Nitrosomethylurea disturbs differentiation of mouse embryonic lungs in organ cultures

It has been reported that explants of human fetal intestine can be maintained in culture for up to 21 days in a viable condition and that these organ cultures support the growth of a variety of known viral agents responsible for enteric disease. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been undertaken on several series of these explants to determine their appearance under routine culture conditions.Fresh specimens of jejunum obtained from normal human fetuses were washed, dissected into l-4mm pieces, and cultured in modified Leibowitz L-15 medium at 34° C as previously described. Serial specimens were fixed each day in 3% glutaraldehyde for 90 minutes at room temperature, rinsed, dehydrated, and dried by the CO2 critical point method in a Denton DCP-1 device. Specimens were attached to aluminum stubs with 3M transfer tape No. 465, and one sample on each stub was carefully rolled along the adhesive such that villi were broken off to expose their interiors.

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Decision letter for "Ex Vivo Organ Cultures as Models to Study Bone Biology"

10.1002/jbm4.10345/v1/decision1 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Ex Vivo ◽

Bone Biology ◽

Organ Cultures

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Utilization of L-mimosine in pulp regeneration: lessons from cell culture and tooth slice organ cultures

Bone Abstracts ◽

10.1530/boneabs.3.pp143 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Heinz-Dieter Muller ◽

Katharina Trimmel ◽

Barbara Cvikl ◽

Reinhard Gruber ◽

Hermann Agis

Keyword(s):

Cell Culture ◽

Organ Cultures ◽

Pulp Regeneration

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Impact of Environmental Factors on Stilbene Biosynthesis

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10010090 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 90

Author(s):

Alessio Valletta ◽

Lorenzo Maria Iozia ◽

Francesca Leonelli

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Biosynthetic Pathway ◽

In Planta ◽

Organ Cultures ◽

Related Plant ◽

Valuable Compounds ◽

Stilbene Compounds ◽

Stilbene Biosynthesis ◽

Abiotic Environmental Factors

Stilbenes are a small family of polyphenolic secondary metabolites that can be found in several distantly related plant species. These compounds act as phytoalexins, playing a crucial role in plant defense against phytopathogens, as well as being involved in the adaptation of plants to abiotic environmental factors. Among stilbenes, trans-resveratrol is certainly the most popular and extensively studied for its health properties. In recent years, an increasing number of stilbene compounds were subjected to investigations concerning their bioactivity. This review presents the most updated knowledge of the stilbene biosynthetic pathway, also focusing on the role of several environmental factors in eliciting stilbenes biosynthesis. The effects of ultraviolet radiation, visible light, ultrasonication, mechanical stress, salt stress, drought, temperature, ozone, and biotic stress are reviewed in the context of enhancing stilbene biosynthesis, both in planta and in plant cell and organ cultures. This knowledge may shed some light on stilbene biological roles and represents a useful tool to increase the accumulation of these valuable compounds.

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Effects of Environmental Conditions on Nephron Number: Modeling Maternal Disease and Epigenetic Regulation in Renal Development

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22084157 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (8) ◽

pp. 4157

Author(s):

Lars Fuhrmann ◽

Saskia Lindner ◽

Alexander-Thomas Hauser ◽

Clemens Höse ◽

Oliver Kretz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Conditions ◽

High Glucose ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Renal Development ◽

Organ Cultures ◽

Renal Growth ◽

Epigenetic Modifiers ◽

Metabolic Conditions ◽

Renal Size ◽

Maternal Disease

A growing body of evidence suggests that low nephron numbers at birth can increase the risk of chronic kidney disease or hypertension later in life. Environmental stressors, such as maternal malnutrition, medication and smoking, can influence renal size at birth. Using metanephric organ cultures to model single-variable environmental conditions, models of maternal disease were evaluated for patterns of developmental impairment. While hyperthermia had limited effects on renal development, fetal iron deficiency was associated with severe impairment of renal growth and nephrogenesis with an all-proximal phenotype. Culturing kidney explants under high glucose conditions led to cellular and transcriptomic changes resembling human diabetic nephropathy. Short-term high glucose culture conditions were sufficient for long-term alterations in DNA methylation-associated epigenetic memory. Finally, the role of epigenetic modifiers in renal development was tested using a small compound library. Among the selected epigenetic inhibitors, various compounds elicited an effect on renal growth, such as HDAC (entinostat, TH39), histone demethylase (deferasirox, deferoxamine) and histone methyltransferase (cyproheptadine) inhibitors. Thus, metanephric organ cultures provide a valuable system for studying metabolic conditions and a tool for screening for epigenetic modifiers in renal development.

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Regulation of tubulin by triiodothyronine in hypothyroid rat brain

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1007/bf01116995 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 643-648 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anjana Mazumder ◽

Kamal Das ◽

Pranab K. Sarkar

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Rat Brain ◽

Brain Maturation ◽

Normal Brain ◽

Neonatal Brain ◽

Organ Cultures ◽

Postnatal Brain ◽

Enhanced Sensitivity ◽

Brain Exposure ◽

Developing Rat

The effect of T3 (triiodothyronine) on the induction of tubulin in hypothyroid developing rat brain has been examined using organ cultures of brains from late fetal, neonatal and postnatalrats. The neonatal brain displayed maximum sensitivity to T3. Hypothyroidism resulted in a 26% decline in the level of tubulin in the neonatal brain as opposed to a 5–15% decline in the fetal or postnatal brain. Exposure of the hypothyroi d neonatal brain to T3 for 2 h in culture led to a 61% rise in the level of tubulin in contrast to a 41% increase seen in the case of normal brain. Total protein synthesis was not significantly affected. The preferential decline of tubulin in the neonatal hypothyroid brain, its enhanced sensitivity to T3 compared to normal brain, and the coincidence of the period of sensitivity to that of brain maturation indicate that the regulation of the level of tubulin by T3 in the developing brain is a natural ontogenic phenomenon.

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Use of spleen organ cultures to monitor hemopoietic progenitor cell regeneration following irradiation and marrow transplantation

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v56.5.917.917 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. 917-922 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

H von Melchner ◽

D Metcalf ◽

TE Mandel

Keyword(s):

Marrow Transplantation ◽

Progenitor Cell ◽

Cell Regeneration ◽

Organ Cultures ◽

Regenerative Capacity ◽

C57bl Mice ◽

Lethal Irradiation ◽

Total Cellularity ◽

Hemopoietic Progenitor ◽

Splenic Regeneration

Abstract After lethal irradiation of C57BL mice followed by the injection of 10(7) marrow cells, total cellularity and progenitor cell levels exceeded pretreatment levels within 12 days in the spleen, but regeneration remained incomplete in the marrow. The exceptional regenerative capacity of progenitor populations in the spleen was observed in organ cultures of spleen slices prepared 24 hr after irradiation and transplantation, excluding continuous repopulation from the marrow as a significant factor in splenic regeneration.

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