Cyclodextrins as high-performance green co-solvents in the aqueous extraction of polyphenols and anthocyanin pigments from solid onion waste

Under some laboratory conditions, it is possible to obtain a production of anthocyanins by the leaves of grape cuttings.The objective of this work consists in the comparison between contents in anthocyanin pigments of leaves of stemming Carignan of one eye cuttings cultivated in various conditions of laboratory with those of leaves of the same cultivated grape to the vineyard in the area of El Khenguet UCP Sidi Slama (Tunisia).We have measured the growth in length and in diameter of stems of the cuttings processed 30 days in total darkness and compared to cuttings witnesses raised in greenhouse. The same comparison has been undertaken on cuttings having undergone 30 days stay in total darkness and 21 days of maintenance in greenhouse with witness that has undergone 51 days in greenhouse.The total darkness during 30 days favors the growth in length and in diameter of shoots, reduced the leaf surface, and blocks the synthesis of anthocyanin as compared to the photoperiod of 12 hours of darkness/12 hours of light. The total darkness during 30 steady days by a photoperiod of 12 hours light/12 hours darkness during 21 days induces a resumption of the leaf growth and a synthesis of anthocyanins in leaves and in stems.The analysis of the anthocyanin, undertaken by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) allowed to detect the five anthocyanin 3-monoglucosides following: Delphinidin MG3 - Cyanidin MG3 - Petunidin MG3 - Pæonidin MG3 and Malvidin MG3.They are in the free form and in the combined form, esterified by acetic, cafeic and coumaric acids in stemming leaves of the vineyard as well as in those developed in the laboratory. The combined anthocyanins are better represented in the cutting cultivated in laboratory.The Cyanidin 3-monoglucoside, the Pæonidin 3-monoglucoside and the Malvidin 3-monoglucoside present a maximal content at the period of the fall of leaves. The other anthocyanin pigments have similar contents always weaker than those of Cyanidin MG3 and Pæonidine MG3.The output in total anthocyanin obtained of the cuttings of the laboratory is equal to 25 p. cent of that of the vineyard.

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Detection of Adulteration in Blackberry Juice Concentrates and Wines

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/65.6.1417 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 65 (6) ◽

pp. 1417-1423 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ronald E Wrolstad ◽

Jeffrey D Culbertson ◽

Christopher J Corn Well ◽

Leonard R Mattick

Keyword(s):

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Thin Layer ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

High Performance ◽

Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽

Anthocyanin Pigments ◽

Processing And Storage ◽

And Storage ◽

Layer Chromatography

Abstract Adulteration of blackberry juice concentrates and wines with juice of sorbitol-containing fruits was detected by determining carbohydrates by high performance liquid chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography, and thin layer chromatography. Sorbitol is not fermented by yeast and can be detected in wines made from blackberry juice concentrates that contain sorbitol. High levels of sorbitol and quinic and malic acids suggest that an imported blackberry concentrate may have been adulterated with plum. Degradation of anthocyanin pigments during processing and storage limits the utility of pigment analyses in detecting adulteration.

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Nitrogen-doped carbon derived from onion waste as anode material for high performance sodium-ion battery

Solid State Ionics ◽

10.1016/j.ssi.2020.115223 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 346 ◽

pp. 115223 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Majid Khan ◽

Nazir Ahmad ◽

Kewei Lu ◽

Zhihui Sun ◽

Chaohui Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anode Material ◽

High Performance ◽

Sodium Ion ◽

Sodium Ion Battery ◽

Nitrogen Doped ◽

Nitrogen Doped Carbon ◽

Onion Waste

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A Review on Anthocyanin Pigments with respect to its Nutraceutical Properties

International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology - RTT2020 ◽

10.46501/ijmtst061211 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 54-60

Author(s):

Srijeeta Saha Shairee Ganguly and Dolanchapa Sikdar

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Nucleophilic Attack ◽

Total Anthocyanin ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Spectrophotometric Methods ◽

The Media ◽

Anthocyanin Stability ◽

Anthocyanin Pigments ◽

Self Association ◽

Processing And Storage

Anthocyanin pigments are readily degraded during processing and storage of foodstuffs that can have a dramatic impact on color quality and may also affect the nutritional properties. Total anthocyanin pigment content and indices for polymeric color and browning are easily measured with simple spectrophotometric methods. Once individual pigments are identified, their changes can be monitored by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The edible fruits of 12 plants were extracted in methanol and subjected to solvent–solvent partitioning to yield three fractions, hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous. A number of factors affecting anthocyanin stability and color are discussed in this review. Anthocyanins are probably the most spectacular of plant pigments since they are responsible for most of the red, purple and blue pigmentation of flowers, hits and vegetables. However, because of their highly reactive nature, anthocyanins readily degrade, or react with other constituents in the media, to form colorless or brown colored compounds. The presence of an oxonium ion adjacent to carbon 2 makes the anthocyanins particularly susceptible to nucleophilic attack by such compounds as sulfur dioxide, ascorbic acid, hydrogen peroxide and even water. Loss of anthocyanin pigmentation also occurs in the presence of oxygen and various enzymes, and as a result of high temperature processing. Certain degree of pigment stabilization may be conferred by acylation with various organic acids, co pigmentation, self-association and/or metal chelation. In addition, pH has a marked effect on anthocyanin stability, and on the color of media containing these pigments. A number of anthocyanin-rich sources have been investigated for their potential as commercial pigment extracts. Although their application is primarily limited to acidic media, continued research on the chemistry of anthocyanins may lead to application and stabilization of these pigments in a wider variety of food products.

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High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Anthocyanin Pigments in Some Varieties of Black Rice

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis ◽

10.38212/2224-6614.2893 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S.N. Ryu ◽

S.Z. Park ◽

C.-T. Ho

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Chromatographic Determination ◽

High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽

Black Rice ◽

Liquid Chromatographic Determination ◽

Anthocyanin Pigments ◽

Liquid Chromatographic

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Secondary raw materials of agricultural processing companies as a source of anthocyanin colorants

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202017603019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 176 ◽

pp. 03019

Author(s):

Marina Shkolnikova ◽

Olga Chugunova ◽

Svetlana Ivanova

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Vaccinium Myrtillus ◽

Raw Material ◽

Natural Food ◽

Food Colorant ◽

Anthocyanin Pigments ◽

By Products

Many recent researches in vitro and in vivo proved the large therapeutic potency of non-toxic anthocyans in anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, anti-oxidative actions. Anthocyanin is a natural phenolic colorant approved in many countries. A reason why the world market of natural food colorants is reduced is because fruit and berry raw materials are expensive. Yet the fruit and berry raw materials are extracted with significant losses and by-products. This constitutes around 23-45% of the whole amount of berries processes in the Russian Federation. Thus, a priority direction of the food industry is a development of technologies allowing to use precious berry pomace with high bioactive compounds, i.e. anthocyans, organic acids, pectin. The aim of the research is to extract food colorant from the pomace of Vaccínium myrtíllus and Vaccínium vítis-idaéa to identify individual anthocyanin pigments. The food safety and composition of the pomace of Vaccinium myrtillus and Vaccinium vitis-idaea as raw material for food colorant extraction were found. Individual anthocyanin pigments of anthocyanin extracts were identified through the method of high-performance liquid chromatography. Cyanidin-3-galactoside was found in the extracts of berries (85,6 %) and pomaces (81,2%) of Vaccinium vitis-idaea. Fifteen compounds were identified in the extracts of Vaccinium myrtillus. The major ones were delphinidin-3-glucoside (13,4 %), delphinidin-3-galactoside (12,4 %), and cyanidin-3-glucoside for the fresh berries. As for the pigments of its pomaces, they were delphinidin-3-glucoside (15,3 %), delphinidin-3-galactoside (14,7 %), and delphinidin-3-arabinoside (10,5 %). Hence, there are more anthocyanin pigments in the extracts of pomaces, than in those of the fresh berries with identical compounds – 24,7 % more for Vaccinium myrtillus and 11,1 % more for Vaccinium myrtillus. The possibility to extract anthocyanin pigments from by-products of the local fruit and berry raw materials – i.e. of Vaccinium myrtillus and Vaccinium vitis-idae ones – and identify them is discussed.

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A High Performance Energy Analyzer for Use in Electron Scanning Microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100061975 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 14-15

Author(s):

A. V. Crewe ◽

M. Isaacson ◽

D. Johnson

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Vertical Plane ◽

Median Plane ◽

Electron Gun ◽

Uniform Field ◽

Loss Mechanism ◽

Electron Scanning Microscopy ◽

Sector Type ◽

Double Focusing ◽

Electron Energy Loss

A double focusing magnetic spectrometer has been constructed for use with a field emission electron gun scanning microscope in order to study the electron energy loss mechanism in thin specimens. It is of the uniform field sector type with curved pole pieces. The shape of the pole pieces is determined by requiring that all particles be focused to a point at the image slit (point 1). The resultant shape gives perfect focusing in the median plane (Fig. 1) and first order focusing in the vertical plane (Fig. 2).

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Vacuum System to Minimize the Specimen Contamination of High-Performance EM

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100077967 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 68-69

Author(s):

N. Yoshimura ◽

K. Shirota ◽

T. Etoh

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

High Speed ◽

High Performance ◽

High Vacuum ◽

Vacuum System ◽

Pump System ◽

Pumping System ◽

Diffusion Pump ◽

Almost All ◽

Cascade Type

One of the most important requirements for a high-performance EM, especially an analytical EM using a fine beam probe, is to prevent specimen contamination by providing a clean high vacuum in the vicinity of the specimen. However, in almost all commercial EMs, the pressure in the vicinity of the specimen under observation is usually more than ten times higher than the pressure measured at the punping line. The EM column inevitably requires the use of greased Viton O-rings for fine movement, and specimens and films need to be exchanged frequently and several attachments may also be exchanged. For these reasons, a high speed pumping system, as well as a clean vacuum system, is now required. A newly developed electron microscope, the JEM-100CX features clean high vacuum in the vicinity of the specimen, realized by the use of a CASCADE type diffusion pump system which has been essentially improved over its predeces- sorD employed on the JEM-100C.

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Use of the Magnetostatic Analogue In Electromagnetic Lens Engineering

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100068795 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 360-361

Author(s):

John W. Coleman

Keyword(s):

Boundary Conditions ◽

High Performance ◽

Force Fields ◽

Optical Design ◽

Direct Conversion ◽

Design Engineering ◽

Design Data ◽

Scalar Potentials ◽

Geometric Elements ◽

At Will

In the design engineering of high performance electromagnetic lenses, the direct conversion of electron optical design data into drawings for reliable hardware is oftentimes difficult, especially in terms of how to mount parts to each other, how to tolerance dimensions, and how to specify finishes. An answer to this is in the use of magnetostatic analytics, corresponding to boundary conditions for the optical design. With such models, the magnetostatic force on a test pole along the axis may be examined, and in this way one may obtain priority listings for holding dimensions, relieving stresses, etc..The development of magnetostatic models most easily proceeds from the derivation of scalar potentials of separate geometric elements. These potentials can then be conbined at will because of the superposition characteristic of conservative force fields.

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