Evaluation of Fractal Growth Characteristic of Flocs for Aluminium Sulphate and Ferric Chloride Using Microscopy Method

Ferric chloride, Aluminium sulphate, and Ferrous sulphate flocs were used as an adsorbent in the decolourisation of aqueous dye C.I. Disperse yellow 3. To evaluate the potentiality of adsorbents, non-flow agitated experiments were carried out to find the equilibrium contact time, optimum equilibrium adsorbent dose. Preformed flocs at pH:: 4 rather than pH:: 10 produced excellent colour removal. Adsorption capacity of flocs of Ferric chloride, Aluminium sulphate and Ferrous sulphate was obtained as 500 mg/g, 333mg/g and 23.3mg/g at pH:4. The equilibrium data sorption follows Langmuir Isotherm and kinetic data follows pseudo second order stating that chemisorptions is the rate limiting step.

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Treatment of Wastewater Containing Oil

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1989.0016 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 137-139

Author(s):

V. Mavrov ◽

I. Dobrevski ◽

V. Peneva ◽

S. Rashkov ◽

N. Stathopoulos

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Ferric Chloride ◽

Oil Content ◽

Treatment Process ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Activated Carbons ◽

Aluminium Chloride ◽

Aluminium Sulphate ◽

Treated Effluent ◽

Brown Coals

The possibilities for treatment of a wastewater containing 120 - 170 mg/l of oil, with a COD of 190 - 312 mg O2/l and a pH of 7 - 7.6, were studied. A treatment process consisting of coagulation and adsorption was investigated. The effectiveness of coagulation using aluminium sulphate, ferric chloride, and aluminium chloride, was examined, and for the adsorption process, three activated carbons (A, B, and C) were considered. Carbons A and B were new types of activated carbon based on different pyrolysed brown coals, and carbon C was a commercial activated carbon. It was established that the optimum results were achieved by coagulation with 140 mg/l aluminium chloride (Al2(OH)5Cl), which produced a treated effluent with an oil content of 11 - 12 mg/l, followed by adsorption using activated carbon A, which gave a treated effluent with an oil content below 2 mg/l. Carbon. A could treat up to 2200 bed volumes of water before regeneration of the activated carbon was necessary.

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Study Of Structure Formation Of Organic-Mineral Compositions With Fibrous Filler By Electron Microscopy Method

Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel stvo ◽

10.33622/0869-7019.2019.12.41-47 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 41-47

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Structure Formation ◽

Mineral Composition ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Cement Stone ◽

Hydrated Cement ◽

Fibrous Filler ◽

Organic Mineral ◽

Microscopy Method ◽

Mineral Compositions

The article presents the study of processes of structure formation of cement stone and products of hardening of organic-mineral compositions with fibrous filler (shavings) by the electronic scanning microscopy method. It is established that the additive-free cement stone at the age of 28 days has a dense and homogeneous structure, consists of calcium hydro-silicates, Portlandite and calcite - newgrowths characteristic for cement systems. Cellulose fibers, which make up the bulk of the substance of shavings, are sufficiently active, which determines the high adhesion of the hydration products of the cement binder to their surface. It is shown that the introduction of shavings into the organo-mineral composition leads to inhibition of cement hydration processes. Organo-mineral compositions with different shavings content (two compositions) were analyzed. The first composition is characterized by a fairly dense structure, the cement stone consists of globular nanoscale nuclei of hydrosilicates, Portlandite and calcite. The second composition has a loose porous structure, cement stone consists of non-hydrated cement grains, newgrowths are represented by calcite and vaterite. The structure of the contact zone "osprey fiber-cement stone" in the organo-mineral composition of the first composition indicates a good adhesion of the filler surface with the phases of hydrated cement. The use of shavings as a fibrous filler (the first composition) increases the tensile and bending strength, as well as the wear resistance of organo-mineral compositions. The data obtained by scanning electron microscopy are confirmed by the results of studying the processes of structure formation of cement stone by quantitative x-ray phase analysis.

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