Calculating Colour Distance on Choropleth Maps with Sequential Colours — A Case Study with ColorBrewer 2.0

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alžběta Brychtová ◽  
Arzu Çötekin
Keyword(s):  
Choropleth Maps ◽  
Colour Distance

scholarly journals Assessing the Distribution of Elderly Requiring Care: A Case Study on the Residents in Barcelona and the Impact of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7486
Author(s):  
Enrique Arvelo ◽  
Jesica de Armas ◽  
Monserrat Guillen
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Living ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
The Public ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Choropleth Maps ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

In this work, we establish a methodological framework to analyze the care demand for elderly citizens in any area with a large proportion of elderly population, and to find connections to the cumulative incidence of COVID-19. Thanks to this analysis, it is possible to detect deficiencies in the public elderly care system, identify the most disadvantaged areas in this sense, and reveal convenient information to improve the system. The methods used in each step of the framework belong to data analytics: choropleth maps, clustering analysis, principal component analysis, or linear regression. We applied this methodology to Barcelona to analyze the distribution of the demand for elderly care services. Thus, we obtained a deeper understanding of how the demand for elderly care is dispersed throughout the city. Considering the characteristics that were likely to impact the demand for homecare in the neighborhoods, we clearly identified five groups of neighborhoods with different profiles and needs. Additionally, we found that the number of cases in each neighborhood was more correlated to the number of elderly people in the neighborhood than it was to the number of beds in assisted living or day care facilities in the neighborhood, despite the negative impact of COVID-19 cases on the reputation of this kind of center.

The performance of spatial interpolation methods and choropleth maps to estimate properties at points: A soil survey case study

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Brus ◽  
J.J. De Gruijter ◽  
B.A. Marsman ◽  
R. Visschers ◽  
A.K. Bregt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Interpolation ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Interpolation Methods ◽  
Choropleth Maps ◽  
Spatial Interpolation Methods

scholarly journals A missing link in cartographic visualization? A case study of “heat maps” effectiveness

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Tomasz Panecki ◽  
Wojciech Pokojski
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Data Types ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Heat Map ◽  
Heat Maps ◽  
Map Reading ◽  
Choropleth Maps ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Choropleth Map

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> For several years, especially in Internet cartography, we have been observing the increase in the popularity of so-called "heat maps". It is a visualization method of “geospatial data on a map by using different colours to represent areas with different concentrations of points &amp;ndash; showing overall shape and concentration trends” (Yeap and Uy 2014). Such maps are used primarily when topographic presentation of the phenomenon is impossible due to its high concentration or too small graphical capacity of the map. It is important, however, that “heat map” shows the phenomenon within its natural spatial context, and thus does not limit the presentation only to the statistical boundaries as choropleth maps do. “Heat maps” have not yet been thoroughly studied within theoretical cartography (Netek et al. 2018) and neither their effectiveness has been measured in the context of varieties of this method (generalization, colour schemes, transparency, basemap, etc.).</p><p>The aim of the paper is twofold. Firstly, to propose a coherent definition of this presentation method, as well as to place it among other, yet well-established methods such as isolines, choropleth maps, dasimetric maps and dot maps. It is also important to discuss this method in the context of the input data, types of data transformation (e.g. methods for estimating the density of the phenomenon), the applied colour schemes and generalization.</p><p>Secondly, a part of empirical study will be presented in the context of “heat maps” effectiveness. It will be taking under consideration such variables as generalization (4 different kernel radius values calculated in pixels) and type of method (“heat map”, choropleth map, dot map and single symbol map). 7 maps were thusly elaborated along with 7 questions based on different interaction primitives such as: compare, retrieve value, cluster or identify (R. Roth 2013) which gives an overall matrix of 49 map sets. Also, questions are designed in order to reflect two level of map reading: general and detailed. Correctness and time of answers are measured as depended variables. Moreover, after each question participants assess its difficulty and at the end of the questionnaire they are asked about their preferences (in terms of different “heat map” radii and methods) which allows to compare them with the results of the effectiveness study. Such elaborated empirical study will let us answer questions related with “heat map” effectiveness when comparing different radii and different methods.</p>

The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

Dual systems for all: Higher-order, role-based relational reasoning as a uniquely derived feature of human cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Reasoning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Important Case ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Relational Reasoning ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Role Based

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.

Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Van Bergen ◽  
John Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Memory Development ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

Construction of plastic contact deformation maps on ceramics: a case study on aluminum nitride

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 636-637
Author(s):  
D. L. Callahan
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Aluminum Nitride ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bright Field Image ◽  
Perfectly Plastic ◽  
Contrast Analysis ◽  
Deformation Patterns

Modern polishing, precision machining and microindentation techniques allow the processing and mechanical characterization of ceramics at nanometric scales and within entirely plastic deformation regimes. The mechanical response of most ceramics to such highly constrained contact is not predictable from macroscopic properties and the microstructural deformation patterns have proven difficult to characterize by the application of any individual technique. In this study, TEM techniques of contrast analysis and CBED are combined with stereographic analysis to construct a three-dimensional microstructure deformation map of the surface of a perfectly plastic microindentation on macroscopically brittle aluminum nitride.The bright field image in Figure 1 shows a lg Vickers microindentation contained within a single AlN grain far from any boundaries. High densities of dislocations are evident, particularly near facet edges but are not individually resolvable. The prominent bend contours also indicate the severity of plastic deformation. Figure 2 is a selected area diffraction pattern covering the entire indentation area.

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