A Study of the relationship of late blight resistance to glycoalkaloid content in fifteen potato clones

1973 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 248-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Deahl ◽  
R. J. Young ◽  
S. L. Sinden
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Glycoalkaloid Content ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals (2) A Unique Late-blight Resistance Locus from Solanum pinnatisectum

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 998B-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica J. Norby ◽  
Michael J. Havey
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Avirulence Gene ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Endosperm Balance Number ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Cultivated Potato ◽  
The Relationship

Phytophthorainfestans is the casual agent of late blight and is a major threat to potato production worldwide. There are no curative control agents available and resistance genes offer promise in controlling late blight. To date, the primary source of late-blight resistance has been from hexaploid (6x) [4 Endosperm Balance Number (EBN)] Solanum demissum. Mexican diploid (2x) (1EBN) Solanum species possess a wealth of late-blight resistances, but have been neglected due to crossing barriers. Manipulation of EBN and ploidies should allow integration of 2x (1EBN) germplasm into cultivated potato. Synteny between late-blight resistance loci from Solanum species of disparate ploidies and EBNs may facilitate the identification of unique resistance alleles and loci. Isolate MSU96 (US8/A2) of P. infestans revealed a late-blight resistance locus (Rpi1) from 2x(1EBN) S. pinnatisectum (PI 253214) that mapped to chromosome seven (MGG 265:977-985). MSU96 was also avirulent on the late-blight differential R9-Hodgson 2573 (LB3), revealing the presence of the avirulence gene for R9 originating from S. demissum. To test the relationship between Rpi1 and R9, we evaluated a family segregating for R9 and revealed that it does not map to chromosome seven. The independent inheritance of R9 and Rpi1 indicates that Rpi1 is a unique resistance locus. We are conducting a variety of crossing schemes to introgress Rpi1 into cultivated potato.

scholarly journals Mutations introduced in susceptibility genes through CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing confer increased late blight resistance in potatoes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam Phuong Kieu ◽  
Marit Lenman ◽  
Eu Sheng Wang ◽  
Bent Larsen Petersen ◽  
Erik Andreasson
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Susceptibility Genes ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Guide Rnas ◽  
Knockout Mutants ◽  
Growth Phenotype ◽  
Allelic Deletion ◽  
S Genes

AbstractThe use of pathogen-resistant cultivars is expected to increase yield and decrease fungicide use in agriculture. However, in potato breeding, increased resistance obtained via resistance genes (R-genes) is hampered because R-gene(s) are often specific for a pathogen race and can be quickly overcome by the evolution of the pathogen. In parallel, susceptibility genes (S-genes) are important for pathogenesis, and loss of S-gene function confers increased resistance in several plants, such as rice, wheat, citrus and tomatoes. In this article, we present the mutation and screening of seven putative S-genes in potatoes, including two DMR6 potato homologues. Using a CRISPR/Cas9 system, which conferred co-expression of two guide RNAs, tetra-allelic deletion mutants were generated and resistance against late blight was assayed in the plants. Functional knockouts of StDND1, StCHL1, and DMG400000582 (StDMR6-1) generated potatoes with increased resistance against late blight. Plants mutated in StDND1 showed pleiotropic effects, whereas StDMR6-1 and StCHL1 mutated plants did not exhibit any growth phenotype, making them good candidates for further agricultural studies. Additionally, we showed that DMG401026923 (here denoted StDMR6-2) knockout mutants did not demonstrate any increased late blight resistance, but exhibited a growth phenotype, indicating that StDMR6-1 and StDMR6-2 have different functions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the mutation and screening of putative S-genes in potatoes, including two DMR6 potato homologues.

Development of the gene-based SCARs for the Ph-3 locus, which confers late blight resistance in tomato

2013 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Younghoon Park ◽  
Jihyun Hwang ◽  
Kwanghwan Kim ◽  
Jumsoon Kang ◽  
Byungsup Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Blight Resistance

Review article: Complexity of late blight resistance in potato and its potential in cultivar improvement

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hajianfar ◽  
Zs. Polgár ◽  
I. Wolf ◽  
A. Takács ◽  
I. Cernák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Cultivar Improvement

scholarly journals Virulence of Phytophthora infestans isolates from potato in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 279-288
Author(s):  
Jose Ignacio Ruiz de Galarreta ◽  
Alba Alvarez-Morezuelas ◽  
Nestor Alor ◽  
Leire Barandalla ◽  
Enrique Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Pathogen Populations ◽  
Incompatibility Reactions

The oomycete Phytophthora infestans is responsible for the disease known as late blight in potato and tomato. It is the plant pathogen that has caused the greatest impact on humankind so far and, despite all the studies that have been made, it remains the most important in this crop. In Spain during the last years a greater severity of the disease has been observed in both, potato and tomato, probably due to genetic changes in pathogen populations described recently. The aim of this study was the characterization of the physiological strains of 52 isolates of P. infestans obtained in different potato-growing areas in Spain. For this purpose, inoculations on detached leaves were performed in order to determine compatibility or incompatibility reactions. A total of 17 physiological races were found. The less frequent virulence factors were Avr5 and Avr8. By studying the epidemiology of the pathogen, a specific breeding program for late blight resistance can be implemented.

Late blight resistance of five mexican potato cultivars in the eastern sierra of the state of méxico

2007 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateo Armando Cadena-Hinojosa ◽  
Margarita Díaz-Valasis ◽  
Remigio A. Guzmán-Plazola ◽  
Sylvia Fernández-Pavía ◽  
Niklaus J. Grünwald
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
The State ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Blight Resistance

Transcriptome analysis of scions grafted to potato rootstock for improving late blight resistance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuexin Li ◽  
Degang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Potato Late Blight ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Expression Levels

Abstract Background: Late blight seriously threatens potato cultivation worldwide. The severe and widespread damage caused by the fungal pathogen can lead to drastic decreases in potato yield. Although grafting technology has been widely used to improve crop resistance, the effects of grafting on potato late blight resistance as well as the associated molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, we performed RNA transcriptome sequencing analysis and the late blight resistance testing of the scion when the potato late blight-resistant variety Qingshu 9 and the susceptible variety Favorita were used as the rootstock and scion, respectively, and vice versa. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the rootstock on scion disease resistance and to clarify the related molecular mechanisms.Results: A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the expression levels of genes related to plant–pathogen interactions, plant mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, and plant hormone signal transduction pathways were significantly up-regulated in the scion when Qingshu 9 was used as the rootstock. These genes included late blight response genes encoding calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), chitin elicitor receptor kinases (CERKs), LRR receptor serine/threonine protein kinases (LRR-LRKs), NPR family proteins in the salicylic acid synthesis pathway, and MAPKs. When Favorita was used as the rootstock, the expression levels of the late blight response genes were not up-regulated in the Qingshu 9 scion, but the expression levels of the genes related to proline metabolism, fatty acid chain elongation, and diterpenoid biosynthesis pathways were down-regulated. Resistance results showed that self-grafting of the susceptible variety and grafting with the resistant variety as the rootstock increased the resistance of the susceptible scion to late blight. However, the resistance was stronger after grafting with the resistant variety as the rootstock. Using the susceptible variety as the rootstock decreased the late blight resistance of the resistant scion.Conclusions: Our results showed that changes to the expression of disease resistance genes in the scion after grafting are associated with late blight resistance. The results provide the basis for exploring the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of rootstocks on scion disease resistance.

Evaluation of CIP Potato Germplasm for Late Blight Resistance During Summer Season in Sharan, Kaghan Valley

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-196
Author(s):  
Khalid Farooq . ◽  
M. Masud Mahmood . ◽  
Raham Sher . ◽  
Duri Iman Khan . ◽  
Asif-ur-Rehman Khan .
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Potato Germplasm

scholarly journals Detection of Novel QTLs for Late Blight Resistance Derived from the Wild Potato Species Solanum microdontum and Solanum pampasense

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 732
Author(s):  
Fergus Meade ◽  
Ronald Hutten ◽  
Silke Wagener ◽  
Vanessa Prigge ◽  
Emmet Dalton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Wild Potato ◽  
Wild Potato Species ◽  
Potato Species ◽  
Solanum Microdontum

Wild potato species continue to be a rich source of genes for resistance to late blight in potato breeding. Whilst many dominant resistance genes from such sources have been characterised and used in breeding, quantitative resistance also offers potential for breeding when the loci underlying the resistance can be identified and tagged using molecular markers. In this study, F1 populations were created from crosses between blight susceptible parents and lines exhibiting strong partial resistance to late blight derived from the South American wild species Solanum microdontum and Solanum pampasense. Both populations exhibited continuous variation for resistance to late blight over multiple field-testing seasons. High density genetic maps were created using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, enabling mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for late blight resistance that were consistently expressed over multiple years in both populations. In the population created with the S. microdontum source, QTLs for resistance consistently expressed over three years and explaining a large portion (21–47%) of the phenotypic variation were found on chromosomes 5 and 6, and a further resistance QTL on chromosome 10, apparently related to foliar development, was discovered in 2016 only. In the population created with the S. pampasense source, QTLs for resistance were found in over two years on chromosomes 11 and 12. For all loci detected consistently across years, the QTLs span known R gene clusters and so they likely represent novel late blight resistance genes. Simple genetic models following the effect of the presence or absence of SNPs associated with consistently effective loci in both populations demonstrated that marker assisted selection (MAS) strategies to introgress and pyramid these loci have potential in resistance breeding strategies.

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