Pulmonary fibrosis in youth treated with radioiodine for juvenile thyroid cancer and lung metastases after Chernobyl

Purpose:Exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) has been reported in patients with juvenile thyroid cancer treated with radioiodine for lung metastases. This retrospective study tested the hypothesis that EIAH is due to ventilation-perfusion-mismatch in this rare pulmonary condition.Method:50 patients (age 13–23 years) treated for juvenile thyroid carcinoma and lung metastasis with 131I and 24 controls with thyroid cancer but without lung metastases and prior 131I-treatment were assessed in a state of acute hypothyroidism by com-puted tomography of the lungs, pulmonary function testing, cardiopulmonary exercise test with measurements of gas exchange, oxygen saturation, alveolar-arterial difference in pO2 (p(A-a)O2) and pCO2 (p(ET-a)CO2).Results:10 of the 50 patients with lung metastases showed EIAH. They had more pronounced pulmonary fibrosis on computed tomography, a widened p(A-a)O2, and p(ET-a)CO2, a lower DVE/DVCO2-slope, a lower respiratory rate and no increased dead space ventilation. A more pronounced EIAH was associated with male gender, younger age, lower diffusion capacity, higher p(ET-a)CO2 during exercise and a higher peak exercise tidal volume over vital capacity ratio.Conclusion:EIAH in patients with thyroid carcinoma and pulmonary metastases is not related to ventilation-perfusion mismatch but to alveolar hypoventilation, possibly related to an increased work of breathing with pulmonary fibrosis.

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Breast uptake of iodine‐131 mimicking lung metastases in a thyroid cancer patient with a pituitary tumour

British Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1259/bjr.74.880.740378 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 74 (880) ◽

pp. 378-381 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

P‐F Kao ◽

H‐Y Chang ◽

M‐F Tsai ◽

K‐J Lin ◽

K‐Y Tzen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Cancer Patient ◽

Lung Metastases ◽

Pituitary Tumour ◽

Thyroid Cancer Patient ◽

Iodine 131

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Pulmonary metastases in differentiated thyroid cancer: efficacy of radioiodine therapy and prognostic factors

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-15-0296 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 173 (3) ◽

pp. 399-408 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Hong-Jun Song ◽

Zhong-Ling Qiu ◽

Chen-Tian Shen ◽

Wei-Jun Wei ◽

Quan-Yong Luo

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Pulmonary Metastasis ◽

Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽

Radioiodine Therapy ◽

Pulmonary Metastases ◽

Lung Metastases ◽

Whole Body ◽

Metastatic Node ◽

Serum Thyroglobulin

ContextData from a large cohort of patients with pulmonary metastases from differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) were retrospectively analyzed.ObjectiveTo assess the effect of radioiodine therapy and investigate the prognostic factors of survival for patients with pulmonary metastasis secondary to DTC.MethodsA total of 372 patients with pulmonary metastasis from DTC treated with131I entered the study. According to the results of131I whole-body scan (WBS), pulmonary metastases were classified as131I-avid and non-131I-avid. For patients with131I-avid lung metastases, treatment response was measured by three parameters: serum thyroglobulin (Tg) levels, chest computed tomography (CT) and post-therapeutic131I-WBS. Overall survival was calculated by the Kaplan–Meier method. Factors predictive of the outcome were determined by multivariate analyses.ResultsAmong patients demonstrating131I-avid pulmonary metastases (256/372, 68.8%), 156 cases (156/256, 60.9%) showed a significant decrease in serum Tg levels after131I therapy and 138 cases (138/229, 60.3%) showed a reduction in pulmonary metastases on follow-up CT. A complete cure, however, was only achieved in 62 cases (62/256, 24.2%). Multivariate analysis showed that only age, the presence of multiple distant metastases and pulmonary metastatic node size were significant independent variables between the groups of131I-avid and non-131I-avid.ConclusionThis study indicated that, most131I-avid pulmonary metastases from DTC can obtain partial or complete remission after131I therapy. Younger patients (<40 years old) with only pulmonary metastases and small (‘fine miliaric’ or micronodular) metastases appear to have relative favorite outcomes. Patients who do not respond to131I treatment have a worse prognosis.

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Splenectomy for Solitary Splenic Metastasis in Recurrent Papillary Thyroid Cancer. A Case Report and Literature Review

Case Reports in Oncological Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/2084847 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Antonio Maffuz-Aziz ◽

Gabriel Garnica ◽

Silvia López-Hernández ◽

Janet Pineda-Diaz ◽

Javier Baquera-Heredia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽

Lung Metastases ◽

The United States ◽

Central Neck Dissection ◽

Splenic Metastasis ◽

Papillary Thyroid ◽

Rare Manifestation ◽

Tall Cell

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, presenting with 23 500 new cases per year in the United States. About 7-23% of the patients will present recurrent metastases disease during follow-up. The classic variant of papillary carcinoma is less aggressive compared to its other variants like diffuse sclerosing, tall cell or columnar cell, and insular variants, and the sites to which this metastasizes is already well identified. Metastasis to the spleen is an extremely rare manifestation of papillary thyroid cancer. To date, only 3 cases have been reported in the literature. Herein, we present a 52-year-old male, who developed spleen metastases, 2.4 years after total thyroidectomy and central neck dissection followed by radioactive iodine ablation and seven months after treatment with sorafenib for lung metastases. The splenic lesion was detected in surveillance studies. This case highlights that splenic metastasis, although rare, may occur even in a patient with a locoregional and systemic controlled thyroid cancer and that it can be treated safely with surgical resection.

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A Case of Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma: Remarkable Decrease in Multiple Lung Metastases within 40 Years after a Single Administration of Radioiodine without Thyroidectomy and with Later Anaplastic Transformation

Case Reports in Oncology ◽

10.1159/000481500 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 928-937 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chio Okuyama ◽

Mitsuhiro Kimura ◽

Minori Oda ◽

Naohiro Kodani ◽

Norihiro Aibe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Total Thyroidectomy ◽

Pulmonary Metastases ◽

Lung Metastases ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer ◽

Anaplastic Carcinoma ◽

High Rate ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

Anaplastic Transformation

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma is an uncommon malignancy of childhood and adolescence that is unique because it has an overall favorable prognosis despite its relatively high rate of nodal and distant metastases. Total thyroidectomy and positive 131I therapy are recommended for cases with pulmonary metastases. In contrast, anaplastic thyroid cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies that have an unfavorable and miserable prognosis. We report a case with an impressively long history. The patient had multiple pulmonary metastases that had been diagnosed by 131I administration when he was 14 years old, about 45 years before he underwent thyroidectomy. He had been kept unaware of his disease by his family and received no treatment for most of his life. Pulmonary nodules were noted at several medical checkups and showed a remarkable decrease in size during the untreated 44-year period after the 131I administration. At age 58, his thyroid cancer was first detected and total thyroidectomy was performed, with subsequent radioiodine therapy for pulmonary metastases. Unfortunately, anaplastic carcinoma developed and he died of disseminated tumors later.

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Selumetinib Treatment Increases Radioiodine Uptake in Thyroid Cancer Lung Metastases

Canadian Journal of Diabetes ◽

10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.08.125 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (5) ◽

pp. S41

Author(s):

Kirstie Lithgow ◽

Peter Grundy ◽

Sana Ghaznavi ◽

Chris Symonds ◽

Douglas Van Nostrand ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Lung Metastases ◽

Radioiodine Uptake

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Lung Metastases From Thyroid Cancer

Clinical Pulmonary Medicine ◽

10.1097/cpm.0b013e31815077a8 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 310-313

Author(s):

Nick Patel ◽

Yuval Hiltzik ◽

Donald Margouleff ◽

David Bjelke ◽

Yana Studentsova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Lung Metastases

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Characterization of human follicular thyroid cancer cell lines in preclinical mouse models

Endocrine Connections ◽

10.1530/ec-15-0114 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 47-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ashley N Reeb ◽

Andrea Ziegler ◽

Reigh-Yi Lin

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Lung Metastasis ◽

Lung Metastases ◽

Metastatic Potential ◽

Follicular Thyroid Cancer ◽

Tail Vein ◽

Tail Vein Injection ◽

Injection Model

Follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) is the second most common type of thyroid cancers. In order to develop more effective personalized therapies, it is necessary to thoroughly evaluate patient-derived cell lines in in vivo preclinical models before using them to test new, targeted therapies. This study evaluates the tumorigenic and metastatic potential of a panel of three human FTC cell lines (WRO, FTC-238, and TT1609-CO2) with defined genetic mutations in two in vivo murine models: an orthotopic thyroid cancer model to study tumor progression and a tail vein injection model to study metastasis. All cell lines developed tumors in the orthotopic model, with take rates of 100%. Notably, WRO-derived tumors grew two to four times faster than tumors arising from the FTC-238 and TT2609-CO2 cell lines. These results mirrored those of a tail vein injection model for lung metastasis: one hundred percent of mice injected with WRO cells in the tail vein exhibited aggressive growth of bilateral lung metastases within 35 days. In contrast, tail vein injection of FTC-238 or TT2609-CO2 cells did not result in lung metastasis. Together, our work demonstrates that these human FTC cell lines display highly varied tumorigenic and metastatic potential in vivo with WRO being the most aggressive cell line in both orthotopic and lung metastasis models. This information will be valuable when selecting cell lines for preclinical drug testing.

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COVID-19 pandemic and Thyroid cancer treatment in perspective of Bangladesh

Journal of Dhaka Medical College ◽

10.3329/jdmc.v29i2.51194 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 178-181

Author(s):

Mahmud Asif Rifat ◽

Mostafa Kamal Arefin ◽

Abu Yusuf Fakir ◽

SK Nurul Fattah Rumi ◽

Husne Qumer Osmany ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Active Surveillance ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Lung Metastases ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

Severe Illness ◽

Medical College ◽

Increased Risk

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 which has crowded out services for both covid and non-covid patients, in a country where the health care system was already under huge stress even before the pandemic. Objectives: To postpone non-urgent surgeries along with active surveillance of thyroid cancer patients to make sure the hospitals are not unnecessarily occupied. Methods: Document based categorization of thyroid cancer patients, like- low risk, high risk and clinically extremely vulnerable groups who are at greatest risk of severe illness from coronavirus are to be done accordingly. Individuals with thyroid cancer are mostly not susceptible to COVID- 19. However, patients with thyroid cancer (papillary or medullary) having lung metastases or undergoing certain types of cancer treatment might be at increased risk of viral infection or complications. Risk benefit ratio is checked and explained to the patient and their attendants. Recommendations: As COVID-19 is spreading across the Bangladesh, hospitals are being forced to reallocate resources to the care of critically ill. So it is crucial to adhere to the advice from experts to reduce the risk of infection. All non-essential surgeries and hospital admissions can be postponed to make sure that hospitals are not unnecessarily occupied. Conclusion: In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, cancer care has had to adapt rapidly given recommendations to postpone nonurgent surgeries with active surveillance of thyroid cancer patients except thyroid tumors requiring acute airway management. J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 29, No.2, October, 2020, Page 178-181

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Incidence and Survival of Thyroid Cancer with Lung Metastasis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-161618/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Miaochun Zhong ◽

Xianghong He ◽

Lingfei Cui ◽

Kefeng Lei

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Brain Metastasis ◽

Bone Metastases ◽

Lung Metastasis ◽

Lung Metastases ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cancer Specific Survival ◽

Isolated Lung ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Thyroid cancer (TC) is common malignancy. Lung metastasis is one of the top metastases for TC. The incidence and survival rates of TC with lung metastasis remains unclear.Methods: Data on TC with lung metastasis and other site-specific metastases were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The chi-square tests were employed to compare the clinicopathological characteristics among patients with different sites of metastases. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests were used for survival analysis. A Cox proportional model was used for multivariate analyses of the patient population. Statistical significance indicated by a two-tailed P value < 0.05. Results: A total of 77322 patients with TC and known sites of distant metastases were identified from 2010-2016. The probability of isolated lung metastasis was significantly higher than that of isolated distant metastasis to other sites among TC patients (P < 0.05). Patients with isolated lung metastases had worse overall and thyroid cancer-specific survival compared to patients with isolated bone metastases (P < 0.05). There was a slight difference in thyroid cancer-specific survival between patients with lung metastasis and patients with liver metastasis(P=0.0496), while there was no significant difference in overall survival. (P >0.05). There was no significant difference in overall survival or thyroid cancer specific survival between patients with lung metastasis and those with brain metastasis (P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that white race was associated with better outcomes in terms of both endpoints in the lung metastasis population.Conclusions: The incidence of lung metastasis from TC was higher than that of other organ metastases. Thyroid cancer patients with isolated lung metastases have worse outcomes compared to patients with isolated bone metastases and liver metastases, whereas is similar to brain metastasis. There was the worst survival outcome on patients with multi-organ metastases.

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