Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes eat a more atherosclerosis-prone diet than healthy control subjects

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the effects of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) on cognitive functions. T1D onset usually occurs during childhood, so it is possible that the brain could be affected during neurodevelopment. We selected young patients of normal intelligence with T1D onset during neurodevelopment, no complications from diabetes, and adequate glycemic control. The purpose of this study was to compare the neural BOLD activation pattern in a group of patients with T1Dversushealthy control subjects while performing a visuospatial working memory task. Sixteen patients and 16 matched healthy control subjects participated. There was no significant statistical difference in behavioral performance between the groups, but, in accordance with our hypothesis, results showed distinct brain activation patterns. Control subjects presented the expected activations related to the task, whereas the patients had greater activation in the prefrontal inferior cortex, basal ganglia, posterior cerebellum, and substantia nigra. These different patterns could be due to compensation mechanisms that allow them to maintain a behavioral performance similar to that of control subjects.

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Evidence That Hyperglycemia After Recovery From Hypoglycemia Worsens Endothelial Function and Increases Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Healthy Control Subjects and Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db12-0224 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 61 (11) ◽

pp. 2993-2997 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

A. Ceriello ◽

A. Novials ◽

E. Ortega ◽

L. La Sala ◽

G. Pujadas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Healthy Control

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Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Iranian patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus by PCR and ELISA

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.7473 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (08) ◽

pp. 857-862 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sonia Hesam Shariati ◽

Anoosha Alaei ◽

Rouhollah Keshavarz ◽

Nader Mosavari ◽

Ali Rabbani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Mycobacterium Avium ◽

Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis

Introduction: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of paratuberculosis or Johne’s disease in ruminants. Its role in triggering autoimmunity, including type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), has been reported in recent years. Due to the high contamination rate of MAP in Iran’s livestock and the increasing outbreak of T1DM, we investigated this association in a small group of patients with T1DM in Iran. Methodology: Blood samples of 29 T1DM patients and 29 healthy control subjects were tested through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies against MAP3865c and ZnT8 homologous epitopes and the presence of MAP DNA. Blood samples were also cultured in mycobacterial growth indicator tubes and Herrold's egg yolk medium containing mycobactin J. Results: The results of ELISA showed a significant difference between T1DM patients and healthy group. IS900 was also detected in 51.72% of T1DM patients but in none of the control group. None of the samples grew in culture media. Conclusions: Due to the presence of MAP DNA and antibodies against MAP peptides in a significant number of T1DM patients compared with healthy control subjects, we may consider MAP as a possible trigger of T1DM in Iran. This indicates that exposure to MAP occurred in the positive subjects. Identifying the sources of contamination and routes of MAP transmission to humans seems necessary to prevent and reduce the burden of MAP infection in Iran.

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Impact of type 1 diabetes mellitus, glucose levels, and glycemic control on sleep in children and adolescents: a case–control study

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsz226 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Grace C Macaulay ◽

Barbara C Galland ◽

Sara E Boucher ◽

Esko J Wiltshire ◽

Jillian J Haszard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Control Subjects

Abstract Study Objectives To assess differences in habitual sleep patterns and sleep states between children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and control subjects, and to explore the relationships between sleep, glucose levels, and glycemic control. Methods Participants included 82 children (5–18 years); 41 with T1DM (cases), and 41 healthy control subjects group matched for age and sex. Sleep was measured by 7-day actigraphy and single-night home-based polysomnography (PSG) recordings. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and 7 days of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data were collected in cases. Regression analyses were used to model all within- and between-group comparisons adjusted for age, sex, and BMI z-scores. Results There were no significant differences in sleep duration, efficiency, or awakenings as measured by actigraphy and PSG between cases and controls, nor sleep states measured by PSG. However, cases had significantly later sleep onset and offset than controls (both p < 0.05), partially moderated by age. Cases with suboptimal glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 58 mmol/mol [≥7.5%]) had significantly shorter actigraphy-derived total sleep time (TST) (mean difference = −40 minutes; 95% confidence interval = −77, −3), with similar differences in TST measured by PSG. Cases with mean CGM glucose levels ≥10 mmol/L (≥180 mg/dL) on PSG night had significantly more stage N3 (%) sleep and less stage REM (%) sleep (both p < 0.05). Conclusions Short- and long-term suboptimal glycemic control in T1DM children appears to be associated with sleep alterations. Pediatric diabetes care teams should be aware of potential interrelationships between sleep and T1DM, including management and glycemic control.

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W09.239 Systolic blood pressure response after exercise in type 1 diabetes families compared with healthy control subjects

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/s0021-9150(04)90238-9 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

E MATTEUCCI

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Response ◽

Pressure Response ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Healthy Control

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Gut Microbiota Differs in Composition and Functionality Between Children With Type 1 Diabetes and MODY2 and Healthy Control Subjects: A Case-Control Study

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc18-0253 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (11) ◽

pp. 2385-2395 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Isabel Leiva-Gea ◽

Lidia Sánchez-Alcoholado ◽

Beatriz Martín-Tejedor ◽

Daniel Castellano-Castillo ◽

Isabel Moreno-Indias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Control Study

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Glomerular haemodynamic profile of patients with Type 1 diabetes compared with healthy control subjects

Diabetic Medicine ◽

10.1111/dme.12717 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 32 (7) ◽

pp. 972-979 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

M. Škrtić ◽

Y. Lytvyn ◽

G. K. Yang ◽

P. Yip ◽

V. Lai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Healthy Control

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Mycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisin an Italian Cohort of Type 1 Diabetes Pediatric Patients

Clinical and Developmental Immunology ◽

10.1155/2012/785262 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Maria Luisa Manca Bitti ◽

Speranza Masala ◽

Francesca Capasso ◽

Novella Rapini ◽

Simona Piccinini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Molecular Mimicry ◽

Heparin Binding ◽

Recent Onset ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽

Italian Cohort

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis(MAP) is the etiological agent of Johne’s disease in ruminants. Recent studies have linked MAP to type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the Sardinian population. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of MAP infection in a T1D cohort from continental Italy compared with healthy control subjects. 247 T1D subjects and 110 healthy controls were tested for the presence of MAP. MAP DNA was detected using IS900-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The presence of antibodies towards a MAP antigen, heparin binding hemoagglutinin (HBHA), was detected by ELISA. We demonstrated a higher MAP DNA prevalence in plasma samples from T1D patients and a stronger immune response towards MAP HBHA, compared with healthy control subjects. Moreover, in the recent onset patients, we observed an association between anti-MAP antibodies and HLA DQ2 (DQA1 0201/DQB1 0202). These findings taken together support the hypothesis of MAP as an environmental risk factor for the development of T1D in genetically predisposed subjects, probably involving a mechanism of molecular mimicry between MAP antigens and pancreatic isletβ-cells.

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