Physical mapping of QTL associated with agronomic and end-use quality traits in spring wheat under conventional and organic management systems

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain quality is determined by multiple physical and chemical attributes. However, previous studies mainly focused on protein quantity and composition, which may not be adequate for understanding grain quality, especially end-use quality. Field experiments were conducted at two locations for two years to better understand how and to what extent water and nitrogen (N) availability affect flour end-use quality. Four drought stress levels (i.e., mild, moderate, severe, and well-watered) and four N rates (i.e., zero, low, medium, and high) were applied to two spring wheat cultivars (i.e., Dayn and Egan). Evaluated end-use quality traits, including milling quality, mixograph parameters, flour protein and gluten contents, solvent retention capacity (SRC), and baking quality. Most end-use quality parameters were not significantly different between the well-watered treatment and mild drought stress in both cultivars. Nitrogen availability above the low rate (168 kg N ha−1) failed to further improve most end-use quality traits in either cultivar. Among all the end-use quality traits, lactic acid SRC may be a reliable indicator of flour end-use quality. These results indicate that mild drought stress (i.e., a 25% reduction in irrigation throughout the growing season) may not negatively affect end-use quality and excessive N fertilization offers minimal improvement in end-use quality. Such information could facilitate the development of irrigation and fertilization guidelines targeting at grain quality.

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Physical Mapping of QTL in Four Spring Wheat Populations under Conventional and Organic Management Systems. I. Earliness

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10050853 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 853

Author(s):

Kassa Semagn ◽

Muhammad Iqbal ◽

Hua Chen ◽

Enid Perez-Lara ◽

Darcy H. Bemister ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Physical Map ◽

Interval Mapping ◽

Snp Markers ◽

Genetic Maps ◽

Management Systems ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Phenotypic Data ◽

Organic Management ◽

Hard Red Spring Wheat

In previous studies, we reported quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with the heading, flowering, and maturity time in four hard red spring wheat recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations but the results are scattered in population-specific genetic maps, which is challenging to exploit efficiently in breeding. Here, we mapped and characterized QTL associated with these three earliness traits using the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) RefSeq v2.0 physical map. Our data consisted of (i) 6526 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and two traits evaluated at five conventionally managed environments in the ‘Cutler’ × ‘AC Barrie’ population; (ii) 3158 SNPs and two traits evaluated across three organic and seven conventional managements in the ‘Attila’ × ‘CDC Go’ population; (iii) 5731 SilicoDArT and SNP markers and the three traits evaluated at four conventional and organic management systems in the ‘Peace’ × ‘Carberry’ population; and (iv) 1058 SNPs and two traits evaluated across two conventionally and organically managed environments in the ‘Peace’ × ‘CDC Stanley’ population. Using composite interval mapping, the phenotypic data across all environments, and the IWGSC RefSeq v2.0 physical maps, we identified a total of 44 QTL associated with days to heading (11), flowering (10), and maturity (23). Fifteen of the 44 QTL were common to both conventional and organic management systems, and the remaining QTL were specific to either the conventional (21) or organic (8) management systems. Some QTL harbor known genes, including the Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Rht-A1, and Rht-B1 that regulate photoperiodism, flowering time, and plant height in wheat, which lays a solid basis for cloning and further characterization.

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Genome-based prediction of agronomic traits in spring wheat under conventional and organic management systems

Theoretical and Applied Genetics ◽

10.1007/s00122-021-03982-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kassa Semagn ◽

Muhammad Iqbal ◽

José Crossa ◽

Diego Jarquin ◽

Reka Howard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Management Systems ◽

Organic Management

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Identification of genotyping-by-sequencing sequence tags associated with milling performance and end-use quality traits in hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Journal of Cereal Science ◽

10.1016/j.jcs.2017.07.007 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 77 ◽

pp. 73-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jeffrey D. Boehm ◽

M. Itria Ibba ◽

Alecia M. Kiszonas ◽

Deven R. See ◽

Daniel Z. Skinner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Genotyping By Sequencing ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽

Milling Performance ◽

End Use

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Seeding Rate Effects on Hybrid Spring Wheat Yield, Yield Components and Quality

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11061240 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1240

Author(s):

Peder K. Schmitz ◽

Joel K. Ransom

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Yield Components ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Yield Component ◽

Economic Feasibility ◽

Protein Yield ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽

End Use

Agronomic practices, such as planting date, seeding rate, and genotype, commonly influence hard red spring wheat (HRSW, Triticum aestivum L. emend. Thell.) production. Determining the agronomic optimum seeding rate (AOSR) of newly developed hybrids is needed as they respond to seeding rates differently from inbred cultivars. The objectives of this research were to determine the AOSR of new HRSW hybrids, how seeding rate alters their various yield components, and whether hybrids offer increased end-use quality, compared to conventional cultivars. The performance of two cultivars (inbreds) and five hybrids was evaluated in nine North Dakota environments at five seeding rates in 2019−2020. Responses to seeding rate for yield and protein yield differed among the genotypes. The AOSR ranged from 3.60 to 5.19 million seeds ha−1 and 2.22 to 3.89 million seeds ha−1 for yield and protein yield, respectively. The average AOSR for yield for the hybrids was similar to that of conventional cultivars. However, the maximum protein yield of the hybrids was achieved at 0.50 million seeds ha−1 less than that of the cultivars tested. The yield component that explained the greatest proportion of differences in yield as seeding rates varied was kernels spike−1 (r = 0.17 to 0.43). The end-use quality of the hybrids tested was not superior to that of the conventional cultivars, indicating that yield will likely be the determinant of the economic feasibility of any future released hybrids.

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Environment characterization and genomic prediction for end‐use quality traits in soft white winter wheat

The Plant Genome ◽

10.1002/tpg2.20128 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Meriem Aoun ◽

Arron Carter ◽

Yvonne A. Thompson ◽

Brian Ward ◽

Craig F. Morris

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Genomic Prediction ◽

Quality Traits ◽

End Use

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Evaluating milling and baking quality associated with a Fusarium head blight resistance-enhancing genome deletion in wheat

Cereal Research Communications ◽

10.1007/s42976-020-00122-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

David F. Garvin ◽

Linda Dykes

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Isogenic Line ◽

Head Blight ◽

Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽

Baking Quality ◽

Wide Range ◽

End Use

AbstractWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding involves improvement of a wide range of traits. However, selection for these traits is only acceptable if the end use quality of the wheat is not compromised. In hard red spring wheat, the predominant end use of flour is bread. In this study, milling and baking quality characteristics were compared in the hard red spring wheat ‘Apogee’ and a near-isogenic line of Apogee (‘A30’) that contains a spontaneous segmental deletion of the long arm of chromosome arm 3DL that is associated with enhanced resistance to Fusarium head blight caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum (Schwabe). Apogee and A30 were grown together in replicated greenhouse experiments, and the resultant grain was used to compare a diverse spectrum of grain characteristics and milling and baking properties of the grain in the two wheat genotypes. The major difference detected was a significant increase in protein content in A30, which had nearly 21% more flour protein than Apogee. This difference did not affect any of the flour properties or baking characteristics evaluated, suggesting that the increased protein concentrations in A30 are not associated with the principal seed storage properties associated with baking quality. These results indicate that despite the size of the deletion in A30, no key genes associated with end use quality are located on that chromosome segment. The deletion may therefore find use in efforts to enhance Fusarium head blight in hard red spring wheat.

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Biggar red spring wheat

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps91-073 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 71 (2) ◽

pp. 519-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

R. M. DePauw ◽

K. R. Preston ◽

T. F. Townley-Smith ◽

E. A. Hurd ◽

G. E. McCrystal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Yield Potential ◽

High Yield ◽

Flour Milling ◽

Wide Adaptation ◽

Cultivar Description ◽

End Use ◽

Milling Properties

Biggar red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) combines high grain yield potential with semidwarf stature and wide adaptation. Biggar has improved end-use suitability relative to HY320 such as harder kernels, better flour milling properties, greater water absorption, and stronger gluten properties. It received registration No. 3089 and is eligible for grades of Canada Prairie Spring (red). Key words: Triticum aestivum, wheat (spring), high yield, cultivar description

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