELY SAMISTRARO ◽  
PETER W. HART ◽  
JORGE LUIZ COLODETTE ◽  
RICARDO PAIM
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Kappa Number ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Physical Strength

Eucalyptus dunii has been commercially used in southern Brazil because of its relatively good frost tolerance and adequate productivity in the winter months. More recently, interest has grown in cultivating Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden & Cambage, which presents even superior frost tolerance compared to E. dunii and is highly productive as well. The quality of E. benthamii for pulp production is not yet proven. Thus, the chemical, anatomical, and technological aspects of pulp made from E. benthamii were compared with those of E. dunii for unbleached paper production. Samples of E. benthamii chips were obtained and analyzed for their basic density, chemical composition, higher heating value, trace elemental analysis, and chip size distribution. The chips were kraft cooked using conditions that produced a 74 ± 6 kappa number. The pulps were characterized for kappa number, yield, viscosity, and morphologic characteristics (e.g., length, wall thickness, and coarseness). Black liquor was analyzed for total solids, organics, inorganics, sodium sulfide, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate. Brownstocks were beaten at five different energy levels in a Valley beater, and the physical strength properties of 120 g/m² handsheets were measured to develop a beater curve. The results of this study showed differences in delignification between the two woods and lower pulp yield for E. benthamii , which are related to their chemical compositions and basic densities. The E. benthamii studied in this work exhibited higher amounts of lignin and extractives, lower carbohydrate content, and lower basic density. However, cooking a blend of the two woods afforded good results in pulping and in physical pulp properties.

Pilot trials of hemicelluloses extraction prior to thermomechanical pulp production: Part 1

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARL HOUTMAN ◽  
ERIC HORN
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulp ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
Bisulfite Treatment ◽  
Pilot Trials ◽  
Pulp Production ◽  
Production Part

Pilot data indicate that wood chip pretreatment with oxalic acid reduced the specific energy required to make thermomechanical pulp. A combined oxalic acid/bisulfite treatment resulted in 21% refiner energy savings and 13% increase in brightness for aspen. A low level of oxalic acid treatment was effective for spruce. Energy savings of 30% was observed with no significant change in strength properties. Adding bisulfite did not significantly increase the brightness of the spruce pulp. For pine, the optimum treatment was a moderate level of oxalic acid, which resulted in 34% energy savings and an increase in strength properties. For all of these treatments 1–3 w/w % carbohydrates were recovered, which can be fermented to produce ethanol. The extract sugar solution contained significant quantities of arabinose.

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