scholarly journals A Preliminary Survey of the Distribution of Segmented Filamentous Bacteria in the Porcine Gastrointestinal Tract

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Grześkowiak ◽  
Beatriz Martínez-Vallespín ◽  
Jürgen Zentek ◽  
Wilfried Vahjen
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Segmented Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Qpcr Method ◽  
Weaning Piglets ◽  
Different Parts

AbstractSegmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) are present in various animal species including pigs. The aim of this work was to analyze the occurrence of SFB in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract of piglets of different ages. A total of 377 DNA extracts from stomach, jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon digesta, and from feces collected on different time points, originating from 155 animals, were screened by qPCR method with primers specific for the SFB. SFB sequences were detected in 74 of 377 samples (19.6%) from 155 animals in total. SFB were most abundant in ileum (50.0%), cecum (45.0%), and colon (37.0%), followed by feces (14.6%). SFB prevalence in sows was 12.9% (13/101) and 75.9% (41/54) in individual piglets. Of the 41 SFB-positive piglets, only two samples were from pre-weaning animals, while the rest of samples originated from post-weaning piglets. SFB sequences are abundant in post-weaning piglets, but not in suckling or adult animals. They are most abundant in the ileum and cecum of pigs. Further studies are warranted to reveal the role of SFB in pigs.

scholarly journals The Key Role of Segmented Filamentous Bacteria in the Coordinated Maturation of Gut Helper T Cell Responses

Immunity ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Gaboriau-Routhiau ◽  
Sabine Rakotobe ◽  
Emelyne Lécuyer ◽  
Imke Mulder ◽  
Annaïg Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Helper T Cell ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Segmented Filamentous Bacteria

scholarly journals The Role of Segmented Filamentous Bacteria in Immune Barrier Maturation of the Small Intestine at Weaning

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda A. Oemcke ◽  
Rachel C. Anderson ◽  
Eric Altermann ◽  
Nicole C. Roy ◽  
Warren C. McNabb
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Segmented Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Food Substrate ◽  
Immunological Barrier

The microbiological, physical, chemical, and immunological barriers of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) begin developing in utero and finish maturing postnatally. Maturation of these barriers is essential for the proper functioning of the GIT. Maturation, particularly of the immunological barrier, involves stimulation by bacteria. Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) which are anaerobic, spore-forming commensals have been linked to immune activation. The presence and changes in SFB abundance have been positively correlated to immune markers (cytokines and immunoglobulins) in the rat ileum and stool samples, pre- and post-weaning. The abundance of SFB in infant stool increases from 6 months, peaks around 12 months and plateaus 25 months post-weaning. Changes in SFB abundance at these times correlate positively and negatively with the production of interleukin 17 (IL 17) and immunoglobulin A (IgA), respectively, indicating involvement in immune function and maturation. Additionally, the peak in SFB abundance when a human milk diet was complemented by solid foods hints at a diet effect. SFB genome analysis revealed enzymes involved in metabolic pathways for survival, growth and development, host mucosal attachment and substrate acquisition. This narrative review discusses the current knowledge of SFB and their suggested effects on the small intestine immune system. Referencing the published genomes of rat and mouse SFB, the use of food substrates to modulate SFB abundance is proposed while considering their effects on other microbes. Changes in the immune response caused by the interaction of food substrate with SFB may provide insight into their role in infant immunological barrier maturation.

Gut mucosa alterations and loss of segmented filamentous bacteria in type 1 diabetes are associated with inflammation rather than hyperglycaemia

Gut ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. gutjnl-2020-323664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Rouland ◽  
Lucie Beaudoin ◽  
Ophélie Rouxel ◽  
Léo Bertrand ◽  
Lucie Cagninacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Segmented Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Gut Mucosa ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

ObjectiveType 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease caused by the destruction of pancreatic β-cells producing insulin. Both T1D patients and animal models exhibit gut microbiota and mucosa alterations, although the exact cause for these remains poorly understood. We investigated the production of key cytokines controlling gut integrity, the abundance of segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) involved in the production of these cytokines, and the respective role of autoimmune inflammation and hyperglycaemia.DesignWe used several mouse models of autoimmune T1D as well as mice rendered hyperglycaemic without inflammation to study gut mucosa and microbiota dysbiosis. We analysed cytokine expression in immune cells, epithelial cell function, SFB abundance and microbiota composition by 16S sequencing. We assessed the role of anti-tumour necrosis factor α on gut mucosa inflammation and T1D onset.ResultsWe show in models of autoimmune T1D a conserved loss of interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-22 and IL-23A in gut mucosa. Intestinal epithelial cell function was altered and gut integrity was impaired. These defects were associated with dysbiosis including progressive loss of SFB. Transfer of diabetogenic T-cells recapitulated these gut alterations, whereas induction of hyperglycaemia with no inflammation failed to do so. Moreover, anti-inflammatory treatment restored gut mucosa and immune cell function and dampened diabetes incidence.ConclusionOur results demonstrate that gut mucosa alterations and dysbiosis in T1D are primarily linked to inflammation rather than hyperglycaemia. Anti-inflammatory treatment preserves gut homeostasis and protective commensal flora reducing T1D incidence.

Vitamin A: dietologist’s position

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
S. V. Orlova ◽  
E. A. Nikitina ◽  
L. I. Karushina ◽  
Yu. A. Pigaryova ◽  
O. E. Pronina
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Therapeutic Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mucous Membranes

Vitamin A (retinol) is one of the key elements for regulating the immune response and controls the division and differentiation of epithelial cells of the mucous membranes of the bronchopulmonary system, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, eyes, etc. Its significance in the context of the COVID‑19 pandemic is difficult to overestimate. However, a number of studies conducted in the past have associated the additional intake of vitamin A with an increased risk of developing cancer, as a result of which vitamin A was practically excluded from therapeutic practice in developed countries. Our review highlights the role of vitamin A in maintaining human health and the latest data on its effect on the development mechanisms of somatic pathology.

Intestinal, Segmented, Filamentous Bacteria and Colonisation Resistance of Mice to Pathogenic Bacteria

1992 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. B. M. Klaasen ◽  
J. P. Koopman ◽  
F. G. J. Poelma ◽  
M. E. Van Den Brink ◽  
M. H. Bakker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Segmented Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Colonisation Resistance
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