A method for calculating the orbits of interferometer/spectroscopic binaries from combined data

OBJECTIVEA recent retrospective study of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in pediatric patients showed similar outcomes in those with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 3 and those with a score of 4 and reported a favorable long-term outcome in 11.9% of patients. Using decision tree analysis, authors of that study provided criteria to identify patients with a potentially favorable outcome. The authors of the present study sought to validate the previously described decision tree and further inform understanding of the outcomes of children with a GCS score 3 or 4 by using data from multiple institutions and machine learning methods to identify important predictors of outcome.METHODSClinical, radiographic, and outcome data on pediatric TBI patients (age < 18 years) were prospectively collected as part of an institutional TBI registry. Patients with a GCS score of 3 or 4 were selected, and the previously published prediction model was evaluated using this data set. Next, a combined data set that included data from two institutions was used to create a new, more statistically robust model using binomial recursive partitioning to create a decision tree.RESULTSForty-five patients from the institutional TBI registry were included in the present study, as were 67 patients from the previously published data set, for a total of 112 patients in the combined analysis. The previously published prediction model for survival was externally validated and performed only modestly (AUC 0.68, 95% CI 0.47, 0.89). In the combined data set, pupillary response and age were the only predictors retained in the decision tree. Ninety-six percent of patients with bilaterally nonreactive pupils had a poor outcome. If the pupillary response was normal in at least one eye, the outcome subsequently depended on age: 72% of children between 5 months and 6 years old had a favorable outcome, whereas 100% of children younger than 5 months old and 77% of those older than 6 years had poor outcomes. The overall accuracy of the combined prediction model was 90.2% with a sensitivity of 68.4% and specificity of 93.6%.CONCLUSIONSA previously published survival model for severe TBI in children with a low GCS score was externally validated. With a larger data set, however, a simplified and more robust model was developed, and the variables most predictive of outcome were age and pupillary response.

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Queens of the Desert: Convictism and Marital Attitudes across Australia

AEA Papers and Proceedings ◽

10.1257/pandp.20201120 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 110 ◽

pp. 457-462

Author(s):

Victoria Baranov ◽

Ralph De Haas ◽

Pauline Grosjean

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Social Norms ◽

Spatial Variation ◽

Survey Data ◽

Household Survey ◽

Same Sex ◽

Same Sex Marriage ◽

Founder Populations ◽

Household Survey Data ◽

Combined Data

We merge data on spatial variation in the presence of convicts across eighteenth and nineteenth century Australia with results from the country's 2017 poll on same-sex marriage and with household survey data. These combined data allow us to identify the lasting impact of convict colonization on social norms about marriage. We find that in areas with higher historical convict concentrations, more Australians recently voted in favor of same-sex marriage and hold liberal views about marriage more generally. Our results highlight how founder populations can have lasting effects on locally held social norms.

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Branching Ratios and Lifetimes of 25Mg Levels below 5.2 MeV

Canadian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1139/p74-304 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 52 (23) ◽

pp. 2329-2342 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

R. W. Ollerhead ◽

D. C. Kean ◽

R. M. Gorman ◽

M. B. Thomson

Keyword(s):

Doppler Shift ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Branching Ratios ◽

Surface Barrier ◽

Surface Barrier Detector ◽

Rotational Model ◽

Rotational Bands ◽

Barrier Detector ◽

Combined Data

All levels below 5.2 MeV in 25Mg have been studied using the reaction 25Mg(p, p′γ). In-elastically scattered protons were detected in an annular surface barrier detector located at 180°; coincidence gamma-ray spectra were obtained at Ge (Li) detector angles of 90°, 45°, and 135°. Level energies were determined from unshifted gamma-ray energies recorded in the 90° spectra. Lifetimes were obtained from the attenuated Doppler shift of gamma-ray energies recorded in spectra taken at forward and backward angles. Branching ratios were deduced from the combined data of all three angles. The identification of levels as members of rotational bands is discussed, and transition strengths deduced from the present measurements are compared with predictions of the simple rotational model.

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Are Family Firms More Levered? An Analysis of Family and Non-Family Firms

SAGE Open ◽

10.1177/21582440211022322 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 215824402110223

Author(s):

Jahanzaib Haider ◽

Abdul Qayyum ◽

Zalina Zainudin

Keyword(s):

Family Firms ◽

East Asian ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

Maturity Structure ◽

The Family ◽

Asian Economies ◽

The Board Of Directors ◽

East Asian Economies ◽

Combined Data

This study analyzes the leverage policies of the family and non-family firms of eight East Asian Economies (Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Taiwan) by using combined data of 690 family and non-family firms with 3,224 firm–years over the period 2006–2010. This study has used an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression for analyzing the data for the first question, while for the second question, logit regression has been used as the dependent variable (a binary variable). Prior research on family and non-family firms has revealed that family firms issue less (high) debt than non-family firms. Our analysis on a sample of East Asian Economies discloses that family firms have significantly different leverage levels than non-family firms, but their signs are not consistent. On the contrary, when the owner works as CEO/Chairman or member of the Board of Directors, then the family firms issue less debt than the non-family firms. Besides that, this study adds a new question that has not been addressed in the prior studies. The new question has focused on the speed of leverage adjustment. It is found that family firms and non-family firms regarding their debt maturity structure (short-term debt and long-term debt), the speed of leverage adjustments, and their decision to issue securities (i.e., debt vs. equity) are not significantly different. This study concluded that though family firms have a strong influence on each economy, but in South-East Asian countries, leverage policies of the family firms are not much different than that of non-family firms.

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Combined Analyses of Data From Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping Studies: Chromosome 4 Effects on Porcine Growth and Fatness

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/155.3.1369 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 155 (3) ◽

pp. 1369-1378 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Grant A Walling ◽

Peter M Visscher ◽

Leif Andersson ◽

Max F Rothschild ◽

Lizhen Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Wild Boar ◽

Population Data ◽

Study Data ◽

Joint Analysis ◽

Chromosome 4 ◽

European Wild Boar ◽

Mapping Populations ◽

Combined Data

Abstract For many species several similar QTL mapping populations have been produced and analyzed independently. Joint analysis of such data could be used to increase power to detect QTL and evaluate population differences. In this study, data were collated on almost 3000 pigs from seven different F2 crosses between Western commercial breeds and either the European wild boar or the Chinese Meishan breed. Genotypes were available for 31 markers on chromosome 4 (on average 8.3 markers per population). Data from three traits common to all populations (birth weight, mean backfat depth at slaughter or end of test, and growth rate from birth to slaughter or end of test) were analyzed for individual populations and jointly. A QTL influencing birth weight was detected in one individual population and in the combined data, with no significant interaction of the QTL effect with population. A QTL affecting backfat that had a significantly greater effect in wild boar than in Meishan crosses was detected. Some evidence for a QTL affecting growth rate was detected in all populations, with no significant differences between populations. This study is the largest F2 QTL analysis achieved in a livestock species and demonstrates the potential of joint analysis.

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Fatty Acid Data and Crop Surveys Indicate Sources of Red Sunflower Seed Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Populations and Suggest Strategies for Management

Environmental Entomology ◽

10.1093/ee/nvaa158 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jarrad R Prasifka ◽

Beth Ferguson ◽

James V Anderson

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Oleic Acid ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Sunflower Seed ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

High Oleic ◽

Fatty Acid Data ◽

Smicronyx Fulvus ◽

Combined Data ◽

Fatty Acid Compositions

Abstract The red sunflower seed weevil, Smicronyx fulvus L., is a univoltine seed-feeding pest of cultivated sunflower, Helianthus annuus L. Artificial infestations of S. fulvus onto sunflowers with traditional (<25% oleic acid), mid-oleic (55–75%), or high oleic (>80%) fatty acid profiles were used to test if fatty acids could be used as natural markers to estimate the proportion of weevils developing on oilseed sunflowers rather than wild Helianthus spp. and confection (non-oil) types. Oleic acid (%) in S. fulvus confirmed the fatty acid compositions of mature larvae and weevil adults reflected their diets, making primary (oleic or linoleic) fatty acids feasible as natural markers for this crop-insect combination. Oleic acid in wild S. fulvus populations in North Dakota suggests at least 84 and 90% of adults originated from mid-oleic or high oleic sunflower hybrids in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Surveys in 2017 (n = 156 fields) and 2019 (n = 120 fields) extended information provided by S. fulvus fatty acid data; no significant spatial patterns of S. fulvus damage were detected in samples, damage to oilseed sunflowers was greater than confection (non-oil) types, and the majority of damage occurred in ≈10% of surveyed fields. Combined, data suggest a few unmanaged or mismanaged oilseed sunflower fields are responsible for producing most S. fulvus in an area. Improved management seems possible with a combination of grower education and expanded use of non-insecticidal tactics, including cultural practices and S. fulvus-resistant hybrids.

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Utilizing Urban Geospatial Data to Understand Heritage Attractiveness in Amsterdam

ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information ◽

10.3390/ijgi10040198 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 198

Author(s):

Sevim Sezi Karayazi ◽

Gamze Dane ◽

Bauke de Vries

Keyword(s):

Geographically Weighted Regression ◽

Spatial Clustering ◽

Least Square ◽

Geospatial Data ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Ordinary Least Square ◽

Mass Tourism ◽

Dbscan Algorithm ◽

National Monuments ◽

Combined Data

Touristic cities are home to historical landmarks and irreplaceable urban heritages. Although tourism brings financial advantages, mass tourism creates pressure on historical cities. Therefore, “attractiveness” is one of the key elements to explain tourism dynamics. User-contributed and geospatial data provide an evidence-based understanding of people’s responses to these places. In this article, the combination of multisource information about national monuments, supporting products (i.e., attractions, museums), and geospatial data are utilized to understand attractive heritage locations and the factors that make them attractive. We retrieved geotagged photographs from the Flickr API, then employed density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm to find clusters. Then combined the clusters with Amsterdam heritage data and processed the combined data with ordinary least square (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) to identify heritage attractiveness and relevance of supporting products in Amsterdam. The results show that understanding the attractiveness of heritages according to their types and supporting products in the surrounding built environment provides insights to increase unattractive heritages’ attractiveness. That may help diminish the burden of tourism in overly visited locations. The combination of less attractive heritage with strong influential supporting products could pave the way for more sustainable tourism in Amsterdam.

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Early tracking and different types of inequalities in achievement: difference-in-differences evidence from 20 years of large-scale assessments

Educational Assessment Evaluation and Accountability ◽

10.1007/s11092-020-09346-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 139-167

Author(s):

Andrés Strello ◽

Rolf Strietholt ◽

Isa Steinmann ◽

Charlotte Siepmann

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

International Student ◽

Student Assessment ◽

Difference In Differences ◽

Seminal Paper ◽

International Student Assessment ◽

Units Of Analysis ◽

Social Achievement ◽

Mathematics And Science ◽

Combined Data

AbstractResearch to date on the effects of between-school tracking on inequalities in achievement and on performance has been inconclusive. A possible explanation is that different studies used different data, focused on different domains, and employed different measures of inequality. To address this issue, we used all accumulated data collected in the three largest international assessments—PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment), PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study), and TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study)—in the past 20 years in 75 countries and regions. Following the seminal paper by Hanushek and Wößmann (2006), we combined data from a total of 21 cycles of primary and secondary school assessments to estimate difference-in-differences models for different outcome measures. We synthesized the effects using a meta-analytical approach and found strong evidence that tracking increased social achievement gaps, that it had smaller but still significant effects on dispersion inequalities, and that it had rather weak effects on educational inadequacies. In contrast, we did not find evidence that tracking increased performance levels. Besides these substantive findings, our study illustrated that the effect estimates varied considerably across the datasets used because the low number of countries as the units of analysis was a natural limitation. This finding casts doubt on the reproducibility of findings based on single international datasets and suggests that researchers should use different data sources to replicate analyses.

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