scholarly journals A glucose monitoring system for on line estimation in man of blood glucose concentration using a miniaturized glucose sensor implanted in the subcutaneous tissue and a wearable control unit

Diabetologia ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 658-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Poitout ◽  
D. Moatti-Sirat ◽  
G. Reach ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
G. S. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
On Line

Evaluation of a continuous glucose monitoring system in cats with diabetes mellitus

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena ME Ristic ◽  
Michael E Herrtage ◽  
Sabine MM Walti-Lauger ◽  
Linda A. Slater ◽  
David B. Church ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Continuous Glucose Monitoring System ◽  
Glucose Measurement ◽  
Glucose Curve

A continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) was evaluated in 14 cats with naturally occurring diabetes mellitus. The device measures interstitial fluid glucose continuously, by means of a sensor placed in the subcutaneous tissue. All cats tolerated the device well and a trace was obtained on 15/16 occasions. There was good correlation between the CGMS values and blood glucose concentration measured using a glucometer ( r=0.932, P<0.01). Limitations to the use of the CGMS are its working glucose range of 2.2–22.2 mmol/l (40–400 mg/dl) and the need for calibration with a blood glucose measurement at least every 12 h. When compared to a traditional blood glucose curve, the CGMS is minimally invasive, reduces the number of venepunctures necessary to assess the kinetics of insulin therapy in a patient and provides a truly continuous glucose curve.

Accuracy and precision assessment of a new blood glucose monitoring system

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Nong Ji ◽  
Li-Xin Guo ◽  
Li-Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Glucose Testing ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Accuracy And Precision

AbstractBlood glucose self-monitoring by individuals with diabetes is essential in controlling blood glucose levels. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) introduced new standards for blood glucose monitoring systems (BGMS) in 2013 (ISO 15197: 2013). The CONTOUR PLUSThis study evaluated the accuracy and precision of CONTOUR PLUS BGMS in quantitative glucose testing of capillary and venous whole blood samples obtained from 363 patients at three different hospitals.Results of fingertip and venous blood glucose measurements by the CONTOUR PLUS system were compared with laboratory reference values to determine accuracy. Accuracy was 98.1% (96.06%–99.22%) for fingertip blood tests and 98.1% (96.02%–99.21%) for venous blood tests. Precision was evaluated across a wide range of blood glucose values (5.1–17.2 mmol/L), testing three blood samples repeatedly 15 times with the CONTOUR PLUS blood glucose meter using test strips from three lots. All within-lot results met ISO criteria (i.e., SD<0.42 mmol/L for blood glucose concentration <5.55 mmol/L; CV<7.5% for blood glucose concentration ≥5.55 mmol/L). Between-lot variations were 1.5% for low blood glucose concentration, 2.4% for normal and 3.4% for high.Accuracy of both fingertip and venous blood glucose measurements by the CONTOUR PLUS system was >95%, confirming that the system meets ISO 15197: 2013 requirements.

Neonatal hyperglycemia in a preterm infant managed with a subcutaneous insulin pump

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 739-744
Author(s):  
Julia D Muzzy Williamson ◽  
Brenda Thurlow ◽  
Mohamed W Mohamed ◽  
Dacotah Yokom ◽  
Luis Casas
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Preterm Infant ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Insulin Pump ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Regular Insulin ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Subcutaneous Insulin ◽  
Neonatal Hyperglycemia

Abstract Purpose Successful use of a subcutaneous insulin pump to administer regular insulin to a preterm infant with neonatal hyperglycemia is described. Summary A 520-g female infant born at 23 weeks’ gestational age via caesarian section was noted to have elevated blood glucose concentrations ranging up to 180 mg/dL (in SI units, 10 mmol/L) on day of life (DOL) 3 and peaking on DOL 9 at 250 mg/dL (13.9 mmol/L) despite conservative glucose infusion rates. Continuous infusion of regular insulin was begun on DOL 8 and continued through DOL 44, with an average insulin infusion rate of 0.08 units/kg/h. The patient experienced blood glucose concentration lability due to multiple factors, resulting in the need for frequent and routine blood glucose concentration monitoring to minimize hypoglycemia events. On DOL 44, a subcutaneous insulin pump was placed and used to provide diluted regular insulin (25 units/mL). After 1 week, the patient’s blood glucose concentration normalized, which led to a reduction in the frequency of glucose monitoring. After 3 weeks, insulin pump use was discontinued. The patient remained euglycemic thereafter. Conclusion The use of an insulin pump resulted in decreased blood glucose checks, discontinuation of central line access, and overall better patient care.

Glucose monitoring

2011 ◽  
pp. 1861-1868 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Pickup
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Hypo Glycaemia ◽  
Interstitial Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations

Blood glucose concentrations are measured in diabetes to detect hyper- and hypo-glycaemia. Health care professionals need this information to diagnose diabetes, or states of impaired glucose tolerance, to adjust therapy and correct hyper- and hypo-glycaemia in established diabetes, to interpret signs and symptoms in patients (e.g. is confusion due to hypoglycaemia or another cause?), and to assess the risk of tissue complications developing in the future (the severity and duration of hyperglycaemia is clearly related to microvascular disease). The patient with diabetes measures blood glucose concentrations to take corrective action with food and insulin, to maintain good control, to check the safety of everyday activities (e.g. not driving when hypoglycaemic), to assess the impact of events and lifestyle and on control (exercise, diet, illness, psychological stress), and to ensure a good quality of life and the ‘peace of mind’ that knowledge of the blood glucose concentration gives. Glucose monitoring has traditionally been performed by intermittent sampling of blood glucose concentrations, either in hospital or by the patient testing their own blood glucose concentrations at home using finger-prick capillary blood samples applied to reagent strips and inserted into portable glucose meters – self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). In addition, in the last decade or so, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has entered clinical practice as a supplement to SMBG, albeit with limited uptake at present. CGM is based on the implantation of needle-type glucose sensors, or microdialysis probes, into the subcutaneous tissue for measurement of interstitial glucose concentrations.

scholarly journals Update on insulin treatment of dogs and cats with non-complicated diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
M. N. SARIDOMICHELAKIS ◽  
M. K. CHATZIS
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Insulin Dose ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Insulin Administration ◽  
Tight Control ◽  
Insulin Glargin

Diabetes mellitus is a common endocrine disease of dogs and cats. Treatment is mainly based on insulin administration and dietary modifications. The aim of this review is to provide updated information on insulin treatment of dogs and cats with non-complicated diabetes mellitus. During the last years, there has been significant progress in the management of this disease, thanks to the use of long-acting insulin preparations that do not cause pronounced fluctuations of blood glucose concentrations (insulin glargin and detemir) and because of the widespread use of home glucose monitoring by the owners of diabetic pets. Home glucose monitoring is based on capillary blood sampling from the ear pinnae or the foot pad and measurement of blood glucose concentration with a portable blood glucose meter. This can be done periodically (e.g. every week) to replace the traditional in-clinic blood glucose curve; in this case, blood glucose concentration is measured just before the morning insulin administration and then every 1-2 hours until the next dose (usually for 12 hours). Furthermore, especially for the cat, home glucose monitoring can be performed 3-5 times per day, on a daily basis, in order to safely adjust insulin dose and achieve tight control of hyperglycemia (i.e. blood glucose concentration between 50 and 200 mg dl-1 throughout the day). The combination of dietary management, of insulin glargine or detemir administration and of the tight control of hyperglycemia has substantially increased the proportion of cats that enter into temporal or permanent diabetic remission and can be further managed without insulin. Another important achievement is the use of continuous glucose monitoring systems to monitor interstitial fluid glucose concentrations. These devices can be used in the clinic and at home and they can measure glucose concentration every 5 minutes for up to 72 consecutive hours, thus facilitating optimal adjustment of insulin treatment.

scholarly journals Noninvasive blood glucose monitoring system based on near-infrared method

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1736
Author(s):  
Mustafa Ayesh Al-dhaheri ◽  
Nasr-Eddine Mekkakia-Maaza ◽  
Hassan Mouhadjer ◽  
Abdelghani Lakhdari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Calibration Model ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Analog Filter ◽  
Noninvasive Technique

Diabetes is considered one of the life-threatening diseases in the world which need continuous monitoring to avoid the complication of diabetes. There is a need to develop a non-invasive monitoring system that avoids the risk of infection problems and pain caused by invasive monitoring techniques. This paper presents a method for developing a noninvasive technique to predict the blood glucose concentration (BCG) based on the Near-infrared (NIR) light sensor. A prototype is developed using a finger sensor based on LED of 940 nm wavelength to collect photoplethysmography (PPG) signal which is variable depending on the glucose concentration variance, a module circuit to preprocess PPG signals is realized, which includes an amplifier and analog filter circuits, an Arduino UNO is used to analog-to-digital conversion. A digital Butterworth filterer is used to remove PPG signal trends, then detect the PPG data peaks to determine the relationship between the PPG signal and (BCG) and use it as input parameters to build the calibration model based on linear regression. Experiments show that the Root Mean Squares Error (RMSE) of the prediction is between 8.264mg/dL and 13.166 mg/dL, the average of RMSE is about 10.44mg/dL with a correlation coefficient (R^2) of 0.839, it is observed that the prediction of glucose concentration is in the clinically acceptable region of the standard Clark Error Grid (CEG).

A Micromachined Glucose Monitoring Sensor with Diffusion Control

2014 ◽  
Vol 609-610 ◽  
pp. 879-884
Author(s):  
Ya Xin Liu ◽  
Xiu Shan Song ◽  
Yu Feng Yao ◽  
Bo Huang ◽  
Ming Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Sensor Chip ◽  
Diffusion Control ◽  
Mems Sensor ◽  
On Line ◽  
Sensor Monitoring

Considering the long-term, flexible blood glucose monitoring demand, a sensor monitoring system for interstitial fluid (ISF) ultrafiltration sampling and on-line monitoring of blood glucose is presented. In this paper, the glucose sensor chip used in this system will be introduced in detailed. This sensor chip was developed by MEMS technique and it has the advantages of less ISF consumption, smaller structures and easier integration. Otherwise, the silicon glucose sensor chip is provided with diffusion control of the analyte through a porous silicon membrane into a silicon etched cavity containing the agarose immobilised enzyme. First, glucose monitoring principle of this sensor system will be intrudouced briefly. Then, this paper focuses on the design and fabrication of the key component, which is the MEMS sensor chip with diffusion control. Finally, experiments were carried out, and results show that the sensor chips signal response time at increasing glucose concentrations is about 5s; The linear range is large enough to cover the required broad area of blood glucose (0.2 ~ 20 mmol / L), the sensitivity is 9.76 nA/mmol.L-1, and the correlation coefficient is 0.9954. In addition, experiments results of sensor chip with different pore membrane were compared with each other. We can see that different measuring range and sensitivity can be obtained, which agrees with the theoretical analysis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document