Dairy intake, blood pressure and incident hypertension in a general British population: the 1946 birth cohort

AbstractWe examined the associations between caesarean section (CS) delivery and cardiovascular risk factors in young adults in Thailand. Participants were 632 offspring from a birth cohort in Chiang Mai (Northern Thailand), born in 1989–1990 and assessed in 2010 at a mean age of 20.6 years, including 57 individuals (9.0%) born by CS and 575 born vaginally. Clinical assessments included anthropometry, blood pressure (BP), carotid intima-media thickness, and fasting blood glucose, insulin, and lipid profile. Young adults born by CS had systolic BP (SBP) 6.2 mmHg higher (p < 0.001), diastolic BP 3.2 mmHg higher (p = 0.029), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) 4.1 mmHg higher (p = 0.003) than those born vaginally. After covariate adjustments, SBP and MAP remained 4.1 mmHg (p = 0.006) and 2.9 mmHg (p = 0.021) higher, respectively, in the CS group. The prevalence of abnormal SBP (i.e., pre-hypertension or hypertension) in the CS group was 2.5 times that of those born vaginally (25.0% vs 10.3%; p = 0.003), with an adjusted relative risk of abnormal SBP 1.9 times higher (95% CI 1.15, 2.98; p = 0.011). There were no differences in anthropometry (including obesity risk) or other metabolic parameters. In this birth cohort in Thailand, CS delivery was associated with increased blood pressure in young adulthood.

Download Full-text

Insulin resistance predicts incident hypertension in lean persons and Genetic characteristics modify the blood pressure effect of exercise

American Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1038/ajh.2011.129 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 24 (9) ◽

pp. 959-959

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Pressure Effect ◽

Genetic Characteristics ◽

Incident Hypertension ◽

Blood Pressure Effect

Download Full-text

Elevated serum uric acid is associated with incident hypertension in the health according to various contemporary blood pressure guidelines

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.numecd.2021.01.003 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cheng-Wei Liu ◽

Shin-Rong Ke ◽

Guo-Shiang Tseng ◽

Yen-Wen Wu ◽

Juey-Jen Hwang

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Incident Hypertension

Download Full-text

Abstract 062: Aortic Stiffness, Blood Pressure Progression and Incident Hypertension: The Framingham Heart Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.a062 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Bernhard M Kaess ◽

Jian Rong ◽

Martin G Larson ◽

Naomi M Hamburg ◽

Joseph A Vita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Aortic Stiffness ◽

Wave Amplitude ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Vascular Stiffness ◽

Flow Mediated Dilation ◽

Forward Wave ◽

Incident Hypertension

Background: Increased vascular stiffness and excessive blood pressure (BP) pulsatility are important risk factors for age-related morbidity. Vascular stiffness and BP pulsatility are related, with a prevailing view that hypertension antedates and contributes to premature vascular aging and a secondary increase in vascular stiffness. However, temporal relations between comprehensive vascular measures and BP elevation have not been fully delineated in a large community-based sample. Methods: We examined longitudinal relations of BP and 3 measures of vascular stiffness and pressure pulsatility derived from arterial tonometry (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [CFPWV], forward wave amplitude and augmentation index) over a 7-year period in 1,898 Framingham Offspring participants (mean age 60 yrs, 1,057 women). We also examined relations between measures of microvascular and endothelial function derived from brachial artery Doppler and future progression of BP or vascular stiffness. Results: In multivariable-adjusted regression models, baseline tonometry measures were separately and jointly associated with higher systolic and pulse pressure and incident hypertension ( Table ). Conversely, higher baseline BP was associated with higher forward wave amplitude and augmentation index (all p<0.05) but not CFPWV at follow-up. Higher baseline resting brachial artery flow and lower flow-mediated dilation were associated with incident hypertension in models that included BP and tonometry measures ( Table ). Conclusion: Higher aortic stiffness (CFPWV), pressure pulsatility (forward wave amplitude), and wave reflection (augmentation index) and lower flow-mediated dilation are associated with blood pressure progression and incident hypertension. Our findings support the notion of aortic stiffness as a precursor of hypertension and further suggest a vicious cycle of increasing pressure pulsatility with advancing age. Table. Correlates of incident hypertension. Predictor Variables (baseline) OR 95% CI P Systolic BP 3.24 (2.17; 4.84) <0.0001 Diastolic BP 1.47 (1.13; 1.92) 0.0042 CFPWV 1.30 (1.02; 1.67) 0.037 Forward wave amplitude 1.66 (1.32; 2.09) <0.0001 Augmentation index 1.78 (1.45; 2.17) <0.0001 Brachial artery baseline flow 1.23 (1.05; 1.45) 0.013 Flow-mediated dilation 0.83 (0.70; 0.98) 0.029 Results of a single multivariable model that further adjusted for age,sex, BMI, height and triglycerides in 1,019 participants free of hypertension at baseline who experienced 337 cases of incident hypertension during follow-up. OR expressed per 1 SD of the independent variable.

Download Full-text

What Is the Relationship Between Dairy Intake and Blood Pressure in Black and White Children and Adolescents Enrolled in a Weight Management Program?

Journal of the American Heart Association ◽

10.1161/jaha.116.004593 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Diane M. DellaValle ◽

Janet Carter ◽

Molly Jones ◽

Melissa Howard Henshaw

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Weight Management ◽

Management Program ◽

Weight Management Program ◽

White Children ◽

Black And White ◽

Dairy Intake ◽

The Relationship

Download Full-text

Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Blood Pressure in Older Adults

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.14703 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 236-243

Author(s):

David A. Drew ◽

Ronit Katz ◽

Stephen Kritchevsky ◽

Joachim H. Ix ◽

Michael G. Shlipak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Older Adults ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽

Fibroblast Growth ◽

Antihypertensive Medications ◽

Incident Hypertension ◽

Blood Pressures ◽

The Mean ◽

Fgf 23

FGF-23 (fibroblast growth factor 23) regulates phosphorus and vitamin D. Elevated FGF-23 is associated with incident hypertension in young- and middle-aged adults, but there is limited data in older adults. Serum FGF-23 was measured using an intact ELISA assay in 2496 participants of the Healthy Aging and Body Composition Study. The association between FGF-23 and prevalent hypertension (self-reported and confirmed by use of antihypertensive medications) and number of antihypertensive medications was determined. The associations between FGF-23 and incident hypertension, and diastolic and systolic blood pressure trajectories were evaluated over 10 years. Models were adjusted for demographics, estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and measures of mineral metabolism. The mean (SD) age was 75 (3) years, with 51% women, and 40% black participants. The prevalence of hypertension at baseline was 75% and the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 134 (21) mm Hg and 70 (12) mm Hg, respectively. The majority of participants without hypertension at baseline developed incident hypertension (576 of 1109 or 52%). In adjusted models, each 2-fold higher FGF-23 was associated with prevalent baseline hypertension (odds ratio=1.46 [1.24–1.73]) and greater number of blood pressure medications (IRR=1.14 [1.08–1.21]) but not with baseline diastolic or systolic blood pressure. In fully adjusted longitudinal analyses, a 2-fold higher FGF-23 was associated with incident hypertension (hazard ratio=1.18 [1.03–1.36]) and worsening systolic blood pressures (β=0.24 [0.08–0.40] mm Hg per year increase), but not with diastolic blood pressures (β=0.04 [−0.04 to 0.12] mm Hg per year increase). Higher FGF-23 concentrations are associated with prevalent and incident hypertension as well as rising systolic blood pressures in community-living older adults.

Download Full-text