Numerical Assessment of Passive Fire Protection in an Oil and Gas Storage Facility

Evaluation of fire-retardant effectiveness of coatings for steel structures

Pozharnaia bezopasnost` ◽

10.37657/vniipo.pb.2020.101.4.004 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 43-54

Author(s):

Владимир Ильич Голованов ◽

Андрей Владимирович Пехотиков ◽

Владимир Валерьевич Павлов

Keyword(s):

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Fire Resistance ◽

Fire Protection ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Fire Retardant ◽

Steel Structures ◽

Building Structures ◽

Load Bearing ◽

Passive Fire Protection ◽

Actual Fire

Представлены результаты анализа экспериментальной и аналитической оценки огнезащитной эффективности покрытий для стальных конструкций. Обобщены данные многолетних исследований по определению зависимостей от температуры таких теплофизических характеристик, как теплопроводность и теплоемкость. Разработана структурно-методологическая схема выбора огнезащитных покрытий для стальных конструкций в целях обеспечения нормативных требований по огнестойкости. Проведены экспериментальные исследования по определению огнезащитной эффективности терморасширяющихся покрытий на эпоксидной основе при воздействии температурного режима горения углеводородов. Рассмотрен вопрос о гармонизации методики экспериментальной оценки огнезащитной эффективности средств огнезащиты для стальных конструкций с действующими европейскими нормами. Установлены критерии выбора пассивной огнезащиты, зависящие от области применения способов огнезащиты. Steel structures have high strength, relative lightness and durability, but when exposed to high temperatures in a fire, they deform, lose stability and load-bearing capacity. The collapse of load-bearing steel structures can occur in 10-15 minutes after the fire start. The actual fire resistance limit of structures can be increased by using the active and passive fire protection systems. The use of the active system for increasing the actual fire resistance limit is not provided in the regulatory documents. Passive fire protection is a complex of technical solutions including the use of non-flammable materials and bulging compounds. It is also an integral part of the building structure that ensures the required fire resistance limit. Assessment of fire resistance of building structures of residential, public, warehouse and industrial buildings is carried out taking into account the temperature regime (cellulose) of a standard fire. At oil and gas, petrochemical enterprises as well as at oil production platforms fires can occur at combustion of various hydrocarbon fuels which are characterized by a rapid temperature increase to 1100 °C. In this case, in accordance with GOST R EN 1363-2-2014, the temperature regime of hydrocarbon combustion is used to assess the fire resistance of building structures. The fire-retardant effectiveness of fire protection means for steel structures is determined by the heating time of the standard I-shaped column without applying a static load on the sample to the average “critical” temperature of the steel of 500 °C. Materials used for fire protection of steel structures must have a good thermal insulation ability, which is estimated by the coefficient of thermal conductivity. When heated to high temperatures, the thermal conductivity coefficient of fire-resistant materials varies depending on their composition and temperature. Based on the analysis of research to determine the fire-retardant effectiveness of fire protection means for steel structures there was developed a structural and methodological scheme that allows to make a choice of fire protection. Currently, as a fire protection there are widely used intumescent paints and thermo-expandable coatings. Taking into account the lack of knowledge of the influence of long-term operation and a large number of other technological factors on the fire-retardant effectiveness of coatings of steel structures covered with intumescent paints, it would be right to limit the use of such type of fire protection for load-bearing structures contributing to the overall sustainability of buildings with a required fire resistance of R 30. For fire protection of steel structures of oil and gas facilities located in the open air, in severe climatic conditions and exposed to aggressive environments there is successfully used a thermo-expandable two-component epoxy-based coating. The analysis of experimental data showed that the use of epoxy-based coatings is suitable for metal structures in the open air. In closed rooms the epoxy intumescent coating should not be used because at high temperature in a fire it ignites with toxic combustion products release.

Download Full-text

Kansas

10.37419/jpl.v6.i3.24 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Stanford J. Smith ◽

Jeff M. Pike

Keyword(s):

Oil And Gas ◽

Common Law ◽

Gas Storage ◽

Storage Facility ◽

Court Of Appeals ◽

The Third ◽

First Case ◽

Adverse Possession ◽

The Common ◽

The Right

2019 provided no shortage of excitement, as there were more oil and gas opinions issued by the Kansas Supreme Court than in a usual year. These cases will be the main focus of this Survey, as there are no major legislative developments to report for this year. The first case decided whether the common-law rule against perpetuities should be applied to exceptions of defeasible term mineral interests. The second case is “yet another round in [a] high-dollar subsurface prize fight” about who has the right to gas that has escaped from an under- ground natural gas storage facility. The third case analyzes whether the misappropriation of royalty payments gives rise to a claim of adverse possession. Additionally, the Kansas Court of Appeals released an oil and gas opinion, which will be briefly discussed.

Download Full-text

Results of monitoring groundwater above the natural gas underground storage at Stenlille, Denmark

Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin ◽

10.34194/geusb.v26.4748 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 45-48

Author(s):

Troels Laier

Keyword(s):

Natural Gas ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Gas Storage ◽

First Year ◽

Underground Storage ◽

Storage Facility ◽

Light Hydrocarbons ◽

Natural Gas Storage ◽

Water Wells ◽

Observation Wells

Groundwater in the Stenlille area is regularly analysed for light hydrocarbons after a natural gas underground storage facility was established there in 1989. The monitoring is carried out by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland and is part of the authorities’ requirements for the environmental approval of the natural gas storage run by the state-owned Danish Oil and Gas company DONG A/S. Groundwater from observation wells and water wells in the area was analysed every month during the first year of operation and four times a year in the following years. More frequent analyses are undertaken on special occasions.

Download Full-text

Study of Interior Materials as Passive Fire Protection in Karaoke Building (Case Study: Masterpiece Signature Family KTV Medan)

International Journal of Architecture and Urbanism ◽

10.32734/ijau.v4i1.3855 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 30-43

Author(s):

Saras Ayu Faradita ◽

Vinky Rahman

Keyword(s):

Fire Protection ◽

Analytical Hierarchy Process ◽

Passive Protection ◽

Fire Incident ◽

Fire Disaster ◽

Passive Fire Protection ◽

Protection Systems ◽

Hierarchy Process ◽

The City

The fire incident in karaoke buildings in Indonesia which claimed many lives has occurred several times. According to the National Academy of Science US, the smoke toxins that come out of the fire disaster cause 50-80% of deaths. Refers to the data, it is necessary to check further about the building material response to fire during a fire incident. Masterpiece Signature Karaoke is a karaoke building that classified as large and magnificent in the city of Medan which has various material so that it is necessary to study the interior material as passive fire protection. The purpose is to find out how to assess the reliability of fire passive protection regard to the interior materials and recommendations or descriptions of right interior material planning using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This method is efficacious to solve the problem of reliability in using interior materials as passive fire protection in Masterpiece Signature Family KTV Medan building with the results of an Adequate Level of reliability. Then, design recommendations were given for the use of interior materials in karaoke building to improve the reliability results to be better.The results are useful as information for other researchers and karaoke buildings regarding passive fire protection systems at the Masterpiece Signature Family KTV Medan.

Download Full-text