Role of Potassium in Plant Photosynthesis, Transport, Growth and Yield

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jyoti Rawat ◽  
Neha Pandey ◽  
Jyoti Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Photosynthesis

scholarly journals The Role of Indigenous Mycorrhiza in Combination with Cattle Manure in Improving Maize Yield (Zea Mays L) on Sandy Loam of Northern Lombok, Eastern of Indonesia

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Astiko ◽  
Ika Rochdjatun Sastrahidayat ◽  
Syamsuddin Djauhari ◽  
Anton Muhibuddin
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Organic C

A glass house study was conducted to evaluate the contribution of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) in improving maize yield grown on sandy loam of Northern Lombok. The package of organic fertilizers treatments were tested including: without inoculation of mycorrhiza, inoculation mycorrhiza and no added inorganic fertilizers, inoculation of mycorrhiza with cattle manure added, inoculation of mycorrhiza with rock phosphate added and inoculation mycorrhiza with inorganic fertilizers. The treatments were arranged using a Completely Randomized Design with four replications. The results of the study show that the inoculation of AMF significantly increased soil concentration of N, available-P, K and organic-C by 37.39%, 60.79%, 66.66% and 110.15% respectively observed at 60 days after sowing (DAS). The similar trend was also found at 100 DAS, where those nutrients increased by 21.48%, 69%, 43.93% and 37.07%, respectively compared to control. The improving of soil fertility status was also reflected by nutrients uptake (i.e. N, P, K, Ca) as well as growth and yield of maize. N, P, K and Ca uptake increased by 1,608%, 1,121%, 533% and 534%, respectively. Roots and top dry biomass at 60 DAS increased by 718.40% and 337.67%, respectively. The trend increased of the biomass was followed by observation at 100 DAS. Yield components including cobs, grain and weight of 100 grains increased by 313.60%, 411.84% and 137.54%, respectively. In addition, the inoculation of AM with F2 contributed significantly to the spore numbers and root infection.[How to Cite : Astiko W, IR Sastrahidayat, S Djauhari, and A Muhibuddin. 2013. The Role of Indigenous Mycorrhiza in Combination with Cattle Manure in Improving Maize Yield (Zea Mays L) on Sandy Loam of Northern Lombok, Eastern of Indonesia. J Trop Soils, 18 (1): 53-58. doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.53][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.53]

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF NATURAL HAZARDS ON SOIL DEGRADATION AND AGRO-INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY IN THE CRIMEA

2015 ◽  
pp. 94-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Pashtetsky ◽  
K. G. Zhenchenko ◽  
A. V. Prikhodko
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The information of the impact of adverse natural phenomena related with the high temperature regime, deficit of precipitation and strong winds on the soil erosion, growth and yield of the crop. The status of shelterbelt, their ecological significance and the role of melioration and soil protection tillage systems in the Republic of Crimea are discussed.

Reduced growth and yield of wheat with conservation cropping. II. Soil biological factors limit growth under direct drilling

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Kirkegaard ◽  
R Munns ◽  
RA James ◽  
PA Gardner ◽  
JF Angus
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Cultivated Soil ◽  
Controlled Environments

Wheat was grown in intact cores of soil removed from a field experiment in which seedlings had grown more slowly in direct-drilled soil than in cultivated soil. Experiments were conducted in controlled environments to resolve (1) whether shallower sowing of direct-drilled crops caused slower growth, (2) whether the soil factors causing the slower growth were physical or biological and (3) if biological, whether Rhizoctonia solani was the major pathogen. The conditions of the experiments removed possible constraints of water and nutrient supply but otherwise simulated the environment of wheat seedlings in southern Australia. Shallower sowing led to faster emergence and increased seedling growth, but irrespective of sowing depth, direct-drilled plants grew more slowly than plants in cultivated soil. Shoot growth of direct-drilled plants was 25-65% less than that of cultivated plants. These growth reductions were largely overcome by sterilizing the soil with y radiation or by fumigation with methyl bromide, indicating that biological factors were primarily responsible. Rhizoctonia was implicated as the cause of the reduced shoot growth when infection was severe (>3 on a 0-5 scale). There was no correlation between infection severity and shoot growth at moderate levels (<3) and significant reductions in shoot growth occurred in the absence of Rhizoctonia. These reductions were evident on the first leaf suggesting a direct influence on shoot growth rather than one mediated through inadequate uptake of water or nutrients. Infection of the germinating seed by Pythium spp. or the effects of phytohormones produced by inhibitory bacteria on the roots are possible causes of reduced shoot growth of direct-drilled seedlings. The dominant role of biological factors in determining plant response to soil management indicates the need for further studies to identify the organisms responsible, to determine the mechanism by which they influence shoot growth, and the effect of management on their populations and activity.

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF SULPHUR AND ZINC NUTRITION TO THE SEED YIELD AND OIL CONTENT OF MUSTARD (CV. BARI SARISHA-14)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Rashida Sultana ◽  
Swapan Kumar Paul ◽  
Md. Abdur Rahman Sarkar ◽  
Shubroto Kumar Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Zinc Nutrition ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Number Of Branches

The role of different nutrient elements is well established in plant metabolism. However, different crops respond differently in relation to their growth and yield. An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to evaluate the response of sulphur and zinc nutrition to the seed yield and oil content of mustard (cv. BARI Sarisha-14). It, laid out in RCBD with three replications was consisted of four levels of sulphur (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg ha-1) and Zn (0, 1, 2, 3 kg ha-1). It was observed that 60 kg Sulphur ha-1 gave significantly highest seed yield, oil content and harvest index owing to the highest number of branches plant-1, siliqua plant-1, seeds siliqua-1 and 1000-seed weight. Conversely, 0 kg Sulphur ha-1 provided the lowest seed yield and oil content of mustard. Again, the highest number of braches plant-1, siliqua plant-1 and seeds siliqua-1 was found at 3 kg zinc ha-1 which resulted in the highest seed yield, oil content and harvest index. The lowest performance of the yield components and yield was observed at 0 kg zinc ha-1. Interaction effect between 60 kg sulphur ha-1 and 3 kg zinc ha-1 provided the highest seed yield and stover yield because of the highest number of branches plant-1 and seeds siliqua-1 and the worst yield performance was a observed at the control treatment. Therefore, the application of sulphur and zinc at the rate of 60 kg ha-1 and 3 kg ha-1, respectively could be applied for BARI sarisha-14 for higher seed yield.

scholarly journals Effect of cobalt chloride on soybean seedlings subjected to cadmium stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagna Chmielowska-Bąk ◽  
Isabelle Lefèvre ◽  
Stanley Lutts ◽  
Agata Kulik ◽  
Joanna Deckert
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Plant Signaling ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
The Impact

Contamination of the environment with heavy metals such as Cd is a serious problem of modern world. Exposure of plants to Cd leads to oxidative stress, inhibition of respiration and photosynthesis, increased rate of mutation and, as a consequence, stunted growth and yield decrease. One of the common reactions of plants to cadmium stress is over-production of ethylene, however the exact role of this hormone in plants response to Cd is still unrecognized. The aim of the present study is evaluation of the impact of an ethylene synthesis inhibitor, Co, on the response of soybean seedlings to cadmium stress. The experiments included measurements of growth, cell viability, ethylene production and expression of genes associated with cellular signaling in soybean seedlings exposed to CdCl<sub>2</sub> (with Cd in a concentration of 223 μM) and/or CoCl<sub>2</sub> (with Co in concentration of 4.6 μM). Surprisingly, the results show that Co has no effect on ethylene biosynthesis, however, it affects cell viability and expression of Cd-induced genes associated with plant signaling pathways. The affected genes encode mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase2 (MAPKK2), nitrate reductase and DOF1 and bZIP2 transcription factors. The role of Co in plants response to cadmium stress and its potential use as an ethylene inhibitor is discussed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Terminalia glaucescens Chromatographic Fractions on Meloidogyne incognita Infecting Chili Pepper (Capsicum chinense)

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Increase Crop Yield

Abstract Nematodes are widespread organisms and pose a serious problem in vegetable production. The use of synthetic nematicides is a common method of bringing down the nematode population to increase crop yield. This has, however, brought about serious pollution to the environment. Leaves and twigs of Terminalia glaucescens were extracted in organic solvents and then chromatographed on a silica gel column. Chromatographic fractions obtained from the methanol and acetone crude extracts were characterized with UV-visible, FTIR, and GCMS and tested for their potential nematode suppressing activity in field micro plots. Spectroscopic analysis of the fractions revealed the presence of compounds such as aldehydes, acids, ketones, phenols, terpenes, hydrocarbons, and fatty acid esters. The extract fractions of T. glaucescens were applied at 100, 75, and 50 mg·ml−1 at 100 ml each and carbofuran at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 kg a.i.·ha−1. The vegetative growth of pepper plants as well as the number and weight of fruits increased significantly in plants treated with the above-mentioned extract fractions. The protective role of fractions compared favorably with the synthetic nematicide (carbofuran). The most effective in reduction of the nematode population, and plant growth and yield was the highest concentration of 100 mg·ml−1. Thus, organic solvent extract fractions from T. glaucescens can serve as a biopesticide and an alternative to the environmentally hazardous synthetic nematicide.

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