Evaluating the Seismic Performance of Domestic and Historical Masonry Structures in Himachal Pradesh Region of India

2021 ◽  
pp. 477-490
Author(s):  
Ashwani Kumar Sharma ◽  
Ashutosh Kumar ◽  
Vasilis Sarhosis
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Historical Masonry

scholarly journals The use of approximate methods of seismic assessment of structures

2018 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
Maria Basdeki ◽  
Argyro Drakakaki ◽  
Charis Apostolopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Seismic Evaluation ◽  
Approximate Methods ◽  
Rc Structures ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Corrosion Factor ◽  
Masonry Tower

Greece is an earthquake prone area, which is also exposed to coastal environment. Most existing buildings present common characteristics, concerning quality of the materials and environmental conditions [1].The vulnerability of these structures is exteriorized under powerful seismic loads. This is because they were designed, according to older regulations, primarily to bear vertical loads and secondarily to bear horizontal loads, an indicative sign of the absence of anti-seismic design. Designing and evaluation of the seismic performance of existing structures is a really complex issue, because structural degradation phenomenon is related to both corrosion damage of steel reinforcement on RC structures and high vulnerability of masonry. Precisely, the inadequate seismic performance of masonry structures, which is recorded under intense earthquakes, is attributed to the characteristics of masonry and to the ageing phenomena of the materials. For the seismic inspection of masonry structures, both EC2 and OASP can be used [3], although there is often a great misunderstanding concerning the range of the maximum permissible interventions, the financial inability and modern perceptions of redesigning [2]. On the other hand, in the case of RC structures, there is no prediction –concerning the corrosion factor- included in the international regulations and standards. In the current study is presented an experimental procedure, concerning a RC column before and after corrosion. An estimation concerning the drop of its mechanical performance has taken place, indicating the importance of the corrosion factor. Additionally, an existing monumental masonry tower building, was subjected to seismic evaluation [4]. Both OASP and EC2 inspection methods were used. The results pointed out that, for medium–intensity earthquakes, both analytical and approximate methods are respectable and reliable.

scholarly journals The Impact of Timber Roof Framework Over Historical Masonry Structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 603 ◽  
pp. 042030
Author(s):  
Eugen Onescu ◽  
Iasmina Onescu ◽  
Marius Mosoarca
Keyword(s):  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Historical Masonry ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Acoustic Emission Health Monitoring of Historical Masonry to Evaluate Structural Integrity under Incremental Cyclic Loading

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Livitsanos ◽  
Naveen Shetty ◽  
Els Verstrynge ◽  
Martine Wevers ◽  
Danny Van Hemelrijck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Source Location ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
Historical Masonry

Historical masonry structures during the decades, were composed with a variety of brick and mortar types according to materials availability of each region and the desirable mechanical properties in each specific case. Different composition of mortars leads to another masonry behavior, and each one is suited for different structural purposes. A crucial aspect in damage evaluation of masonry structures is the analysis of long-term behavior which has a great influence on safety assessment of these structures. In this study, cement, hybrid lime cement, hydraulic lime and lime hydrate mortars were assembled with solid red clay bricks to compose four masonry walls of dimensions 515 × 376 × 90 mm. They were tested under cyclic compression loading. Acoustic Emission (AE) allowed in situ monitoring of damage progression. AE is a powerful non-destructive technique applied to identify micro and macro-defects and their temporal evolution in several materials. This technique permits to estimate a variety of characteristics during fracture propagation to obtain information on the criticality of the ongoing process. Specifically, analyzing and comparing AE parameters among the loading cycles of each wall specimen and among the different masonry compositions, an integrity assessment can be achieved. Furthermore, in each loading and unloading step, pulse velocity measurements were conducted using the AE apparatus in order to gain a velocity distribution mapping among the sensors. Each sensor was pulsed in turn, with all other sensors acting as receivers, generating a velocity matrix from one sensor to another. This provided an insight into the damage severity of masonry walls with the increasing number of loading cycles. This measurement was also necessary for refining AE source location accuracy by using either the horizontal or the vertical velocity. Two different cases were investigated. The use of one uniform velocity for the whole masonry wall and the assumption that the velocity differs in the two vertical directions due to the heterogeneity of the structure. These two cases result in differences in the quantity and the position of the localized events. Furthermore, applying direct ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements, in the direction of the width of masonry walls, another integrity investigation was feasible. The presented results further demonstrate the relationships between AE parameter-based analysis, velocity distribution and source location during cyclic compressive loading in masonry specimens. The identification of the nature of damage through the entire dataset of all sensor arrays provides a promising example for structural health monitoring applications on larger scale masonry specimens. As a conclusion, AE activity analysis proved to be a very efficient approach to evaluate fracture progress in masonry.

scholarly journals Tunnelling-induced deformation and damage on historical masonry structures

Géotechnique ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. AMOROSI ◽  
D. BOLDINI ◽  
G. DE FELICE ◽  
M. MALENA ◽  
M. SEBASTIANELLI
Keyword(s):  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Historical Masonry

Use of Structural Steel Frames for Structural Restoration of URM Historical Buildings in Seismic Areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 1750012
Author(s):  
Vail Karakale
Keyword(s):  
Structural Steel ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Steel Frames ◽  
Masonry Building ◽  
Lateral Stiffness ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Structural Restoration ◽  
Historical Masonry

Historic buildings and monuments are an important part of our cultural heritage that must be protected and their sustainability ensured, especially when earthquakes occur. In this paper, a technique that uses structural steel frames is proposed as one way of strengthening unreinforced masonry (URM) in historical buildings. The idea underpinning this technique is to reduce the earthquake displacement demand on non-ductile URM walls by attaching steel frames to the building floors from inside. These frames run parallel to the structural system of the building and are fixed at their base to the existing foundation of the building. Furthermore, they are constructed rapidly, do not occupy architectural space, save the building’s historic fabric, and can be easily replaced after an earthquake if some minor damage ensues. The proposed technique was applied to a five-story historical masonry building in Istanbul. The results of seismic performance analysis indicate that even though the building has plan irregularities, the proposed steel frames are able to effectively enhance the building’s seismic performance by reducing inter-story drifts and increasing lateral stiffness and strength.

scholarly journals Temporary Shoring System on Masonry Buildings After an Earthquake

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022109
Author(s):  
Helin Için ◽  
Görün Arun
Keyword(s):  
Ground Movement ◽  
Masonry Buildings ◽  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Shear Cracks ◽  
Door Opening ◽  
Adjacent Building ◽  
Corner Points ◽  
Historical Masonry ◽  
Earthquake Damages ◽  
System Designs

Abstract Historical masonry structures that make up the cultural assets of a country constitute the identity of the society to which it belongs. For this reason, it should be protected and should be transferred from generation to generation. Earthquakes are threatening action to masonry structures. The force generated by the ground movement may cause shear cracks in masonry structures that may lead to fragmentation and even collapse of the structure. It is necessary to know the earthquake behaviour of masonry structures to be able to apply appropriate temporary shoring system after a damage caused by earthquake in order to prevent the future damages during aftershocks. Thus, the progress of the damages in the building is prevented and it is ensured to survive until detailed investigation or restoration. However, when the applied temporary shoring system designs were examined, the environmental conditions of the building were not taken into account in any guideline on immediate shoring. In this paper, temporary shoring system for 3 traditional houses of Bey District is designed for possible earthquake damages. This district has many registered civil architectures lined side by side along very narrow streets. Some masonry buildings were changed to reinforced concrete with multiple floors. This study includes the registration status of the buildings, their location, the number of floors to be supported, the heights between floors, the height of the forces that can be brought by the adjacent building elements, the width of the street where the facade to be supported, whether there is a window or door opening in the facade to be supported etc. If there are window or door openings, the distances of the opening to the corner points of the building and the distances between the two openings has to be recorded. According to these determinations, possible damages that may occur in the buildings are defined and a temporary shoring system is designed in accordance with the buildings and the surrounding conditions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document