scholarly journals “Guboow”—child abuse or traditional medical treatment? a case report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lange-Herr ◽  
A. Rindlisbacher ◽  
F. Romano ◽  
C. Jackowski
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Child Protective Services ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Emergency Physicians ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Child Protection Services ◽  
The Family ◽  
Clear Information

AbstractThe examination of children suspected of being abused poses a great challenge for forensic pathologists. The risk of misjudgment is high and can have serious consequences for the child and the family. In unclear cases, an assessment should always be carried out on an interdisciplinary basis with the involvement of the relevant disciplines such as pediatrics, dermatology, or radiology. We present the case of a 2.5-year-old boy who was presented by his parents at the Pediatric Emergency Department of a Swiss University Hospital due to fever and weight loss. During the physical examination, conspicuous findings on the abdomen were present, and the responsible emergency physicians informed the child protective services. A clinical forensic examination occurred on behalf of the child protection services. The abdomen of the child showed several symmetrical scars. The initial questioning of the parents did not provide clear information about the origin of the injuries. Further professional questioning of the family by the child protective services concluded that the injuries were the result of a traditional medical treatment in Somalia, which occurred several weeks before.

scholarly journals Strengths and problems of families in contact with child protective services during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Witte ◽  
Heinz Kindler
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Child Protective Services ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
The Family ◽  
Child And Youth Welfare ◽  
The Face ◽  
Adaptation Response ◽  
Perceived Effects

Objective: The study investigates the dynamics within families in contact with child protective services in reaction to the Covid-19 pandemic as perceived by social workers. Based on the Family Adjustment and Adaptation Response (FAAR) model, strengths and problems are outlined. Background: Following the first lockdown of public life in March 2020, concerns about children’s well-being have been raised. Practitioners and scientists alike worried that particularly children in families with multiple problems would suffer severe abuse and neglect. However, it remains unclear how these families have actually been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic and the measures to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Method: Child protection caseworkers from 40 child and youth welfare authorities across Germany were interviewed twice via telephone. The first interview was conducted during summer 2020, and the second interview two months later. Caseworkers were questioned about their professional experience in their daily work since March 2020. Moreover, they provided information on the perceived effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on families in contact with child protective services. Results: The interviews were analyzed using content analyses. Six overall challenges for families were identified. Families reacted differently to these. The caseworkers reported problems in families like increased parental conflict, media use, and alcohol consumption during the first lockdown. Nevertheless in some families, the caseworkers also perceived there to be less stress and tension during the lockdown in March 2020 due to fewer school requirements. Furthermore, some families were able to establish routines, activate resources, and find solutions for problems on their own. At the time of the second interview, some families’ problems had increased, particularly regarding children’s difficulties at school due to insufficient homeschooling. Conclusion: The results show that the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on child protection families are positive and negative. Some are resourceful in the face of adversities, and others show an aggravation of problems. The results are discussed in light of findings on family dynamics during the Covid-19 pandemic in other countries.

Maltreatment Type Classifications and Transitions During Childhood for a California Birth Cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 107755952110067
Author(s):  
John Prindle ◽  
Regan Foust ◽  
Emily Putnam-Hornstein
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Child Protective Services ◽  
Latent Transition Analysis ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
Children In Foster Care ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Maltreatment Type

Childhood maltreatment involves dynamics between the type of maltreatment experienced and the context of maltreatment. Reports of alleged maltreatment to child protective services may overlap and shift over time, complicating understanding of their independent and interacting nature, including how child protection systems respond. Latent class analysis (LCA) and latent transition analysis (LTA) were used to construct data-based models of longitudinal dynamics of alleged maltreatment throughout childhood. We sought to identify patterns leading to system decisions to substantiate allegations of maltreatment and place children in foster care. Using linked birth and child protection records, we defined a cohort of children born in California in 1999, 29.4% of whom had at least one referral for alleged maltreatment before their 18th birthday. Maltreatment and perpetrator indicators were coded, and LCA identified five alleged maltreatment classes and one class of children without referrals. LTA determined consistency of classifications and estimated transitions between classes over age periods. Children with multitype maltreatment patterns or experiences of neglect were most likely to experience future maltreatment allegations. Estimated probabilities of placement indicated children with Multitype Maltreatment allegations were more likely to experience substantiated maltreatment allegations and out-of-home placements. Findings identify a repeatable method for better understanding complex systems.

scholarly journals Familiares e representações do medo e sofrimento emocional da criança na emergência: reeducação colaborativa no cuidado

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1530-1549
Author(s):  
Silvia Helena Oliveira Da Cunha ◽  
Eliane Ramos Pereira ◽  
Rose Mary Costa Rosa Andrade Silva ◽  
Renata Carla Nencetti Pereira Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
The Family ◽  
Culture Of Fear

Problema: Relações entre família e criança hospitalizada no contexto da emergência, reforçam frequentemente a cultura do medo por meio de condutas que a amedrontam demasiadamente, especialmente quando submetidas aos procedimentos dolorosos. Objetivos: analisar representações sociais da família acerca do sofrimento da criança na emergência; identificar a cultura do medo no contexto das representações da família e implicações; elaborar cartilha aos familiares como ferramenta facilitadora na minimização do estresse psicológico da criança. Método: Estudo descritivo, abordagem qualitativa, pautada na Teoria das Representações Sociais, utilizou-se técnicas de evocação livre, entrevista semiestruturada e observação participante. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de Bardin e classificados em cinco categorias: 1) profissionais de saúde; 2) objetos estranhos; 3) evento indesejável; 4) bactéria e infecção hospitalares e 5) medo da morte da criança. O estudo realizado na emergência pediátrica de um hospital universitário no município de Niterói/RJ e cujos sujeitos foram os familiares que acompanharam as crianças hospitalizadas. Conclusão: Percebe-se no cotidiano da emergência, que crianças sofrem dor emocional, antes da dor física, visto que medo excessivo da criança é culturalmente incentivado e aceito pelas famílias. Desconstruí-lo com educação e reforço positivo é eficaz ferramenta estratégica de promoção da saúde emocional ao binômio criança-família.   Problem: Relationships between hospitalized family and child in the emergency context often reinforce the culture of fear through behaviors that frighten her too much, especially when subjected to painful procedures. Objectives: to analyze social representations of the family about the suffering of the child in the emergency; Identify the culture of fear in the context of family representations and implications; To elaborate a booklet for the family as a facilitating tool in minimizing the psychological stress of the child. Method: Descriptive study, qualitative approach, based on Social Representations Theory, we used free evocation techniques, semi-structured interview and participant observation. The data were submitted to the analysis of Bardin and classified into five categories: 1) health professionals; 2) foreign objects; 3) undesirable event; 4) hospital bacterium and infection; and 5) fear of child death. The study carried out in the pediatric emergency of a university hospital in the city of Niterói / RJ and whose subjects were the relatives who accompanied the hospitalized children. Conclusion: It is noticed in the daily emergency that children suffer emotional pain, before physical pain, since excessive fear of the child is culturally encouraged and accepted by families. Deconstructing it with education and positive reinforcement is an effective strategic tool for promoting emotional health to the binomial child-family.

Getting Eyes in the Home: Child Protective Services Investigations and State Surveillance of Family Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelley Fong
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Child Protective Services ◽  
The State ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
State Surveillance ◽  
Domestic Lives ◽  
Institutional Engagement ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Marginalized Families

Each year, U.S. child protection authorities investigate millions of families, disproportionately poor families and families of color. These investigations involve multiple home visits to collect information across numerous personal domains. How does the state gain such widespread entrée into the intimate, domestic lives of marginalized families? Predominant theories of surveillance offer little insight into this process and its implications. Analyzing observations of child maltreatment investigations in Connecticut and interviews with professionals reporting maltreatment, state investigators, and investigated mothers, this article argues that coupling assistance with coercive authority—a hallmark of contemporary poverty governance—generates an expansive surveillance of U.S. families by attracting referrals from adjacent systems. Educational, medical, and other professionals invite investigations of families far beyond those ultimately deemed maltreating, with the hope that child protection authorities’ dual therapeutic and coercive capacities can rehabilitate families, especially marginalized families. Yet even when investigations close, this arrangement, in which service systems channel families to an entity with coercive power, fosters apprehension among families and thwarts their institutional engagement. These findings demonstrate how, in an era of welfare retrenchment, rehabilitative poverty governance renders marginalized populations hyper-visible to the state in ways that may reinforce inequality and marginality.

Children and Young People in Out-of-Home Care: Treating and preventing individual, programmatic and systems abuse.

1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Cavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Vulnerable Children ◽  
Developmental Needs ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Child Protection Services ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
The Family

It is well recognised that the maltreatment of children results from a range of factors; some residing within the person, their family history and background, and others, clearly attributable to social stress and difficulties originating external to the family. In the last few decades, child welfare efforts have centred on the improvement of Child Protection Services and raising the prevention of child abuse as a community concern. More recently, attention has been focussed on strengthening the capacity of families to nurture and protect their own as the best means of meeting the developmental needs of children. However, our best efforts to assist families may still necessitate removal to protect the child.Research has identified that children removed for their own protection may be at even greater risk in out-of-home care. (Ryan 1987, Dawson 1984) Whether the incidence of abuse of children in out-of-home care is currently equivalent or higher than for the general population, is at this point a secondary concern. Out-of-home care is an essential and complex service. It is imperative to acknowledge that abuse can occur within the very system entrusted with the responsibility of protecting and caring for vulnerable children and young people.

Victoria's Protective services and the ‘Interim’ Fogarty Report: Is This the Right Road at Last?

1990 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Goddard
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Interim Report ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Child Protection Services ◽  
History Of ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
The Right

The history of the provision of child protection services in Victoria, and the lack thereof, is a long and complex one. Yet another twist in the tale occurred recently.A report by Mr Justice Fogarty and Mrs Delys Sargeant, entitled Protective Services for Children in Victoria: An Interim Report, was released in January 1989. This report (hereinafter the Fogarty Report) was commissioned by the Victorian Government in August 1988:“… to inquire into and advise it upon the operation of Victoria's child protection system and on measures to improve its effectiveness and efficiency.”

We Are Family: Specifying the Unique Contribution of Abuse and Neglect of Siblings on the Prevalence, Severity, and Chronicity of Maltreatment in the Household

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (15) ◽  
pp. 2420-2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Spano
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Child Protective Services ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Window Of Opportunity ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Youth Survey ◽  
The Family ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Single Child

Prior research typically focuses on a single child (“index” victim) when measuring child abuse and neglect (CAN) using Child Protective Services (CPS) records. However, excluding siblings has the potential to underestimate estimates of the prevalence, severity, and chronicity of CAN in the household, which includes all children in the family. CPS maltreatment records were searched in 2005 for 366 “index” victims who were surveyed for 5 consecutive years (from 1998 to 2002) for the Mobile Youth Survey (MYS) as well as other siblings in the household. The estimate of prevalence of CAN in the household increased by 10% when sibling(s) in the household were included in the CPS search. In addition, prevalence of sexual abuse in the household increased by 38% when siblings were included in the broader search of CPS records. More importantly, including sibling victims of CAN uncovered incidents of maltreatment that occurred before the birth of the targeted MYS “index” victim. In short, the inclusion of abuse and neglect of siblings is a straightforward and intuitive way to improve estimates of abuse and neglect in the household. More importantly, the age of onset of CAN of sibling victims provides a wider window of opportunity to identify at-risk families for targeted interventions and may represent a critical stepping stone toward the primary prevention of CAN in the household.

scholarly journals Toward Community Control of Child Welfare Funding

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Olivia Burton ◽  
Angeline Montauban
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
New York ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Child Protective Services ◽  
Black Families ◽  
Child Abuse Prevention ◽  
Community Control ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

The Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act mandates reporting, investigation,and prosecution of allegedly abusive and neglectful parents. Commonly known as child protective services (CPS), this family policing system uses the government’s  police power to disrupt, surveil, control, and destroy hundreds of thousands of Black families based on conditions of poverty framed as neglect. Centering a Black mother’s five-year long ordeal with New York City’s family policing system, we examine the carceral roots of CPS and its destructive impacts on Black families. We call for abolishing the CPS family policing system; diversion of the billions invested in the foster industry to investment in quality-of-life resources de-linked from so-called “child protection”; and monetary reparations for generations of CPS violence against Black families.

Following the Report

2019 ◽  
pp. 202-221
Author(s):  
Lea Tufford
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Potential Outcomes ◽  
Child Protection Services ◽  
Practice Models ◽  
The Family ◽  
Indigenous Children ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Reporting Source

This chapter discusses what happens after a report to Child Protection Services (CPS), including foundations of CPS authority, contact with the reporting source, interviews with children, parental consent, physical examinations, interviewer skills, service to Indigenous children, and practice models. This content is embedded in a demonstration of the child protection services path. By clarifying the processes and potential outcomes of a child protection investigation, this chapter aims to increase mandatory reporters’ comfort level and knowledge base when contacting CPS. The information provided herein about child protection investigations aims to increase reporters’ sense of confidence and credibility when reporting, which may subsequently enhance their feeling of efficacy when advocating for the family.

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