Salicylic Acid: Molecular Basis of Stress Resistance in Plants

2017 ◽  
pp. 163-199
Author(s):  
Uğur Uzuner ◽  
Aykut Sağlam ◽  
Asım Kadıoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Molecular Basis

scholarly journals Mediation of The Salicylic Acid Pathway by ROS1 in Response to Abiotic Stresses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Yang ◽  
Chenjing Lang ◽  
Yanju Wu ◽  
Dawei Meng ◽  
Tianbo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Defense Genes ◽  
Upstream Regulator ◽  
Acid Pathway

Abstract Background: DNA methylation plays an important role in the growth and development of plants in response to various abiotic stresses. Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signaling molecule that is synthesized by plants and induces the expression of defense genes. Results: In this paper, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which an upstream regulator (ACD6) in the SA pathway, an ABA pathway-related gene (ACO3), and a stress resistance gene (GSTF14) were induced by various abiotic stresses. The results demonstrated that abiotic stresses, including drought, cold, and salt stresses, induced the demethylation of the repeats in the promoters of ACD6, ACO3, and GSTF14 and transcriptionally activated their expression. Furthermore, our results revealed that ROS1-mediated DNA demethylation plays an important role in the process of transcriptional activation of ACD6 and GSTF14 when Arabidopsis plants were under cold stress.Conclusions: Our results confirmed that ROS1 plays an important role in the process of defense genes in the SA pathway and stress resistance gene GSTF14 in response to abiotic stresses.

scholarly journals The Dose-Dependent Pleiotropic Effects of the UBB+1 Ubiquitin Mutant

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Banasiak ◽  
Natalia A. Szulc ◽  
Wojciech Pokrzywa
Keyword(s):  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Polyglutamine Diseases ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Abnormal Accumulation ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dose Dependent

The proteolytic machinery activity diminishes with age, leading to abnormal accumulation of aberrant proteins; furthermore, a decline in protein degradation capacity is associated with multiple age-related proteinopathies. Cellular proteostasis can be maintained via the removal of ubiquitin (Ub)-tagged damaged and redundant proteins by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). However, during aging, central nervous system (CNS) cells begin to express a frameshift-mutated Ub, UBB+1. Its accumulation is a neuropathological hallmark of tauopathy, including Alzheimer’s disease and polyglutamine diseases. Mechanistically, in cell-free and cell-based systems, an increase in the UBB+1 concentration disrupts proteasome processivity, leading to increased aggregation of toxic proteins. On the other hand, a low level of UBB+1 improves stress resistance and extends lifespan. Here we summarize recent findings regarding the impact of UBB+1 on Ub signaling and neurodegeneration. We also review the molecular basis of how UBB+1 affects UPS components as well as its dose-dependent switch between cytoprotective and cytotoxic roles.

scholarly journals Mediation of the salicylic acid pathway by ROS1 in response to abiotic stresses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Yang ◽  
Taicheng Jin ◽  
Yanju Wu ◽  
Chenjing Lang ◽  
Dawei Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Defense Genes ◽  
Upstream Regulator ◽  
Acid Pathway

Abstract DNA methylation plays an important role in the growth and development of plants and in response to various abiotic stresses. Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signaling molecule that is synthesized by plants and induces the expression of defense genes. In this paper, we investigated the epigenetic regulation mechanism by which an upstream regulator ACD6 in the SA pathway, ABA pathway-related gene ACO3 , and stress resistance gene GSTF14 in response to various abiotic stresses. The results demonstrated that abiotic stresses, including drought, cold, and salt stresses, induced the demethylation of the repeats in the promoters of ACD6 , ACO3 , and GSTF14 and transcriptionally activated their expression. Furthermore, our results revealed that transcriptional activation of ACD6 and GSTF14 was mainly dependent on ROS1-mediated DNA demethylation when Arabidopsis plants under cold stress, suggesting that ROS1 plays an important role in the process of defense genes in the SA pathway and stress resistance gene GSTF14 in response to abiotic stresses.

scholarly journals Tissue-Specific Metabolic Response of Acanthopanax Senticosus (Rupr. Et. Maxim.) Harms Leaf To UV-B radiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexin Wu ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Wenda Shao ◽  
Zhonghua Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Acanthopanax Senticosus ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Eleutheroside B ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract This study aims to evaluate the effects of medium and high UV-B radiation on leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et. Maxim.) Harms. Two-year-old potted A. senticosus plant samples were respectively exposed to two levels of artificial, biologically effective UV-B radiation under glasshouse-controlled conditions: 1.972KJ/m2 and 3.442KJ/m2. Ordinary sunlight treatment was included as a control group, in which major effects of UV-B were observed. It was discovered that UV-B enhanced the medicinal value (especially eleutheroside B and E) of A. senticosus but impaired its growth. The sensitivity of leaves to UV-B radiation varied across different parts of the plant, among which the upper leaves responded most strongly. Furthermore, multiple types of phenolic compounds are synergistically involved in stress resistance in different aspects, including up-regulation of UV-absorbing substances (C6C3C6-type, kaempferol and rutin) and antioxidant enzyme synergists (C6C1-type, salicylic acid) as well as down-regulation of antioxidants (C6C3-type, p-coumaric acid). Conclusion of this study may provide a new perspective to improve the exploitation of A. senticosus.

scholarly journals Mediation of the salicylic acid pathway by ROS1 in response to abiotic stresses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Yang ◽  
Taicheng Jin ◽  
Yanju Wu ◽  
Chenjing Lang ◽  
Dawei Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Defense Genes ◽  
Upstream Regulator ◽  
Acid Pathway

Abstract Background: DNA methylation plays an important role in the growth and development of plants in response to various abiotic stresses. Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signaling molecule that is synthesized by plants and induces the expression of defense genes. Results: In this paper, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which an upstream regulator (ACD6) in the SA pathway, an ABA pathway-related gene (ACO3), and a stress resistance gene (GSTF14) were induced by various abiotic stresses. The results demonstrated that abiotic stresses, including drought, cold, and salt stresses, induced the demethylation of the repeats in the promoters of ACD6, ACO3, and GSTF14 and transcriptionally activated their expression. Furthermore, our results revealed that ROS1-mediated DNA demethylation plays an important role in the process of transcriptional activation of ACD6 and GSTF14 when Arabidopsis plants were under cold stress. Conclusion: Our results confirmed that ROS1 plays an important role in the process of defense genes in the SA pathway and stress resistance gene GSTF14 in response to abiotic stresses.

scholarly journals The Knockout of Enterobactin-Related Gene in Pectobacterium atrosepticum Results in Reduced Stress Resistance and Virulence towards the Primed Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9594
Author(s):  
Vladimir Gorshkov ◽  
Olga Parfirova ◽  
Olga Petrova ◽  
Natalia Gogoleva ◽  
Evgeny Kovtunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Pectobacterium Atrosepticum ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interactions

Siderophores produced by microorganisms to scavenge iron from the environment have been shown to contribute to virulence and/or stress resistance of some plant pathogenic bacteria. Phytopathogenic bacteria of Pectobacterium genus possess genes for the synthesis of siderophore enterobactin, which role in plant-pathogen interactions has not been elucidated. In the present study we characterized the phenotype of the mutant strain of Pba deficient for the enterobactin-biosynthetic gene entA. We showed that enterobactin may be considered as a conditionally beneficial virulence factor of Pba. The entA knockout did not reduce Pba virulence on non-primed plants; however, salicylic acid-primed plants were more resistant to ΔentA mutant than to the wild type Pba. The reduced virulence of ΔentA mutant towards the primed plants is likely explained by its compromised resistance to oxidative stress.

Renilla Bioluminescence: A Morphologic Approach to the Location of Photocytes

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 208-209
Author(s):  
Ben O. Spurlock ◽  
Milton J. Cormier
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Chemical Basis ◽  
Electronic Excited State ◽  
Colonial Form ◽  
The Common ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
Catalyzed Oxidation

The phenomenon of bioluminescence has fascinated layman and scientist alike for many centuries. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries a number of observations were reported on the physiology of bioluminescence in Renilla, the common sea pansy. More recently biochemists have directed their attention to the molecular basis of luminosity in this colonial form. These studies have centered primarily on defining the chemical basis for bioluminescence and its control. It is now established that bioluminescence in Renilla arises due to the luciferase-catalyzed oxidation of luciferin. This results in the creation of a product (oxyluciferin) in an electronic excited state. The transition of oxyluciferin from its excited state to the ground state leads to light emission.

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