Serum TNF-α, IL-6, lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody in women with and without a past history of recurrent miscarriage

Background and Objective: HIV infection is also a cause of postpartum depression, however, in Vietnam, there has not yet the prevalence of postpartum depression in HIV infected women. The objective is to determine prevalence and related factors of postpartum depression in HIV infected women. Materials and Methods: From November 30th, 2012 to March 30th, 2014, a prospective cohort study is done at Dong Nai and Binh Duong province. The sample includes135 HIV infected women and 405 non infected women (ratio 1/3) who accepted to participate to the research. We used “Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as a screening test when women hospitalized for delivery and 1 week, 6weeks postpartum. Mother who score EPDS ≥ 13 are likely to be suffering from depression. We exclude women who have EPDS ≥ 13 since just hospitalize. Data are collected by a structural questionaire. Results: At 6 weeks postpartum, prevalence of depression in HIV infected women is 61%, in the HIV non infected women is 8.7% (p < 0.001). There are statistical significant differences (p<0.05) between two groups for some factors: education, profession, income, past history of depression, child’s health, breast feeding. Logistical regression analysis determine these factors are related with depression: late diagnosis of HIV infection, child infected of HIV, feeling guilty of HIV infected and feeling guilty with their family. Multivariate regression analysis showed 4 factors are related with depression: HIV infection, living in the province, child’s health, past history of depression. Conclusion: Prevalence of postpartum depression in HIV infected women is 61.2%; risk of depression of postnatal HIV infected women is 6.4 times the risk of postnatal HIV non infected women, RR=6.4 (95% CI:4.3 – 9.4). Domestic women have lower risk than immigrant women from other province, RR=0.72 (95% CI:0.5 – 0.9). Past history of depression is a risk factor with RR=1.7 (95% CI:1.02 – 0.9. Women whose child is weak or die, RR=1.7(95% CI:0.9 – 3.1). Keywords: Postpartum depression, HIV-positive postpartum women

Download Full-text

Nonlocal Gravity

10.1093/oso/9780198803805.001.0001 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Bahram Mashhoon

Keyword(s):

Gravitational Field ◽

Gravitational Lensing ◽

Past History ◽

Lorentz Invariance ◽

Minkowski Spacetime ◽

Field Measurements ◽

Local Principle ◽

History Of ◽

Expansion Of The Universe ◽

Nearby Galaxies

A postulate of locality permeates through the special and general theories of relativity. First, Lorentz invariance is extended in a pointwise manner to actual, namely, accelerated observers in Minkowski spacetime. This hypothesis of locality is then employed crucially in Einstein’s local principle of equivalence to render observers pointwise inertial in a gravitational field. Field measurements are intrinsically nonlocal, however. To go beyond the locality postulate in Minkowski spacetime, the past history of the accelerated observer must be taken into account in accordance with the Bohr-Rosenfeld principle. The observer in general carries the memory of its past acceleration. The deep connection between inertia and gravitation suggests that gravity could be nonlocal as well and in nonlocal gravity the fading gravitational memory of past events must then be taken into account. Along this line of thought, a classical nonlocal generalization of Einstein’s theory of gravitation has recently been developed. In this nonlocal gravity (NLG) theory, the gravitational field is local, but satisfies a partial integro-differential field equation. A significant observational consequence of this theory is that the nonlocal aspect of gravity appears to simulate dark matter. The implications of NLG are explored in this book for gravitational lensing, gravitational radiation, the gravitational physics of the Solar System and the internal dynamics of nearby galaxies as well as clusters of galaxies. This approach is extended to nonlocal Newtonian cosmology, where the attraction of gravity fades with the expansion of the universe. Thus far only some of the consequences of NLG have been compared with observation.

Download Full-text

Do Deeper Levels of Cervical Biopsies Preceded by a Pap Smear Diagnosis of LSIL, ASCUS, or NILM/HPV+ Increase the Yield of Identifying Clinically Significant Lesions?

American Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.356 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S163-S164

Author(s):

K G Manjee ◽

W G Watkin

Keyword(s):

Pap Smear ◽

Past History ◽

Prior History ◽

Cervical Biopsy ◽

P16 Immunohistochemistry ◽

Hpv Status ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Almost All

Abstract Introduction/Objective Cervical biopsy is performed following an abnormal pap smear or positive HPV testing in an attempt to uncover clinically significant lesions [HSIL/invasive carcinoma (HSIL+)]. An excisional procedure is considered if biopsy confirms HSIL+. When preceded by pap smear of LSIL, ASCUS, NILM/HPV+ or persistent HPV, continued surveillance is recommended for biopsies showing no SIL or LSIL. In our laboratory, cervical biopsies are routinely sectioned at 3 levels. Deeper levels are often ordered when initial sections are non-diagnostic. p16 immunohistochemistry, with or without deeper levels, is often ordered to confirm HSIL, or to differentiate HSIL from mimics. In this study, we examine whether and in what clinical situations does obtaining additional levels uncover clinically significant lesions. Methods 430 cervical biopsies between January-May 2018, with recent cytology of LSIL, ASCUS or NILM/HPV+ were identified in the pathology database. HPV status (if known), final biopsy diagnosis and past history of LSIL/HSIL were recorded. For each biopsy, orders for additional levels and/or p16 immunohistochemistry were recorded resulting in 4 categories: C1-no additional levels or p16, C2-deeper only, C3-deeper+p16 and C4-p16 only. Final diagnoses were divided into HSIL+, LSIL and no SIL. Results There was no significant difference in prior history of LSIL/HSIL and HPV status between all categories. Biopsy results were as follows: HSIL+: 11/222 (5%) C1; 1/78 (1%) C2; 7/43 (16%) C3; 15/87 (17%) C4 LSIL: 91/222 (41%) C1; 7/78 (9%) C2; 16/43 (37%) C3; 35/87 (40%) C4 No SIL: 120/222 (54%) C1; 70/78 (90%) C2; 20/43 (46%) C3; 37/87 (42%) C4 The average number of additional levels in C2 and C3 was 3.8 and 1.8, respectively. Conclusion Deeper levels alone did not enhance the detection of HSIL+. Almost all LSIL/HSIL were detected when initial levels were diagnostic or suspicious and supported by p16 immunohistochemistry. 3 levels are adequate to detect clinically significant lesions.

Download Full-text

Tapering body stiffness shortens upper gastrointestinal examination via transoral insertion with ultrathin endoscope

Endoscopy International Open ◽

10.1055/a-1266-3203 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 08 (12) ◽

pp. E1748-E1753

Author(s):

Satoshi Ono ◽

Shun Ito ◽

Kyohei Maejima ◽

Shosuke Hosaka ◽

Kiyotaka Umeki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Past History ◽

Insertion Time ◽

Trade Off ◽

Examination Time ◽

Total Examination Time ◽

History Of ◽

Food Residues ◽

Gastrointestinal Examination ◽

Upper Gastrointestinal

Abstract Background and study aims Ultrathin endoscopes are commonly used for surveillance esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) to reduce discomfort associated with scope insertion. However, the flexibility of an ultrathin endoscope is a trade-off between reducing discomfort and lengthening examination time. Patients and methods The EG17-J10 (EG17) is a novel ultrathin endoscope characterized by its tapering body stiffness; however, the flexibility of its tip is comparable to that of the traditional ultrathin endoscope EG16-K10 (EG16). We compared EGD examination time between EG17 and EG16. A total of 319 examinees who underwent EGD from November 2019 to January 2020 at the Chiba-Nishi General Hospital were enrolled. Six examinees were excluded due to past history of surgical resection of the upper gastrointestinal tract or too much food residues; 313 examinees (EG17, 209; EG16,104) were retrospectively analyzed. The examination time was divided into three periods: esophageal insertion time (ET), gastroduodenal insertion time (GDT), and surveillance time of the stomach (ST). The total amount of ET, GDT, and ST was defined as total examination time (TT). Results TT of EGD using EG17 was significantly shorter compared to EGD using EG16 (222.7 ± 68.9 vs. 245.7 ± 78.5 seconds) (P = 0.004). Among the three periods of examination time, ET (66.7 ± 24.1 vs. 76.0 ± 24.1 seconds) (P = 0.001) and GDT (47.9 ± 17.4 vs. 55.2 ± 35.2 seconds) (P = 0.007) of EGD using EG17 were significantly shorter compared to EGD using EG16, except for ST (108.1 ± 51.5.1 vs. 114.5 ± 50.1 seconds) (P = 0.148). Conclusion An ultrathin endoscope with tapering body stiffness can shorten EGD examination time, mainly due to the shortening of insertion time.

Download Full-text

Presence of low voltage area predicts atrial tachyarrhythmia inducibility with atrial burst pacing after pulmonary vein isolation

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0595 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

S Kawai ◽

K Nagaoka ◽

S Takase ◽

K Sakamoto ◽

H Ikuta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Vein ◽

Pulmonary Vein Isolation ◽

Left Atrial ◽

Low Voltage ◽

Past History ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Atrial Tachyarrhythmia ◽

Chads2 Score ◽

Atrial Capture ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Induction of atrial fibrillation (AF)/atrial tachycardia (AT) by atrial burst pacing following ablation procedure may reflect the presence of residual substrates in the atria that maintain AF. However, the relation between the inducibility and left atrial low voltage area (LVA) has not been established. Methods Fifty-nine patients (65 years old, 43 males) with persistent AF who underwent pulmonary vein isolation (PVI)-based ablation were studied. All patients underwent left atrial voltage mapping during sinus rhythm and atrial burst pacing after PVI. Atrial burst pacing was performed with 30-beat at an amplitude of 10V from the ostium of the coronary sinus; increasing from 240 to 320 ppm in steps of 20 ppm or failure to 1:1 atrial capture. Inducibility was defined as AF/AT lasting more than 5 minutes following burst pacing. Left atrial LVA and other co-variates were analyzed with regard to burst pacing positivity. Results AF/AT was induced by burst pacing in 23 patients (39%). Univariate analysis revealed that past history of stroke, CHADS2 score and presence of left atrial LVA were significantly associated with the inducibility of AF/AT. Multivariate analysis revealed that only the presence of LVA was associated with the inducibility (OR 1.5: per 10% increase; p=0.04). We focused on the relationship between the extent of LVA and burst positivity. AF/AT inducibility increased as low voltage area increased, and it was as high as 72.7% when low voltage area was more than 20% (P<0.05). Interestingly, induced arrhythmia type was AT rather than AF when low voltage area was more than 20%. Conclusions Presence of left atrial LVA is an independent predictor of atrial tachyarrhythmia inducibility after PVI in patients with persistent AF. A large amount of low voltage area is related to AT inducibility rather than AF. Extent of LVA and burst positivity Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Download Full-text

Psychosocial, Lifestyle, and Body Weight Impact of COVID-19-Related Lockdown in a Sample of Participants with Current or Past History of Obesity in Spain

Obesity Surgery ◽

10.1007/s11695-021-05225-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amanda Jimenez ◽

Ana de Hollanda ◽

Eva Palou ◽

Emilio Ortega ◽

Alba Andreu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Past History ◽

History Of ◽

Weight Impact ◽

History Of Obesity

Download Full-text

AB0392 THE EFFECT OF HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE ON THE RISK FACTORS FOR ATHEROSCLEROSIS DEVELOPMENT

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5449 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1496.3-1496

Author(s):

R. Wakiya ◽

K. Ueeda ◽

H. Shimada ◽

S. Nakashima ◽

M. Mahmoud Fahmy Mansour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Lupus Nephritis ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Past History ◽

Serum Adiponectin ◽

Rank Test ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Signed Rank Test ◽

Atherosclerosis Development

Background:Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) patients, especially patients with lupus nephritis have poor vascular endothelial function and increased cardiovascular(CV) mortality.Meanwhile, several studies showed hydroxychloroquine(HCQ) has effect on reduction in lipids and thrombosis(1), but the mechanism is unclear.Objectives:We examined effect of HCQ on adipocytokine expression in SLE patients.Methods:52 SLE patients with low disease activity started with HCQ were analyzed before and 3 months after HCQ treatment. 21 SLE patients has past history of lupus nephritis. Serum S100 proteins and adipocytokines were measured by ELISA, and serum inflammatory ctytokine levels were evaluated by Multiplex assay (TNF-α, IL-6, VEGF-A).Results:Serum adiponectin level was increased significantly 3 months after HCQ treatment compared with those at baseline (mean change 1.35, Figure 1). SLE patients who achieved LLDAS had a greater increase than those who did not. Additionally, the changes of serum adiponectin levels were associated with those of TNF-α, IL-6, VEGF-A and S100A9 protein, which plays an important role of SLE pathogenesis.Figure 1.Serum adiponectin levels at baseline were compared with levels after 3 months of HCQ treatment. Serum adiponectin levels significantly decreasing during HCQ treatment in SLE patients. For statistical analyses *p<0.0001,Pvalue: Wilcoxon signed-rank testConclusion:A HCQ could reduce the risk factors for atherosclerosis along with control of SLE disease activity.References:[1]Wallace DJ, et al. Cholesterol-lowering effect of hydroxychloroquine in patients with rheumatic disease: reversal of deleterious effects of steroids on lipids. Am J Med. 1990; 89: 322-6.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Download Full-text