Water and nitrate fluxes at a forest site in the North Tyrolean Limestone Alps

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (S2) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Feichtinger ◽  
Stefan Smidt ◽  
Eduard Klaghofer
Keyword(s):  
Forest Site ◽  
The North ◽  
Limestone Alps

Gaseous nitrogen losses from a forest site in the North Tyrolean Limestone Alps

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (S2) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Härtel ◽  
Sophie Zechmeister-Boltenstern ◽  
Martin Gerzabek
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Losses ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Gaseous Nitrogen ◽  
The North ◽  
Limestone Alps

Changes in Vegetation Condition and Surface Fluxes during NAME 2004

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1810-1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Watts ◽  
Russell L. Scott ◽  
Jaime Garatuza-Payan ◽  
Julio C. Rodriguez ◽  
John H. Prueger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
North American ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Surface Fluxes ◽  
North American Monsoon ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
The North ◽  
Dry Spell

Abstract The vegetation in the core region of the North American monsoon (NAM) system changes dramatically after the onset of the summer rains so that large changes may be expected in the surface fluxes of radiation, heat, and moisture. Most of this region lies in the rugged terrain of western Mexico and very few measurements of these fluxes have been made in the past. Surface energy balance measurements were made at seven sites in Sonora, Mexico, and Arizona during the intensive observation period (IOP) of the North American Monsoon Experiment (NAME) in summer 2004 to better understand how land surface vegetation change alters energy flux partitioning. Satellite data were used to obtain time series for vegetation indices and land surface temperature for these sites. The results were analyzed to contrast conditions before the onset of the monsoon with those afterward. As expected, precipitation during the 2004 monsoon was highly variable from site to site, but it fell in greater quantities at the more southern sites. Likewise, large changes in the vegetation index were observed, especially for the subtropical sites in Sonora. However, the changes in the broadband albedo were very small, which was rather surprising. The surface net radiation was consistent with the previous observations, being largest for surfaces that are transpiring and cool, and smallest for surfaces that are dry and hot. The largest evaporation rates were observed for the subtropical forest and riparian vegetation sites. The evaporative fraction for the forest site was highly correlated with its vegetation index, except during the dry spell in August. This period was clearly detected in the land surface temperature data, which rose steadily in this period to a maximum at its end.

Nitrogen fluxes on an intensive investigation plot in the North Tyrolean limestone Alps

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (S2) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedl Herman ◽  
Stefan Smidt ◽  
Michael Englisch ◽  
Manfred Gärtner ◽  
Robert Jandl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fluxes ◽  
The North ◽  
Limestone Alps ◽  
Intensive Investigation

scholarly journals Seasonal Growth of Scots Pine under the Conditions of Water-Logged Soils of the North

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-100
Author(s):  
Liliya V. Zarubina ◽  
◽  
Renat S. Khamitov
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
The North ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Pine Trees

The seasonal rhythm of height growth of young shoots of Scots pine growing in a 33-year-old shrubby-sphagnum pine forest of the northern taiga natural-climatic zone has been studied in a complex with the main physiological processes. The possibility of regulating their intensity by additional introduction of nitrogen fertilizer has been determined. It has been found that on hydromorphic excessively wet soils of the North, seasonal height growth of pine occurs with a maximum rate in late June and early July, when air temperature rises and the root system is released from excessive moisture. Unlike lichen pine forests, in which pine roots are not affected by flooding, on hydromorphic peat soils pine grows much slower and during the growing season has less intensive physiological processes. The low rate of shoot growth and physiological processes in pine in sphagnum forest site conditions is explained by dysfunction of its root system as a result of soil anoxia caused by flooding, as well as by insufficient supply of growing shoots with acronutrients from the crown as a result of violation of their normal outflow and movement in the tree. Nitrogen fertilizers positively affect growth and physiological processes in pine trees in sphagnum forest types. However, their effect in these forest site conditions is much weaker than in the dry lichen forests of the Far North. On water-logged peat soils under the influence of nitrogen fertilizer seasonal height growth of pine trees increases by 20 %, the duration of seasonal shoot growth increases by 8–10 days, the intensity of photosynthesis increases significantly, and, as a result of reduced water onsumption for transpiration, the tree water regime normalizes and the transpiration productivity increases. These positive nitrogen-induced changes ultimately improve the viability and productivity of sphagnum pine forests. For citation: Zarubina L.V., Khamitov R.S. Seasonal Growth of Scots Pine under the Conditions of Water-Logged Soils of the North. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 3, pp. 86–100. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-3-86-100

scholarly journals On Dryopteris site type forests in Estonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Jaanus Paal ◽  
Iti Jürjendal
Keyword(s):  
Forest Site ◽  
Mutual Relationship ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Site Type ◽  
The North ◽  
Talus Slopes ◽  
Forest Typology ◽  
Site Types

Abstract Fern-rich forest communities are presented in Estonia in mesic or moderately humid nutrient-rich habitats, in areas of drained mire forests, on floodplains and lower parts of talus slopes of the North-Estonian limestone escarpment (klint). In the recent official forest typology only one site type has been distinguished and labelled by the ferns: the Dryopteris site type in the scope of boreo-nemoral forests. The aims of the current study were (i) to clarify whether distinguishing between two fern-rich forest site types, one among the full-drained forests group and another in the boreo-nemoral forests group, is reasonable, and if so, then (ii) what the main characteristics of both considered forest site types are, (iii) what the main environmental factors determining the structure of these communities are, and (iv) what the mutual relationship between those forests and other fern-rich forest communities is. Our results asserted a distinct difference between the full-drained and undrained Dryopteris site type forests distinguished by the former scholars. The undrained boreo-nemoral fern-rich stands have developed in the same place in harmony with habitat conditions, while drained forests have significantly changed. It seems that despite some vagueness due to long-lasting post-drainage succession, it is nevertheless justified to recognise the fern-rich drained stands in Estonian forest typology as representing an autonomous forest site type in the group of full-drained forests. To avoid confusion in nomenclature, in the future, the undrained fern-rich boreo-nemoral forests site type could be named according to the most conspicuous indicator species as the Athyrium (filix-femina) site type and fern-rich stands on full-drained peat soils as the Dryopteris (expansa) site type.

scholarly journals Determination of the soil water repellency of the Mediterranean climate by the use of the mini disk infiltrometer. Case of the micro basin of Tifiles, Tenes, Algeria.

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-497
Author(s):  
Abderrahmane Kessaissia ◽  
Mohamed Mazour
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Soil Water Repellency ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Measured Sample

The soil repellency is one of some soil propriety that can be use to indicate the quality of the soil and give a number of information for the soil conservation and the water management. This study show an example of the determination of this parameter in three sites (forest site, after fire forest site and mixed site) by the use of the mini disk infiltrometer test (MDIT) in the small watershed of wadi Tifiles situated in the North West of Algeria that is characterized by a Mediterranean climate. The result show that the water repellency affect namely the after fire forest site which can be equal to 100% of the measured sample flowed by the mixed soil by 93% and the forest site by 80%.

scholarly journals Maurice Lugeon 1870-1953

1954 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-173 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Border Zone ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
Home Town ◽  
North Shore ◽  
The North ◽  
Limestone Alps ◽  
The Alps ◽  
East End ◽  
Western Portion

Maurice Lugeon was born on 10 July 1870, at Poissy near Paris; but from 1876 onwards his home-town was Lausanne on the Swiss, that is the north, shore of the Lake of Geneva. Here he died on 23 October 1953 , after several months of illness. Lugeon has emphasized that two names, Chablais among places and Bertrand among persons, played a particularly important role in his life. Chablais is the district of France which faces Lausanne across the Lake of Geneva. Bertrand is the ever popular hero of French geology—Lugeon has styled him the ‘Confucius of tectonics’, that is of earth structure . Chablais is mainly occupied by the south-western portion of what geologists call the Prealps, or more specifically the Prealpes romandes. Geographically these Prealps furnish an ill-defined and local border-zone to the Alps as a whole. Running north-eastwards, they leave French territory near the east end of Lake Geneva to continue through Switzerland to the Lake of Thun. Their total length is 120 km, and maximum breadth 40 km. To the north-west the Swiss Plain spreads out before them, mostly well below 1000 m, whereas their own summits often reach above 2000 m, while those of the High Limestone Alps immediately to the south-east rise clad in snow to over 3000 m (Dent du Midi, Diablerets, Wildhorn, Wildstrubel).

Investor-State Dispute Settlement under NAFTA Chapter 11: The Shape of Things to Come?

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 263-290
Author(s):  
J. Anthony VanDuzer
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
The North ◽  
State Behaviour ◽  
Nafta Chapter 11 ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Right

SummaryRecently, there has been a proliferation of international agreements imposing minimum standards on states in respect of their treatment of foreign investors and allowing investors to initiate dispute settlement proceedings where a state violates these standards. Of greatest significance to Canada is Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement, which provides both standards for state behaviour and the right to initiate binding arbitration. Since 1996, four cases have been brought under Chapter 11. This note describes the Chapter 11 process and suggests some of the issues that may arise as it is increasingly resorted to by investors.

Long-term Cyclic Variations of Prominences, Green and Red Coronae over Solar Cycles

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Vojtech Rušin ◽  
Milan Minarovjech ◽  
Milan Rybanský
Keyword(s):  
Emission Lines ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Green Line ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
The South ◽  
Coronal Emission ◽  
Local Maxima ◽  
The North ◽  
Cyclic Variations

AbstractLong-term cyclic variations in the distribution of prominences and intensities of green (530.3 nm) and red (637.4 nm) coronal emission lines over solar cycles 18–23 are presented. Polar prominence branches will reach the poles at different epochs in cycle 23: the north branch at the beginning in 2002 and the south branch a year later (2003), respectively. The local maxima of intensities in the green line show both poleward- and equatorward-migrating branches. The poleward branches will reach the poles around cycle maxima like prominences, while the equatorward branches show a duration of 18 years and will end in cycle minima (2007). The red corona shows mostly equatorward branches. The possibility that these branches begin to develop at high latitudes in the preceding cycles cannot be excluded.

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