Degree of Similarity of Root Trees

2018 ◽  
pp. 581-591
Author(s):  
Jiri Sebek ◽  
Petr Vondrus ◽  
Tomas Cerny
Keyword(s):  
Degree Of Similarity

Implementasi Fuzzy Hashing untuk Signature Malware

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Aditia Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Research Use ◽  
Index Terms ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Cryptographic hash value has long been used as a database of signatures to identify malware. The most widely used is the MD5 and/or SHA256. In addition, there are fuzzy hashing that slightly different from the traditional hash: length hash value is not fixed and hash value can be used to calculate the degree of similarity of some malware that may still be a variant. This research use ssdeep tool to calculate fuzzy hash. Database signature with fuzzy hash is smaller than SHA256 and larger than MD5. The level of accuracy for the detection of script-based malware variants is greater than the executable-based malware variants. Index Terms—file signature, fuzzy hashing, malware signature, rolling hashing, sha

Pembobotan Berdasarkan Tingkat Kesamaan Semantik pada Metode Fuzzy Semi-Supervised Co-Clustering untuk Pengelompokkan Dokumen Teks

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Galang Amanda Dwi P. ◽  
Gregorius Edwadr ◽  
Agus Zainal Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Supervised Learning ◽  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Classification Result ◽  
Document Similarity ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Index Terms ◽  
Membership Value ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Nowadays, a large number of information can not be reached by the reader because of the misclassification of text-based documents. The misclassified data can also make the readers obtain the wrong information. The method which is proposed by this paper is aiming to classify the documents into the correct group.  Each document will have a membership value in several different classes. The method will be used to find the degree of similarity between the two documents is the semantic similarity. In fact, there is no document that doesn’t have a relationship with the other but their relationship might be close to 0. This method calculates the similarity between two documents by taking into account the level of similarity of words and their synonyms. After all inter-document similarity values obtained, a matrix will be created. The matrix is then used as a semi-supervised factor. The output of this method is the value of the membership of each document, which must be one of the greatest membership value for each document which indicates where the documents are grouped. Classification result computed by the method shows a good value which is 90 %. Index Terms - Fuzzy co-clustering, Heuristic, Semantica Similiarity, Semi-supervised learning.

Pythagorean fuzzy full implication multiple I method and corresponding applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
TaiBen Nan ◽  
Haidong Zhang ◽  
Yanping He
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Modus Ponens ◽  
Pythagorean Fuzzy Set ◽  
Implication Operator ◽  
Continuity Properties ◽  
Fuzzy Implication ◽  
Decision Making Problem ◽  
Fuzzy Implication Operator ◽  
Degree Of Similarity ◽  
Fuzzy Modus Ponens

The overwhelming majority of existing decision-making methods combined with the Pythagorean fuzzy set (PFS) are based on aggregation operators, and their logical foundation is imperfect. Therefore, we attempt to establish two decision-making methods based on the Pythagorean fuzzy multiple I method. This paper is devoted to the discussion of the full implication multiple I method based on the PFS. We first propose the concepts of Pythagorean t-norm, Pythagorean t-conorm, residual Pythagorean fuzzy implication operator (RPFIO), Pythagorean fuzzy biresiduum, and the degree of similarity between PFSs based on the Pythagorean fuzzy biresiduum. In addition, the full implication multiple I method for Pythagorean fuzzy modus ponens (PFMP) is established, and the reversibility and continuity properties of the full implication multiple I method of PFMP are analyzed. Finally, a practical problem is discussed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the Pythagorean fuzzy full implication multiple I method in a decision-making problem. The advantages of the new method over existing methods are also explained. Overall, the proposed methods are based on logical reasoning, so they can more accurately and completely express decision information.

Judged Beauty of Fractal Symmetries

2021 ◽  
pp. 027623742199469
Author(s):  
Jay Friedenberg ◽  
Preston Martin ◽  
Naomi Uy ◽  
Mackenzie Kvapil
Keyword(s):  
Local Symmetry ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
Vertical Orientation ◽  
Degree Of Similarity ◽  
Different Levels

Fractals are patterns that show self-similarity at different levels of scale. Typically they appear in nature and this degree of similarity is approximate or statistical. However, artificial or exact fractals have also been studied and the advantage of these stimuli is the ability to more carefully control the relationships that occur across various hierarchies. In two experiments we studied the perceived beauty of a novel class of exact visual fractal in which we introduced reflection, rotation, translation, and random symmetries that repeated at a local and global levels. Rotation and reflection were consistently preferred to translation and randomness. Only reflected patterns were preferred at a vertical orientation. For all other symmetries there was no difference in preference between vertical and horizontal. In a second experiment we progressively eliminated the salience of local symmetry through opaque shading . Perceived beauty decreased with an increase in shading . For these patterns greater discriminability of their fractal quality makes them more aesthetically appealing.

Representing wine concepts: A hybrid approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-491
Author(s):  
M. Cristina Amoretti ◽  
Marcello Frixione
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Geometric Representation ◽  
Conceptual Spaces ◽  
Geographical Indication ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Degree Of Similarity ◽  
Representation Of Knowledge

Wines with geographical indication can be classified and represented by such features as designations of origin, producers, vintage years, alcoholic strength, and grape varieties; these features allow us to define wines in terms of a set of necessary and/or sufficient conditions. However, wines can also be identified by other characteristics, involving their look, smell, and taste; in this case, it is hard to define wines in terms of necessary and/or sufficient conditions, as wine concepts exhibit typicality effects. This is a setback for the design of computer science ontologies aiming to represent wine concepts, since knowledge representation formalisms commonly adopted in this field do not allow for the representation of concepts in terms of typical traits. To solve this problem, we propose to adopt a hybrid approach in which ontology-oriented formalisms are combined with a geometric representation of knowledge based on conceptual spaces. As in conceptual spaces, concepts are identified in terms of a number of quality dimensions. In order to determine those relevant for wine representation, we use the terminology developed by the Italian Association of Sommeliers to describe wines. This will allow us to understand typicality effects about wines, determine prototypes and better exemplars, and measure the degree of similarity between different wines.

Using Cluster Analysis to Improve Marketing Experiments

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
George S. Day ◽  
Roger M. Heeler
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Space Representation ◽  
Reduced Space ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Similarity ◽  
Sensitive Experiment ◽  
Selection Of

When the selection of a sample of stores or cities requires a high degree of similarity among the test units in order to ensure a sensitive experiment, the sample may no longer represent the market. These conflicting requirements can be satisfied by choosing the sample from clusters displayed in a reduced space representation of the market.

Are Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker & Pritchard and Tetranychus malaysiensis Ehara (Acari: Tetranychidae) one species? Morphological and molecular evidences for synonymy between these two spider mite species and a note on invasiveness of T. macfarlanei on okra and eggplant in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Mahran Zeity ◽  
Nagappa Srinivas ◽  
Chinnamade Channegowde Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mite ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi Gene ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Study of morphological characters of Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker & Pritchard and Tetranychus malaysiensis Ehara revealed high similarity by comparing all the important characters in addition to the characters pointed out by Ehara to separate those two species. Molecular phylogeny of seven Indian populations of T. macfarlanei and one population of T. malaysiensis from Philippines along with few distantly related species of Tetranychus was attempted. High degree of similarity between these two species at mitochondrial COI gene (96%) as well as ITS2 (rDNA) (96–99%) region was evident. Based on both morphological features and molecular data, T. malaysiensis is proposed as a junior synonym of T. macfarlanei based on ICZN’s law of priority. Also more female characters are prompted in this study to distinctly discriminate T. macfarlanei from its most resembling species, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher. Tetranychus macfarlanei has emerged as a pest of several cultivated crop plants in India. 

scholarly journals Analysis of Neurotoxin Cluster Genes in Clostridium botulinum Strains Producing Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A Subtypes

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 2778-2786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Jacobson ◽  
Guangyun Lin ◽  
Brian Raphael ◽  
Joanne Andreadis ◽  
Eric A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Botulinum Neurotoxin ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Amino Acid Levels ◽  
Cluster Type ◽  
Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A ◽  
Cluster Gene ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

ABSTRACT Neurotoxin cluster gene sequences and arrangements were elucidated for strains of Clostridium botulinum encoding botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) subtypes A3, A4, and a unique A1-producing strain (HA− Orfx+ A1). These sequences were compared to the known neurotoxin cluster sequences of C. botulinum strains that produce BoNT/A1 and BoNT/A2 and possess either a hemagglutinin (HA) or an Orfx cluster, respectively. The A3 and HA− Orfx+ A1 strains demonstrated a neurotoxin cluster arrangement similar to that found in A2. The A4 strain analyzed possessed two sets of neurotoxin clusters that were similar to what has been found in the A(B) strains: an HA cluster associated with the BoNT/B gene and an Orfx cluster associated with the BoNT/A4 gene. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the neurotoxin cluster-specific genes were determined for each neurotoxin cluster and compared among strains. Additionally, the ntnh gene of each strain was compared on both the nucleotide and amino acid levels. The degree of similarity of the sequences of the ntnh genes and corresponding amino acid sequences correlated with the neurotoxin cluster type to which the ntnh gene was assigned.

Intestinal microflora of the newborn rat as related to mammary, faecal, and vaginal Staphylococci strains isolated from the dam

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 989-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brunel ◽  
P. Gouet
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Taxonomy ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Newborn Rat ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

To determine the relative importance of maternal microflora (faeces, vagina, and teats) in the contamination of newborn rats, strains of staphylococci from six different families (dam + litter) were isolated. These strains were identified, and by means of numerical profiles analyzed for their degree of similarity for each litter and (or) biotope. The staphylococci strains found in the gut of the newborn rat originated first from the teats and thereafter from the faeces. Concomitant observation of some identical strains, however, suggested a certain degree of similarity between these two maternal biotopes in this animal.Key words: intestinal microflora, newborn, dam, staphylococci, numerical taxonomy.

scholarly journals The DalHouses: 100 new photographs of houses with ratings of typicality, familiarity, and degree of similarity to faces

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian H. Filliter ◽  
Jacqueline M. Glover ◽  
Patricia A. McMullen ◽  
Joshua P. Salmon ◽  
Shannon A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Degree Of Similarity
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