scholarly journals New awakenings: current understanding of sleep dysfunction and its treatment in Parkinson’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 267 (1) ◽  
pp. 288-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay H. M. Keir ◽  
David P. Breen
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Prodromal Phase ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
New Treatment

AbstractThe non-motor features of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are increasingly being recognised. This review deals with the spectrum of sleep disorders associated with PD, which have a multifactorial aetiology and can significantly have an impact on the quality of life of patients and their carers. Some sleep disorders represent a prodromal phase of PD, with REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) being of particular interest in this regard, whereas others become more common as the disease advances. Understanding the pathophysiology of these sleep disturbances will hopefully lead to new treatment opportunities in the future. The recent discovery of the glymphatic system for removal of waste products from the brain has also raised the possibility that sleep disruption may cause or accelerate the underlying disease process.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SLEEP DISTURBANCES ON COGNITIVE DECLINE IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON’S DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Shkodina ◽  
Kateryna Tarianyk ◽  
Dmytro Boiko
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
The Impact

The article summarizes the arguments and counter-arguments within the scientific discussion on the impact of sleep disorders on the development of cognitive decline in patients with Parkinson's disease. The main purpose of the study is to study the possibility of predicting the development of cognitive decline by assessing the severity of sleep disorders and their differences in the presence of cognitive impairment. Systematization of literature sources and approaches to solving the problem showed that sleep disorders develop in the early stages of Parkinson's disease and are often accompanied by cognitive impairment. Cognitive decline is manifested throughout Parkinson's disease and ranges from moderate in the early stages to dementia in the late stages. The relevance of the study of the relationship between sleep disorders and cognitive functions lies in the possibility of further improving the prediction of the development of cognitive decline in order to effectively correct it. Treatment of sleep disorders can be accompanied by improved memory and even morphological changes in the brain. Therefore, the question arises about the possibility of correcting cognitive decline by influencing sleep disorders. The methodology of the study included assessment of the overall status of patients on a unified scale of Parkinson's disease, Montreal cognitive rating scale and sleep scale in Parkinson's disease. The duration of the study was 8 months. Patients with Parkinson's disease were selected as the study. The article presents the results of a survey of patients who show that patients with Parkinson's disease and cognitive decline showed a predominance of motor disorders, sleep disorders and the overall score on the sleep scale in Parkinson's disease. In the presence of cognitive decline more pronounced disorders of motor functions in everyday life, which can lead to sleep disorders and its quality. The study empirically confirms and theoretically proves that the assessment of sleep disorders can be used to predict the risk of developing cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease. The results of this study may be useful for improving the early diagnosis and prevention of cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease, which, in turn, leads to improved quality of treatment of these patients. Such changes can directly affect the choice of therapeutic tactics and improve the quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease. The question of the features of various sleep disorders and their prognostic value in relation to cognitive decline in patients with various forms of Parkinson's disease remains open.

Effects of various factors on sleep disorders and quality of life in Parkinson’s disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srdjana Telarovic ◽  
Dragana Mijatovic ◽  
Irma Telarovic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Sleep Disorders

scholarly journals Parkinson's Disease and Sleep/Wake Disturbances

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd J. Swick
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Nonmotor Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Behavior

Parkinson's disease (PD) has traditionally been characterized by its cardinal motor symptoms of bradykinesia, rigidity, resting tremor, and postural instability. However, PD is increasingly being recognized as a multidimensional disease associated with myriad nonmotor symptoms including autonomic dysfunction, mood disorders, cognitive impairment, pain, gastrointestinal disturbance, impaired olfaction, psychosis, and sleep disorders. Sleep disturbances, which include sleep fragmentation, daytime somnolence, sleep-disordered breathing, restless legs syndrome (RLS), nightmares, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD), are estimated to occur in 60% to 98% of patients with PD. For years nonmotor symptoms received little attention from clinicians and researchers, but now these symptoms are known to be significant predictors of morbidity in determining quality of life, costs of disease, and rates of institutionalization. A discussion of the clinical aspects, pathophysiology, evaluation techniques, and treatment options for the sleep disorders that are encountered with PD is presented.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF COGNITIVE STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH AKINETIC-RIGID AND TREMOR-DOMINANT PARKINSON’S DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Nurali Zaripov ◽  
◽  
Manizha Ganieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
State Examination

Objective: To study cognitive changes in patients with akinetic-rigid and tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: From January to May 2019 were examined and responded 32 patients with akinetic-rigid (n=15; 46.9%) and tremor-dominant (n=17; 53.1%) PD. The average age of the patients was 66.5±3.7 years. All patients of PD before and after receiving appropriate therapy were responded using the MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) scale to detect the possible cognitive dysfunctions. The study of cognitive functions in patients was conducted before the start of therapy, as well as 3 months after treatment. Results: At the admission, cognitive disorders were more significant in akinetic-rigid PD than in a tremor-dominant PD. After 3 months of appropriate therapy, cognitive dysfunction rates in patients with akinetic-rigid PD improved significantly (p<0.001) in compare to tremor-dominant PD (p<0.05). Conclusions: Using the MMSE scale helps to detect and determine the severity of cognitive changes in a timely manner and the risk of further development of dementia in patients with PD, that allows to start corrective activities in time. Timely detection and appropriate approach to the treatment of the underlying disease and the correction of cognitive impairment significantly improves the quality of life of patients themselves, contributes reducing economic costs. Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, cognitive disorders, akinetic-rigid and tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease, MMSE scale.

scholarly journals The effect of laughter yoga exercises on anxiety and sleep quality in patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (07) ◽  
pp. 1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Memarian ◽  
Afsaneh Sanatkaran ◽  
Seyyed Mohialdin Bahari
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Improve Sleep Quality

Background: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of laughter yoga exercises on anxiety and sleep quality in patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease. Methods: In the study a semi-empirical and applied research design was used, which involved a pre-test and post-test, and appropriate control group. The study consisted of 24 patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease who were referred and admitted to Hazarate Raoul Allah Hospital in Tehran, Iran. The patients ranged in age from 55 to 75 and met the study criteria prior to entering the research study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups – control or experimental (n=12 per group). After completing exercises (laughter yoga), post-evaluation of anxiety and sleep quality of patients in both groups were conducted using questionnaires. For normalization of research data, the Mann-Whitney nonparametric test was used. Statistical analyses were conducted using the SPSS software, with the statistically significant level set at P<0.05. Results: The Mann-Whitney tests indicated that there was a significant difference between the  average stress change as well as sleep quality in patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease (versus control subjects) following laughter yoga exercises. Indeed, regarding sleep quality laughter yoga was only effective on the subjective quality of sleep and latency in sleeping. There was no observation of a significant effect on the duration of sleep, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping pills, or daily functions of the patients. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrate that laughter yoga exercises can reduce anxiety and improve sleep quality in patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease. As a result, laughter yoga exercises may be beneficial as a complementary therapy with standard treatment methods to reduce anxiety and improve sleep quality in patients with Parkinson's.  

Changes in Nonmotor Symptoms Following an 8-Week Yoga Intervention for People with Parkinson's Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alysha A. Walter ◽  
Em V. Adams ◽  
Marieke Van Puymbroeck ◽  
Brandi M. Crowe ◽  
Enrique Urrea-Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Nonmotor Symptoms ◽  
Yoga Intervention ◽  
Balance Confidence ◽  
Related Quality

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by progressive degenerative motor symptoms (e.g., tremors, impaired balance and gait) and nonmotor symptoms (e.g., fatigue, sleep disturbances, pain) that can negatively influence health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Previous studies have shown that yoga for individuals with PD improves balance, strength, and mobility. However, little research has been conducted to determine the effect of yoga on nonmotor symptoms of PD. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in nonmotor symptoms among individuals with PD following an 8-week yoga intervention. Data used for analyses were part of a larger study that researched improvements in motor function for individuals with PD. Participants (N = 27) were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 12) groups and completed pre- and postintervention quantitative measures. Within-group improvements were statistically significant for fatigue measured by the Parkinson's Fatigue Scale, balance confidence measured by the Activities Balance Confidence Scale, the belief in one's ability to manage falls measured by the Falls Management Scale, activity constraints measured by the Activities Constraint Questionnaire, and PD-specific quality of life measured by the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-8. Across-group changes were statistically significant for activity constraints. Findings indicate yoga may be an efficacious intervention for improving nonmotor symptoms as well as HRQoL for individuals with PD.

scholarly journals Effects of Night-Time Use of Rotigotine on Nocturnal Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesc Vallderiola ◽  
Yaroslau Compta ◽  
Javier Aparicio ◽  
Jaume Tarradellas ◽  
Gabriel Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Open Label Study ◽  
End Of Treatment

Objectives.This open-label study assessed the efficacy and safety of exclusive night-time administration of transdermal rotigotine in patients with nocturnal and early morning PD symptoms.Methods.Patients with PD and nocturnal and early morning symptoms received transdermal rotigotine patches (2–16 mg/24 h) applied in the evening and removed in the morning for 3 months. Sleep disturbance was assessed with modified Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS-2). Other outcomes included a pain visual analogue scale (VAS) and short-form Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-8) for quality of life.Results.74 patients completed treatment in this study. At the end of treatment, PDSS-2 total score had improved by mean 10.9 points from baseline (p< 0.001). All three PDSS-2 domain scores (sleep disturbances, nocturnal motor symptoms, and nocturnal symptoms) were also significantly improved by 41%, 56%, and 48%, respectively (p< 0.001). VAS-pain score decreased from 3.2 to 2.3 (p< 0.001). PDQ-8 score decreased from 23.8 to 18.1 (p< 0.001). The most frequently reported adverse events included nausea (9%), anxiety (4%), and dizziness (4%).Conclusions.Night-time administration of transdermal rotigotine is an effective and well tolerated treatment for nocturnal symptoms in patients with PD.

Altered communication in Parkinson’s disease, its role in stigmatisation of the condition and effect on social relationships

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
B. Polityńska ◽  
O. Pokorska ◽  
A. Łukaszyk-Spryszak ◽  
A. Kowalewicz
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Communication Difficulties ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects ◽  
Facial Expressivity

</br>Communication difficulties in Parkinson’s disease (PD) arise not only as the result of the motor symptoms of the disorder, but also as a consequence of cognitive and affective impairments which are recognised as being part of the disease process. These changes are thought to account for much of the stigma associated with the condition, thereby complicating the ability of patients to inter-relate with others, including their closest family. This inevitably affects quality of life for both the patient and those family members involved in his/her care. <br/>The present paper presents an analysis of how the deficits in motor and cognitive function associated with PD in the form of reduced facial expressivity, altered language skills, motor and cognitive slowness and disturbances in the pragmatic aspects of language affect the communication abilities of patients with the disorder and give rise to stigmatisation, which in turn impacts the disability seen in PD.

Association among fatigue, sleep disorders and other clinical parameters in Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Asano ◽  
N Asano ◽  
D Mota ◽  
I Gondim ◽  
F Aroxa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Nocturnal Sleep ◽  
Advanced Stages

Abstract Introduction Fatigue and sleep disorders are common in Parkinson disease (PD) patients. Fatigue is not always clinically recognized because of its subjective character manifested by feelings of extreme tiredness. These non-motor symptoms can occur from the early stages of the disease and tend to persist. Objectives To evaluate fatigue in patients with PD and the possible association with sleep disorders and other clinical parameters of the PD; and to evaluate the impact of fatigue on quality of life Methodology A cross-sectional study with 123 patients with PD was implemented. The following instruments were used: Mini Mental State Examination, the Hoehn-Yarh Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire, Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Parkinson’s Disease Fatigue Scale. Results Fatigue was found in 48% of patients. Patients with fatigue presented longer duration of illness, depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, severity of motor symptoms, excessive daytime sleepiness and nocturnal sleep disorder. Fatigue combined with sleep disorder occurred in 21% of the total sample, being more frequent in females (32% vs 15%) and in patients at more advanced stages of the disease (52% in HY3). The multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the significant independent variables for the presence of fatigue were: cognition (OR = 1.19 P = 0.02), nocturnal sleep disorder (OR = 1.03 P = 0.0001); among PDSS domains, nocturnal motor symptoms (OR = 1.09 P = 0.0005) and sleep refreshment (OR = 1.11 P = 0.02); among PDQ-39 domains, mobility (OR = 0.9323 P &lt; 0.0001) and body discomfort (OR = 0.9767 P = 0.0428). Conclusion Fatigue is common in PD, especially in the more advanced stages, and it seems to be associated with the female gender, nocturnal sleep disorder and cognition, having thus a negative impact on the quality of life.

scholarly journals Prevalence of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1459
Author(s):  
Shakthi C. ◽  
Sritharan B. ◽  
Muthuveeran M. ◽  
Manivannan M. R. ◽  
Justin C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Nocturnal Sleep ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

Background: Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative movement disorder characterised by motor symptoms of rest tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability and non-motor symptoms (NMS) which include neuropsychiatric symptoms, sleep disturbances, autonomic symptoms, sensory symptoms and symptoms of mixed aetiology. Parkinson’s Disease Non Motor Group (PD-NMG) devised a comprehensive clinic-based self-completed NMS questionnaire that allows easy identification of NMS by the physician. Most NMS have a poor response to dopaminergic therapy as it is due to dysfunction of the serotonergic and noradrenergic pathways. Treatment of these nonmotor symptoms help in improving the quality of life in patients with Parkinson’s disease.Methods: There were 100 patients with Parkinson’s disease who had presented to our neuromedicine movement clinic were included in the study. Patients were diagnosed as PD based on UK Parkinson’s disease brain bank criteria. The inclusion criteria were diagnosis as PD, age >18 yrs, inclusion of both males and females and consent for the study. Patients with atypical parkinsonism and secondary parkinsonism, stroke, intake of antipsychotics were excluded from the study. Non motor symptom questionnaire was given to the study group and frequency of occurrence of each non motor symptoms and their predominance in both males and females were studied. The frequency of each NMS was calculated by computing the number of yes response and calculating the percentage related to the number of patients in the sample. Analysis was done to calculate the frequency of all NMS among the enrolled patient.Results: Nocturnal sleep disturbances (43%) were most common followed by constipation (29%).The most common non motor symptoms in males were constipation (20%), urinary urgency (18%) and nocturia (11%).The most common non motor symptoms in females were nocturnal sleep disturbance (25%), feeling sad (19%), unexplained pains (17%) and being anxious (13%).Conclusions: Non motor symptom questionnaire helps in screening patients with Parkinson’s disease of non-motor symptoms and aims at providing holistic treatment improving the quality of life.

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