The model of community empowerment in fire forest disaster prevention in Indonesia

This paper will look into the topic of community involvement in forest fire disaster prevention, specifically in Indonesia. To begin, the paper will discuss the problem of forest fires in Indonesia, which occur frequently. The study also addressed issues related to disaster management, such as a lack of competence and knowledge, which resulted in disaster management ineffectiveness. The paper's third portion discusses the government's involvement in catastrophe management. Several initiatives and support have been implemented.

Kindled by Catastrophe

Fire disasters were a major threat to eighteenth-century villages and towns. Following such conflagrations, writers, artists, and publishers were eager to represent the disaster in great detail. Printed poems and pamphlets did not only describe the flames’ destruction, but also put great emphasis on the solidarity during and after the catastrophe. The risks of looting and social disorder were acknowledged by authors, but received little attention overall. Instead, poets and writers focused on acts of care and charity in four phases of fire disaster management: firefighting, immediate relief, collecting for reconstruction, and remembrance. While the first two phases were characterised by local and regional solidarity, the latter two could encompass – in the imagination of the authors – the whole Dutch nation. Writers appealed to faith and nationhood to convince people to make charitable donations. Afterwards, they celebrated and remembered the generosity of various communities. This article concludes that authors appropriated destroyed lives and buildings to construct identities and solidarity.

Identifikasi dan Pencegahan Daerah Rawan Bencana Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Gambut Di Kalimantan Barat

Kalimantan Barat memiliki potensi bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan gambut yang tinggi karena banyaknya titik api dan jenis lahan gambut yang mudah terbakar pada musim kemarau. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memetakan dan menentukan kecenderungan titik pamas dan mengidentifikasi dan mencegah kawasan rawan kebakaran hutan dan lahan gambut dengan data hotspot, peta curah hujan, peta tutupan lahan, peta kesatuan hidrologis gambut, dan peta cekungan air tanah menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis atau SIG. Metode overlap digunakan untuk menganalisis kecenderungan titik panas sedangkan Overlay dan Scoring digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kawasan rawan kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Setelah dilakukan analisis titik panas, terdapat kecenderungan curah hujan pada kelas curah hujan 1.500-3.000 mm/tahun dengan 2.192 kejadian. Perubahan tutupan lahan di kawasan hutan mengalami penurunan sebesar 7,96%. Peningkatan tutupan lahan di kawasan non-hutan sebesar 11,26%, mempengaruhi potensi dan kecenderungan titik api dan bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Kubu Raya memiliki tingkat kerawanan bencana kebakaran pada kelas sangat rawan dengan luasan 0,26%, dan Kapuas Hulu memiliki tingkat kerawanan bencana kebakaran pada kelas tidak rawan dengan luas 0,19%. Kabupaten Ketapang merupakan daerah dengan tingkat pencegahan tertinggi, dengan luas cekungan airtanah sebesar 26,46%.ABSTRACTWest Kalimantan has a high potential for forest and peatland fire disasters due to the high number of hotspots and the type of peatland which burns easily during the dry season. The purpose of this research is to map and determine the trend of hotspots and areas prone to forest and peatland fires and prevent them with hotspot data, rainfall maps, land cover maps, maps of peat hydrological units, and maps of groundwater basins using Geographic Information Systems or GIS. The overlap method is used to analyze the trend of hotspots; meanwhile, Overlay and Scoring are used to identify areas prone to forest and land fires in this research. After analyzing the hotspots, there is a tendency for rainfall with a class of 1,500-3,000mm/year with 2,192 events. Land cover change in forested areas decreased by 7.96%. It increased land cover in non-forest areas by 11.26%, affecting the potential and tendency of hotspots and forest and land fire disasters. Kubu Raya has a fire disaster vulnerability level in the very vulnerable class with an area of 0.26%, and Kapuas Hulu has a fire disaster vulnerability level in the non-prone class with an area of 0.19%. Ketapang Regency is the area with the highest prevention rate, with a groundwater basin area of 26.46%.

Framework of Electrical Fire Probability Estimation Based on Bayesian Network Model Inference

Electrical fire had become one of the main parts in total fire accidents. Most of researches rely on the complex combustion models, which consume a huge number of computational resources. However, few studies focus on evaluating fire disaster by probability theory, and estimate the likelihood of fire occurring by the calculation result of probability based on the current data from the sensor. Bayesian Network is introduced due to the advantage of calculation complexity, ability of expressing uncertain factors and the accuracy of model with incomplete data. Some problems should be solved before using Bayesian Network to inference events based on given evidences. In this paper, the structure and the parameter of the Bayesian Network is created by the discussing result of the experts and scholars in electrical fire research field. A frequently-used fuzzy function called Sigmoid function to process data from raw data to the probability. Inference result by Bayesian Network is calculated by the Variable Elimination algorithm. A case study about the simulation of analyzing the probability of electrical fire happened when the load of circuit is under the high status. Research result shows that Bayesian Network model is suitable for estimating and analyzing in the scenario of electrical fire. Model has a good robust to express probability of electrical fire probability, which is of vital importance for estimating whether the fire occurs or not, thus providing significant information and instruction for preventing electrical fire and the sustainability of the environment. Based on the simulation result, it can conclude that the Bayesian network model inference is suitable for the electrical fire estimation scenario, and the introducing of this scheme is possible for predict electrical fire.

Network Analysis to Determine the Optimal Route for Firefighters in Makassar City

Makassar city experiences many residential fire disasters during the last years. One of the causes of fires is difficult to overcome due to the firefighters’ late response. The number of fires occurred due to the ineffectiveness of the fire fighting road, obstructed by traffic conditions, in its operation. Developing a geospatial route analysis can help firefighters quickly find the best route to a fire point to overcome this problem. Geospatial route analysis is currently a key role in emergency responses for urban fire disasters. A routing system can provide network analysis that allows users to navigate between source and destination points. In this case, the system can help firefighters to arrive as quickly as possible. On complicated road networks, some impedance factors would slow down drivers on a particular road. This study aims to provide firefighters from the base stations to residential fire disaster locations. The method used in the studies is Dijkstra’s algorithms to calculate weights of the impedance factors to optimal routing based on length of the road, speed drive, and traffic conditions. Implementation of routing analysis using open source geospatial software, PostgreSQL as database management system with PostGIS, and pgrouting as extensions. The modeling results show that the optimal route selection with speed parameters based on road classification has a low weight value. Therefore, it can be used as a reference for selecting a firefighter’s routing.

Analisis Implementasi Sistem Proteksi Kebakaran Aktif, Sarana Penyelamatan Jiwa Dan Tanggap Darurat Di Gedung Promoter Polda Metro Jaya Tahun 2021

Introduction: Promoter Polda Metro Jaya Building is one of the state-owned buildings which must complete Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) requirements, have a fire protection system, life saving equipment, and emergency response due to the regulation. The purpose of this research is to know The Impelentation of The Fire Protection Active System, Life Saving Equipment, and Emergency Response at Promoter Polda Metro Jaya Building according to Ministerial Regulation No. 26 2008. Methods: This research is a qualitative research using triangulation method by interviewing, observating, and resourcing. The Informants of this research are Head of Managing Coordinator, Technician Supervisor, and The Technicians. Results: The results of the research are the implementation of fire protection active system has already appropriated to Ministerial Regulation No. 26 2008 with 90,5 % suitability, the implementation of life saving equipment has already appropriated to Ministerial Regulation No. 26 2008 with 94% suitability, the implementation of fire emergency response has already appropriated to Ministerial Decree 186/MEN/1999 with 46,15% suitability. Discussion: The suggestions according to priority scale are the manager makes a policy about the prevention and repression of the fire disaster, SOP of emergency response, forms emergency response team, and maintains, checks, and evaluates the fire protection active system and life saving equipment regularly.