Mitogenic Lectin Concanavalin A Induces Calvarial Bone Formation In Vivo via Indomethacin-Sensitive Pathway

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Izbicka ◽  
C. R. Dunstan ◽  
D. Horn ◽  
R. Adams ◽  
G. R. Mundy
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Mitogenic Lectin

scholarly journals Effects of strontium ions with potential antibacterial activity on in vivo bone regeneration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafiseh Baheiraei ◽  
Hossein Eyni ◽  
Bita bakhshi ◽  
Raziyeh Najafloo
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Alizarin Red

Abstract Background Bioactive glasses (BGs) have attracted added attention in the structure of the scaffolds for bone repair applications. Different metal ions could be doped in BGs to induce specific biological responses. Among these ions, strontium (Sr) is considered as an effective and safe doping element with promising effects on bone formation and regeneration. Methods In this experiment, we evaluated the antibacterial activities of the gelatin-BG (Gel-BG) and Gel-BG/Sr scaffolds in vitro. The osteogenic properties of the prepared scaffolds were also assessed in rabbit calvarial bone defects for 12 weeks. Alizarin Red, Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) and Masson’s Trichrome staining were performed to assess bone regeneration and the obtained results were compared with those without Sr. Also, histomorphometric data were obtained to evaluate the new bone, residual graft, and connective tissue. Results Both scaffolds showed in vivo bone formation during 12 weeks with the newly formed bone area in Gel-BG/Sr scaffold was higher than that in Gel-BG scaffolds after the whole period. Based on the histological results, Gel-BG/Sr exhibited acceleration of early-stage bone formation in vivo. The results of antibacterial investigation showed that although both Gel-BG/Sr and Gel-BG effectively inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli) but, only Gel-BG/Sr structure could lead to a 3 log reduction in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Conclusions: Our results confirmed that Sr doped BG is a favorable candidate for bone tissue engineering with superior antibacterial activity and bone regeneration capacity compared with similar counterparts having no Sr ion.

scholarly journals Effects of strontium ions with potential antibacterial activity on in vivo bone regeneration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafiseh Baheiraei ◽  
Hossein Eyni ◽  
Bita bakhshi ◽  
Raziyeh Najafloo
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Alizarin Red

Abstract Background: Bioactive glasses (BGs) have attracted added attention in the structure of the scaffolds for bone repair applications. Different metal ions could be doped in BGs to induce specific biological responses. Among these ions, strontium (Sr) is considered as an effective and safe doping element with promising effects on bone formation and regeneration.Methods: In this experiment, we evaluated the antibacterial activities of the gelatin-BG (Gel-BG) and Gel-BG/Sr scaffolds in vitro. The osteogenic properties of the prepared scaffolds were also assessed in rabbit calvarial bone defects for 12 weeks. Alizarin Red, Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) and Masson’s Trichrome staining were performed to assess bone regeneration and the obtained results were compared with those without Sr. Also, histomorphometric data were obtained to evaluate the new bone, residual graft, and connective tissue.Results: Both scaffolds showed in vivo bone formation during 12 weeks with the newly formed bone area in Gel-BG/Sr scaffold was higher than that in Gel-BG scaffolds after the whole period. Based on the histological results, Gel-BG/Sr exhibited acceleration of early-stage bone formation in vivo. The results of antibacterial investigation showed that although both Gel-BG/Sr and Gel-BG effectively inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli) but, only Gel-BG/Sr structure could lead to a 3 log reduction in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Conclusions: Our results confirmed that Sr doped BG is a favorable candidate for bone tissue engineering with superior antibacterial activity and bone regeneration capacity compared with similar counterparts having no Sr ion.

scholarly journals β-Arrestin-Selective G Protein-Coupled Receptor Agonists Engender Unique Biological Efficacy in Vivo

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Gesty-Palmer ◽  
Ling Yuan ◽  
Bronwen Martin ◽  
William H. Wood ◽  
Mi-Hye Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptor ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Abstract Biased G protein-coupled receptor agonists are orthosteric ligands that possess pathway-selective efficacy, activating or inhibiting only a subset of the signaling repertoire of their cognate receptors. In vitro, d-Trp12,Tyr34-bPTH(7–34) [bPTH(7–34)], a biased agonist for the type 1 PTH receptor, antagonizes receptor-G protein coupling but activates arrestin-dependent signaling. In vivo, both bPTH(7–34) and the conventional agonist hPTH(1–34) stimulate anabolic bone formation. To understand how two PTH receptor ligands with markedly different in vitro efficacy could elicit similar in vivo responses, we analyzed transcriptional profiles from calvarial bone of mice treated for 8 wk with vehicle, bPTH(7–34) or hPTH(1–34). Treatment of wild-type mice with bPTH(7–34) primarily affected pathways that promote expansion of the osteoblast pool, notably cell cycle regulation, cell survival, and migration. These responses were absent in β-arrestin2-null mice, identifying them as downstream targets of β-arrestin2-mediated signaling. In contrast, hPTH(1–34) primarily affected pathways classically associated with enhanced bone formation, including collagen synthesis and matrix mineralization. hPTH(1–34) actions were less dependent on β-arrestin2, as might be expected of a ligand capable of G protein activation. In vitro, bPTH(7–34) slowed the rate of preosteoblast proliferation, enhanced osteoblast survival when exposed to an apoptotic stimulus, and stimulated cell migration in wild-type, but not β-arrestin2-null, calvarial osteoblasts. These results suggest that bPTH(7–34) and hPTH(1–34) affect bone mass in vivo through predominantly separate genomic mechanisms created by largely distinct receptor-signaling networks and demonstrate that functional selectivity can be exploited to change the quality of G protein-coupled receptor efficacy.

scholarly journals Effects of strontium ions with potential antibacterial activity on in vivo bone regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafiseh Baheiraei ◽  
Hossein Eyni ◽  
Bita Bakhshi ◽  
Raziyeh Najafloo ◽  
Navid Rabiee
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Calvarial Bone

AbstractBioactive glasses (BGs) have attracted added attention in the structure of the scaffolds for bone repair applications. Different metal ions could be doped in BGs to induce specific biological responses. Among these ions, strontium (Sr) is considered as an effective and safe doping element with promising effects on bone formation and regeneration. In this experiment, we evaluated the antibacterial activities of the gelatin-BG (Gel-BG) and Gel-BG/Sr scaffolds in vitro. The osteogenic properties of the prepared scaffolds were also assessed in rabbit calvarial bone defects for 12 weeks. Both scaffolds showed in vivo bone formation during 12 weeks with the newly formed bone area in Gel-BG/Sr scaffold was higher than that in Gel-BG scaffolds after the whole period. Based on the histological results, Gel-BG/Sr exhibited acceleration of early-stage bone formation in vivo. The results of antibacterial investigation for both scaffolds showed complete growth inhibition against Escherichia coli (E. coli). Although Gel-BG revealed no antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), the Gel-BG/Sr was able to partially inhibit the growth of S. aureus, as detected by threefold reduction in growth index. Our results confirmed that Sr doped BG is a favorable candidate for bone tissue engineering with superior antibacterial activity and bone regeneration capacity compared with similar counterparts having no Sr ion.

Regeneration of Bone Defects Using Bioactive Glass Combined with Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. An experimental in vivo study

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1983-1987
Author(s):  
Cristian Trambitas ◽  
Anca Maria Pop ◽  
Alina Dia Trambitas Miron ◽  
Dorin Constantin Dorobantu ◽  
Flaviu Tabaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Specific Protocol ◽  
Repair Mechanisms ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Large bone defects are a medical concern as these are often unable to heal spontaneously, based on the host bone repair mechanisms. In their treatment, bone tissue engineering techniques represent a promising approach by providing a guide for osseous regeneration. As bioactive glasses proved to have osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, the aim of our study was to evaluate by histologic examination, the differences in the healing of critical-sized calvarial bone defects filled with bioactive glass combined with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, compared to negative controls. We used 16 male Wistar rats subjected to a specific protocol based on which 2 calvarial bone defects were created in each animal, one was filled with Bon Alive S53P4 bioactive glass and adipose-derived stem cells and the other one was considered control. At intervals of one week during the following month, the animals were euthanized and the specimens from bone defects were histologically examined and compared. The results showed that this biomaterial was biocompatible and the first signs of osseous healing appeared in the third week. Bone Alive S53P4 bioactive glass could be an excellent bone substitute, reducing the need of bone grafts.

scholarly journals In Vivo Study for Clinical Application of Dental Stem Cell Therapy Incorporated with Dental Titanium Implants

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Hyunmin Choi ◽  
Kyu-Hyung Park ◽  
Narae Jung ◽  
June-Sung Shim ◽  
Hong-Seok Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Radiographic Analysis ◽  
New Bone Formation

The aim of this study was to investigate the behavior of dental-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (d-hMSCs) in response to differently surface-treated implants and to evaluate the effect of d-hMSCs on local osteogenesis around an implant in vivo. d-hMSCs derived from alveolar bone were established and cultured on machined, sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA)-treated titanium discs with and without osteogenic induction medium. Their morphological and osteogenic potential was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) via mixing of 5 × 106 of d-hMSCs with 1 mL of Metrigel and 20 μL of gel-cell mixture, which was dispensed into the defect followed by the placement of customized mini-implants (machined, SLA-treated implants) in New Zealand white rabbits. Following healing periods of 2 weeks and 12 weeks, the obtained samples in each group were analyzed radiographically, histomorphometrically and immunohistochemically. The quantitative change in osteogenic differentiation of d-hMSCs was identified according to the type of surface treatment. Radiographic analysis revealed that an increase in new bone formation was statistically significant in the d-hMSCs group. Histomorphometric analysis was in accordance with radiographic analysis, showing the significantly increased new bone formation in the d-hMSCs group regardless of time of sacrifice. Human nuclei A was identified near the area where d-hMSCs were implanted but the level of expression was found to be decreased as time passed. Within the limitations of the present study, in this animal model, the transplantation of d-hMSCs enhanced the new bone formation around an implant and the survival and function of the stem cells was experimentally proven up to 12 weeks post-sacrifice.

scholarly journals Ibudilast Mitigates Delayed Bone Healing Caused by Lipopolysaccharide by Altering Osteoblast and Osteoclast Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1169
Author(s):  
Yuhan Chang ◽  
Chih-Chien Hu ◽  
Ying-Yu Wu ◽  
Steve W. N. Ueng ◽  
Chih-Hsiang Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Bridge ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Osteoclast Activity ◽  
Wall Components

Bacterial infection in orthopedic surgery is challenging because cell wall components released after bactericidal treatment can alter osteoblast and osteoclast activity and impair fracture stability. However, the precise effects and mechanisms whereby cell wall components impair bone healing are unclear. In this study, we characterized the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on bone healing and osteoclast and osteoblast activity in vitro and in vivo and evaluated the effects of ibudilast, an antagonist of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), on LPS-induced changes. In particular, micro-computed tomography was used to reconstruct femoral morphology and analyze callus bone content in a femoral defect mouse model. In the sham-treated group, significant bone bridge and cancellous bone formation were observed after surgery, however, LPS treatment delayed bone bridge and cancellous bone formation. LPS inhibited osteogenic factor-induced MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, calcium deposition, and osteopontin secretion and increased the activity of osteoclast-associated molecules, including cathepsin K and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in vitro. Finally, ibudilast blocked the LPS-induced inhibition of osteoblast activation and activation of osteoclast in vitro and attenuated LPS-induced delayed callus bone formation in vivo. Our results provide a basis for the development of a novel strategy for the treatment of bone infection.

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