Determination of the optimum duration and commercial efficiency of run-in testing of measuring instruments

1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1330-1333
Author(s):  
V. A. Tikhii ◽  
A. D. Krop
Keyword(s):  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Optimum Duration

METHOD FOR ESTIMATING ERRORS IN MEASURING INSTRUMENTS BY THE SPACE CATALOGUE ORBITS

2018 ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
K. V. Sorokin ◽  
E. A. Sunarchina
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
New Method ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Software Complex

Improvement of orbits precision is one of the most important tasks of space surveillance catalogue maintenance. The solution of this problem is directly related to an adequate consideration of the errors of the coordinate information from the measuring instruments. The article consideresd a new method for estimating the precision of measuring instruments on the catalog orbits. To carry out such analysis, in PJSC «VIMPEL» special technological program was created. Main results of a study of radar errors with orbits of space surveillance catalogue was presented. Also, the results were compared with data of measuring instrument's calibration software complex. This software complex provides determination of satellite's position with errors less than 10 m. A new dynamic model of measuring instrument errors is proposed.

Determination of changes of metrological characteristics of measuring instruments with time

1978 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-163
Author(s):  
I. V. Abuladze ◽  
A. I. Belyaevskii ◽  
A. A. Dzhevdet
Keyword(s):  
Metrological Characteristics ◽  
Measuring Instruments

scholarly journals Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide column retrieval from ground-based zenith–sky DOAS observations

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2417-2435 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Tack ◽  
F. Hendrick ◽  
F. Goutail ◽  
C. Fayt ◽  
A. Merlaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Retrieval Algorithm ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Reference Spectrum ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Residual Amount

Abstract. We present an algorithm for retrieving tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) vertical column densities (VCDs) from ground-based zenith–sky (ZS) measurements of scattered sunlight. The method is based on a four-step approach consisting of (1) the differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) analysis of ZS radiance spectra using a fixed reference spectrum corresponding to low NO2 absorption, (2) the determination of the residual amount in the reference spectrum using a Langley-plot-type method, (3) the removal of the stratospheric content from the daytime total measured slant column based on stratospheric VCDs measured at sunrise and sunset, and simulation of the rapid NO2 diurnal variation, (4) the retrieval of tropospheric VCDs by dividing the resulting tropospheric slant columns by appropriate air mass factors (AMFs). These steps are fully characterized and recommendations are given for each of them. The retrieval algorithm is applied on a ZS data set acquired with a multi-axis (MAX-) DOAS instrument during the Cabauw (51.97° N, 4.93° E, sea level) Intercomparison campaign for Nitrogen Dioxide measuring Instruments (CINDI) held from 10 June to 21 July 2009 in the Netherlands. A median value of 7.9 × 1015 molec cm−2 is found for the retrieved tropospheric NO2 VCDs, with maxima up to 6.0 × 1016 molec cm−2. The error budget assessment indicates that the overall error σTVCD on the column values is less than 28%. In the case of low tropospheric contribution, σTVCD is estimated to be around 39% and is dominated by uncertainties in the determination of the residual amount in the reference spectrum. For strong tropospheric pollution events, σTVCD drops to approximately 22% with the largest uncertainties on the determination of the stratospheric NO2 abundance and tropospheric AMFs. The tropospheric VCD amounts derived from ZS observations are compared to VCDs retrieved from off-axis and direct-sun measurements of the same MAX-DOAS instrument as well as to data from a co-located Système d'Analyse par Observations Zénithales (SAOZ) spectrometer. The retrieved tropospheric VCDs are in good agreement with the different data sets with correlation coefficients and slopes close to or larger than 0.9. The potential of the presented ZS retrieval algorithm is further demonstrated by its successful application on a 2-year data set, acquired at the NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) station Observatoire de Haute Provence (OHP; Southern France).

scholarly journals A Gyro-Free System for Measuring the Parameters of Moving Objects

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitar Dichev ◽  
Hristofor Koev ◽  
Totka Bakalova ◽  
Petr Louda
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Measurement Channel ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Additional Measurement ◽  
Free System ◽  
Six Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Measurement Concept

Abstract The present paper considers a new measurement concept of modeling measuring instruments for gyro-free determination of the parameters of moving objects. The proposed approach eliminates the disadvantages of the existing measuring instruments since it is based, on one hand, on a considerably simplified mechanical module, and on the other hand, on the advanced achievements in the area of nanotechnologies, microprocessor and computer equipment. A specific measuring system intended for measuring the trim, heel, roll, and pitch of a ship has been developed in compliance with the basic principles of this concept. The high dynamic accuracy of this measuring system is ensured by an additional measurement channel operating in parallel with the main channel. The operating principle of the additional measurement channel is based on an appropriate correction algorithm using signals from linear MEMS accelerometers. The presented results from the tests carried out by means of stand equipment in the form of a hexapod of six degrees of freedom prove the effectiveness of the proposed measurement concept

scholarly journals А Меаsuring Method for Gyro-Free Determination of the Parameters of Moving Objects

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitar Dichev ◽  
Hristofor Koev ◽  
Totka Bakalova ◽  
Petr Louda
Keyword(s):  
Moving Objects ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dynamic Error ◽  
Measurement Channel ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Main Concept ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Spectrum Change ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract The paper presents a new method for building measuring instruments and systems for gyro-free determination of the parameters of moving objects. To illustrate the qualities of this method, a system for measuring the roll, pitch, heel and trim of a ship has been developed on its basis. The main concept of the method is based, on one hand, on a simplified design of the base coordinate system in the main measurement channel so as to reduce the instrumental errors, and, on the other hand, on an additional measurement channel operating in parallel with the main one and whose hardware and software platform makes possible performing algorithms intended to eliminate the dynamic error in real time. In this way, as well as by using suitable adaptive algorithms in the measurement procedures, low-cost measuring systems operating with high accuracy under conditions of inertial effects and whose parameters (intensity and frequency of the maximum in the spectrum) change within a wide range can be implemented.

scholarly journals Determination of Uncertainty in Measuring Instruments in Electrical Engineering Programs

TecnoLógicas ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (46) ◽  
pp. 171-183
Author(s):  
Álvaro Espinel-Ortega ◽  
Adriana Vega-E
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Students ◽  
Electrical Engineering ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Engineering Programs ◽  
Probabilistic Knowledge ◽  
Combined Uncertainty ◽  
Few Data

When electrical engineering students start their instrumentation and measurement course, they have previously taken calculus, physics, probability, and statistics. However, they have problems to apply the knowledge they acquired to solve problems related to electrical measurements and variables in the profession, such as water flows, solar radiation, wind speed and water levels. This paper shows how to integrate all the concepts involved in the process to calculate measurement uncertainty in order to improve the way the results of measurements and/or error determination processes are described. For that purpose, this study presents an applied exercise and a methodological process by means of an example, where the value of a resistance is determined taking into account the data of voltage and current measurements and using few data. The objective is to focus the process on estimating Type A and Type B uncertainty and the factors that affect the measurement processes, such as uncertainty due to random variations of the measured signals, instrument defects, imprecision of the instruments, or their resolution. During the calculation of uncertainty proposed here, students use the probabilistic knowledge they have acquired after they determined the value of the uncertainty U from the combined uncertainty u𝑐 (R), where the coverage factor is taken into account. This allows us to learn about the importance of expressing the results with higher (+) or lower (-) values of uncertainty. In the exercise carried out in this work, R = 733.31 +/- 8.10 ohm.

scholarly journals Methods of comparative assessment of the duration of instrumental monitoring of landslide-prone areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
P. Ye. Hryhorovskyi ◽  
V. A. Basanskyi ◽  
Yu. V. Kroshka ◽  
I. V. Osadcha
Keyword(s):  
Labor Process ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Deformation Control ◽  
Actual Duration ◽  
Landslide Processes ◽  
Instrumental Monitoring ◽  
The Relationship

To predict the dynamics of landslide processes, it is necessary to have information about the change of factors of man-made and natural influences over time. An important source of such information is instrumental and geodetic monitoring. To choose an effective method and systems of instrumental monitoring, it is necessary to compare the main organizational and technological indicators (duration and labor costs) of variants of such systems. The calculation of the duration and labor costs for measuring work when observing the deformations of landslides can be determined on the basis of existing norms of uniform time norms and prices for survey work or using the trace element method of normalization of labor processes.The article presents a brief analysis of the relationship between the norm of duration of measuring works, on the example of geometric leveling of class II to determine the deposition of deformation control points (marks), determined by the current uniform norms of time and rates for survey work and the duration of the same labor process. microelement method of rationing. The list and structure of works on performance of leveling of the II class, as set of elementary labor actions (operations) so isolated and outlined that the further division is inexpedient is defined. The microelements of the labor process are singled out and their normative duration in hours is determined, obtained on the basis of the experience of operation of measuring instruments during the performance of works on determination of deposition of deformation marks.The coefficient of interrelation between the existing current norms and the actual duration of the labor process, determined by the microelement rationing method for works on geometric leveling of the II class, which allows to distinguish the actual duration of the labor process as a norm, without taking into account the duration of preparatory on holiday. The inconsistency of the current standards of measurement work with modern methods of work, equipment, features of instrumental monitoring, monitoring in compacted buildings and other types of work creates the need to determine the elements of the relationship between existing standards and the actual duration of work in modern construction.

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