scholarly journals Digitalised exercise material in forensic odontology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina C. Knivsberg ◽  
Simen E. Kopperud ◽  
Mai-Britt Bjørk ◽  
Gerald Torgersen ◽  
Katarzyna Skramstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Development ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Educational Material ◽  
Teaching Material ◽  
Electronic Patient Records ◽  
Dental Identification ◽  
Digital Radiographs ◽  
Teaching Concept ◽  
Dental Records

Abstract Introduction This paper presents digital educational material in forensic odontology, including dental identification after multiple fatalities and dental age estimation from different age groups. Material and method Electronic patient records consisting of intraoral scans of the dentition, digital radiographs, photographs and written dental records were collected. Exercises in age estimations contained digital radiographs and photographs of ground tooth sections, with digital measuring tools and tables according to age groups. The teaching material was organised as a module in an electronic Learning Management System with external links to all relevant teaching material. Results For the identification exercises, intraoral scans and the latest digital radiographs simulated the postmortem examination of the deceased. For comparison, all other radiographs, photographs and dental records were available as antemortem material. The exercise was to match postmortem findings with the antemortem records using the Interpol standard and reconciliation. Age assessment of children used designated tables to grade tooth development on digital radiographs. For adults, non-destructive methods, digital radiographs, photographs and measuring tools were used. Discussion The teaching concept was hybrid, but it can easily be adapted as a fully digital exercise. The instructions and written material can be translated into different languages. The level of difficulty in the exercises can be adjusted according to the participant’s level of knowledge. Conclusion The educational material embraces the new possibilities for digitalisation and intraoral scanning. This might be a valuable tool for motivating and engaging the students in their participation and understanding of the subject.

scholarly journals Maintenance of Dental Records and Forensic Odontology Awareness: A Survey of Croatian Dentists with Implications for Dental Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Ivana Savić Pavičin ◽  
Ana Jonjić ◽  
Ivana Maretić ◽  
Jelena Dumančić ◽  
Ajla Zymber Çeshko
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Dental Education ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
General Information ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Dental Identification ◽  
Forensic Expertise ◽  
Dental Records

Forensic odontology is the application of dentistry within the criminal justice system. Forensic expertise, including dental identification, mostly relies on dental records. We explored the practice of maintaining dental records among Croatian dentists, as well as their knowledge of legal regulations and the application of dental records in forensic odontology. In all, 145 dentists participated in an online survey. Questions covered general information on dentists, maintenance of dental records, and knowledge of legal requirements and forensic odontology. Overall, 70% of dentists obtain and archive written informed consents, while 87% record dental status. Generally, non-carious dental lesions and developmental dental anomalies were not recorded. About 72% of dentists record filling material and surfaces. Only 32% of dentists know the legal requirements for keeping records, whereas 21% have no knowledge of forensic odontology and its purpose. The survey revealed different practices in the maintenance of dental records, including significant flaws and lack of awareness of its forensic importance. This obvious need for additional education on proper maintenance of dental records could be met by including forensic odontology in compulsory undergraduate courses and postgraduate dental education. Establishing national and international standards in dental charting would comply with contemporary trends in health care and the requirements of forensic expertise.

scholarly journals Palatal rugoscopy: Individuality and gender differences in subset of population of Karachi.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (06) ◽  
pp. 842-847
Author(s):  
Sanam Faheem ◽  
Suraiya Hirani ◽  
Shahida Maqsood ◽  
Faheem Shaikh ◽  
Maqsood Ahmed Soomro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Interval Data ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Identification ◽  
Palatal Rugae ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dental Abnormality ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Gender

Objectives: To evaluate the individuality of palatal rugae patten and correlate them in males and females in different age groups by using Trobo’s classification. Study Design: Cross Sectional. Setting: Department of Prosthodontics, Dow Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences. Period: September 2019 to January 2020. Material & Methods: This study comprised of ninety-four participants with equal number of males and females from 10 years to 70 years, visiting the Prosthodontic department. Study casts included were free of dental abnormality, trauma, malocclusion, orthodontic problems, and deformity in palatal rugae area. Sample size was calculated from software name openepi.com with 95% confidence interval. Data was tabulated and SPSS version 22.0 was used to identify the results. Results: Frequency distribution was performed among age groups in which second group (20 to 39 years) has highest frequency with 52 in number. The cross tab between age group and type of rugae was made which showed group II, having age between 20 to 39 years, had the highest number of palatal rugae configurations amongst all. Conclusion: Sinuous or type E was the predominant type of palatal rugae found in this study. The study did not show significant difference in gender, however number of rugae were found consistently more in young adults with propensity towards individuality. Their use can thus be justified for dental identification in forensic odontology.

scholarly journals Occurrence of the Elongated Styloid Process on Digital Panoramic Radiographs in the Riyadh Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Lingam Amara Swapna ◽  
Nada Tarek AlMegbil ◽  
Alhanouf Othman Almutlaq ◽  
Pradeep Koppolu
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Elongated Styloid Process ◽  
Digital Radiographs ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Orofacial Region ◽  
Measuring Tool

Background. Patients with an elongated styloid process might present with dysphagia and pain in the cervicofacial region. These patients could be misdiagnosed as other orofacial pathologies. Aim. The present study attempted to assess the prevalence of the elongated styloid process on digital panoramic radiographs in the Riyadh population. Materials and Methods. The present prospective randomized study was conducted on the panoramic digital radiographs of 300 randomly selected patients visiting a private dental hospital to identify any elongation of the styloid process. Only the radiographs without any magnification errors were considered. The styloid process length was measured using the Sidexis measuring tool and entered in an Excel spreadsheet with other demographic data. A length beyond 30 mm was considered styloid process elongation. The data were subjected to statistical analysis. Results. The symptoms of styloid process elongation were higher among females (78.6%), and this difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 7.182; P = 0.007 ). No statistically significant association was observed between styloid process elongation and symptoms between different age groups. Females exhibited a significant longer mean length of the styloid process than males. The present study exhibited a 27.3% prevalence for the elongation and calcification of the styloid process. Conclusion. Given the significant prevalence of the elongated styloid process in our study, we recommend it to be considered as one of the differential diagnosis for pain or discomfort in the orofacial region.

On using an iterative learning approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
V.Ya. Gelman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Practical Experience ◽  
Educational Material ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Iterative Approach ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Teaching Concept ◽  
Motivation For Learning ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Material Organization

Investigated are possibilities and features of using the iterative approach, when teaching at university. The article reviews and analyzes data of scientific publications and generalized practical experience. It is shown, that the iterative approach naturally follows from modern teaching concept: “self-study — solution — check — correction”. The importance of closing feedback loop and multiple attempts to obtain correct solution in an iterative approach is noted. Considered is change in the role of teacher in the context of the iterative approach; features of self-study by students of educational material, organization of checking correctness of the task, problems of creating necessary motivation for learning and possibility of transition to distance learning. It is shown, that the iterative approach contributes to individualization of teaching, improving degree of understanding of educational material and development of students’ thinking. In addition, the iterative approach facilitates formation of skills and abilities to rationally organize educational activities and self-master knowledge. The conclusion is made about effectiveness of using the iterative approach in university educational process.

scholarly journals Identification of Deceased Children of Nepal Airlines Crash through Dental Age Estimation

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (208) ◽  
pp. 469-71
Author(s):  
Nitin Kumar Agrawal ◽  
Samarika Dahal ◽  
Harihar Wasti
Keyword(s):  
Age Estimation ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Dental Age ◽  
Dental Age Estimation ◽  
Biological Profile ◽  
Disaster Victim Identification ◽  
Victim Identification ◽  
Dental Identification ◽  
Important Means

Identification of victims in a disaster is a challenging process and requires use of both primary and secondary identifiers. Development of teeth is one of the routinely used methods of age estimation and helps in establishing deceased biological profile. Two children who lost their lives in 2014 in Nepal Airlines crash, were looked for the dental developmental status. One of the children had primary dentition, while the other had mixed dentition. This helped us in estimating age of these individuals reconciled with the chronological age provided by the relatives. This led to the identification of both the children, thus, emphasizing teeth as important means of identification in any disaster. Keywords: dental age; dental identification; disaster victim identification; forensic dentistry; forensic odontology.

scholarly journals Forensic odontology, part 1. Dental identification

BDJ ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 210 (5) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hinchliffe
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Dental Identification

A Ten-Year Longitudinal Study of Caries among Patients Aged 14-72 Years in Norway

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Dobloug ◽  
Jostein Grytten
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Dental Hygienists ◽  
Electronic Patient Records ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Public ◽  
Restorative Treatment

There are few longitudinal studies in which the development of caries over a long period of time has been studied for different age groups. Such studies are important because they can provide information to assess future needs for dental care and the implications if the development of caries is different for patients in different age groups. We describe changes in caries during the period 2003-2012 for several birth cohorts in Norway, using longitudinal data collected annually for each individual during a period of 10 years. The data set included patients born during the period 1940-1989 who received regular dental care in the public dental services in the county of Hedmark - altogether 7,519 patients. Information about caries was obtained from the electronic patient records. Nearly 90% of the patients had no caries for at least 5 years during the 10-year study period, and nearly 50% had no caries for at least 8 years. This pattern was similar for all birth cohorts. The mean number of carious teeth per patient decreased from 2003 to 2012. This decrease was particularly large at the end of the period and among the oldest birth cohorts, i.e. those born in the periods 1940-1949 and 1950-1959. Our findings indicate that the need for restorative treatment is reducing, particularly in the older age groups. Fewer dentists and more dental hygienists may be needed in the future to provide routine follow-up and care.

scholarly journals Dental Evidence in Forensic Identification – An Overview, Methodology and Present Status

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kewal Krishan ◽  
Tanuj Kanchan ◽  
Arun K Garg
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Disaster Victim Identification ◽  
Dental Identification ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
Unique Identity ◽  
Dental Evidence ◽  
Mass Murders

Forensic odontology is primarily concerned with the use of teeth and oral structures for identification in a legal context. Various forensic odontology techniques help in the identification of the human remains in incidents such as terrorists’ attacks, airplane, train and road accidents, fires, mass murders, and natural disasters such as tsunamis, earth quakes and floods, etc. (Disaster Victim Identification-DVI). Dental structures are the hardest and well protected structures in the body. These structures resist decomposition and high temperatures and are among the last ones to disintegrate after death. The principal basis of the dental identification lies in the fact that no two oral cavities are alike and the teeth are unique to an individual. The dental evidence of the deceased recovered from the scene of crime/occurrence is compared with the ante-mortem records for identification. Dental features such as tooth morphology, variations in shape and size, restorations, pathologies, missing tooth, wear patterns, crowding of the teeth, colour and position of the tooth, rotations and other peculiar dental anomalies give every individual a unique identity. In absence of ante-mortem dental records for comparison, the teeth can help in the determination of age, sex, race/ethnicity, habits, occupations, etc. which can give further clues regarding the identity of the individuals. This piece of writing gives an overview of dental evidence, its use in forensic identification and its limitations.

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