scholarly journals Associations between exposure to workplace bullying and insomnia: a cross-lagged prospective study of causal directions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Birkeland Nielsen ◽  
Ståle Pallesen ◽  
Ståle Valvatne Einarsen ◽  
Anette Harris ◽  
Dhaksshaginy Rajalingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Association Model ◽  
Causal Direction ◽  
National Probability Sample

Abstract Objective Workplace bullying has been established as a significant correlate of sleep problems. However, little is known regarding the causal direction between bullying and sleep. The aim of this study was to examine temporal relationships between bullying and symptoms of insomnia. Methods Reciprocal and prospective associations between exposure to workplace bullying and symptoms of insomnia were investigated in a national probability sample comprising 1149 Norwegian employees. Data stemmed from a two-wave full panel survey study with a 6-month time interval between the baseline and follow-up assessments. Models with stabilities, forward-, reverse-, and reciprocal associations were tested and compared using Structural Equation Modelling. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, and the stability in the outcome variables over time. Workplace bullying was assessed with the nine-item Short Negative Acts Questionnaire. Insomnia was assessed with a previously validated three item scale reflecting problems with sleep onset, sleep maintenance, and early morning awakening. Results The forward association model, which showed that exposure to workplace bullying prospectively increased levels of insomnia (b = 0.08; p < 0.001), had best fit with the data [CFI = 0.94; TLI = 0.93; RMSEA = 0.049 (0.046–0.052)]. The reverse association model where insomnia influences risk of being subjected to bullying was not supported. Conclusion Workplace bullying is a risk factor for later insomnia. There is a need for further studies on moderating and mediating variables that can explain how and when bullying influence sleep.

scholarly journals The prevalence of ill-treatment and bullying at work in Ireland

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-264
Author(s):  
Victoria Hogan ◽  
Margaret Hodgins ◽  
Duncan Lewis ◽  
Sarah Maccurtain ◽  
Patricia Mannix-McNamara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
National Level ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
National Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Irish Data ◽  
Behaviour Study ◽  
National Probability Sample

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the prevalence of ill-treatment and bullying experienced by Irish workers and to explore individual and organisational predictors. The most recent national figures available are specific to bullying and predate the economic recession; therefore, this study is timely and investigates a broader range of negative behaviours.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey study on a national probability sample of Irish employees was conducted (N = 1,764). The study design replicated the methodology employed in the British workplace behaviour study.FindingsThe results showed that 43% of Irish workers had experienced ill-treatment at work over the past two years, with 9% meeting the criteria for experiencing workplace bullying. A number of individual and organisational factors were found to be significantly associated with the experience of ill-treatment at work.Research limitations/implicationsThis study provides national-level data on workplace ill-treatment and bullying that are directly comparable to British study findings.Practical implicationsThe findings indicate that a significant number of Irish workers experience ill-treatment at work, and that workplace bullying does not appear to have decreased since the last national study was conducted in Ireland.Social implicationsThis study is of use to the Irish regulator and persons responsible for managing workplace bullying cases, as it identifies high-risk work situations and contributing individual factors.Originality/valueThis study provides national Irish data on workplace behaviour and ill-treatment following a severe economic recession.

scholarly journals Swedish Translation and Validation of the Pediatric Insomnia Severity Index

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Angelhoff ◽  
Peter Johansson ◽  
Erland Svensson ◽  
Anna Lena Sundell
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Swedish Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses

Abstract Background: To increase health and well-being in young children, it is important to acknowledge and promote the child’s sleep behaviour. However, there is a lack of brief, validated sleep screening instruments for children. The aims of the study were to (1) present a Swedish translation of the PISI, (2) examine the factor structure of the Swedish version of PISI, and test the reliability and validity of the PISI factor structure in a sample of healthy children in Sweden. Methods: The English version of the PISI was translated into Swedish, translated back into English, and agreed upon before use. Parents of healthy 3- to 10-year-old children filled out the Swedish version of the PISI and the generic health-related quality of life instrument KIDSCREEN-27 two times. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses for baseline and test-retest, structural equation modelling, and correlations between the PISI and KIDSCREEN-27 were performed Results: In total, 160 parents filled out baseline questionnaires (test), whereof 100 parents (63%) filled out the follow-up questionnaires (retest). Confirmative factor analysis of the PISI found two correlated factors: sleep onset problems (SOP) and sleep maintenance problems (SMP). The PISI had substantial construct and test-retest reliability. The PISI factors were related to all KIDSCREEN-27 dimensions.Conclusions: The Swedish version of the PISI is applicable for screening sleep problems and is a useful aid in dialogues with families about sleep.

scholarly journals Effect of early intervention for anxiety on sleep outcomes in adolescents: a randomized trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bente Storm Mowatt Haugland ◽  
Mari Hysing ◽  
Asle Hoffart ◽  
Åshild Tellefsen Haaland ◽  
Jon Fauskanger Bjaastad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Standard Length ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration

AbstractThe potential effect of early intervention for anxiety on sleep outcomes was examined in a sample of adolescents with anxiety (N = 313, mean 14.0 years, SD = 0.84, 84% girls, 95.7% Norwegians). Participants were randomized to one of three conditions: a brief or a standard-length cognitive-behavioral group-intervention (GCBT), or a waitlist control-group (WL). Interventions were delivered at schools, during school hours. Adolescents with elevated anxiety were recruited by school health services. Questionnaires on self-reported anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and sleep characteristics were administered at pre- and post-intervention, post-waitlist, and at 1-year follow-up. Adolescents reported reduced insomnia (odds ratio (OR) = 0.42, p < 0.001) and shorter sleep onset latency (d = 0.27, p <  0.001) from pre- to post-intervention. For insomnia, this effect was maintained at 1-year follow-up (OR = 0.54, p = 0.020). However, no effect of GCBT on sleep outcomes was found when comparing GCBT and WL. Also, no difference was found in sleep outcomes between brief and standard-length interventions. Adolescents defined as responders (i.e., having improved much or very much on anxiety after GCBT), did not differ from non-responders regarding sleep outcomes. Thus, anxiety-focused CBT, delivered in groups, showed no effect on sleep outcomes. Strategies specifically targeting sleep problems in adolescents should be included in GCBT when delivered as early intervention for adolescents with elevated anxiety.Trial registry Clinical trial registration: School Based Low-intensity Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Anxious Youth (LIST); http://clinicalrials.gov/; NCT02279251, Date: 11.31. 2014

scholarly journals A Generalized Structural Equation Model Approach to Long Working Hours and Near-Misses among Healthcare Professionals in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7154
Author(s):  
Tatsuhiko Anzai ◽  
Takashi Yamauchi ◽  
Masaki Ozawa ◽  
Kunihiko Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
Long Working Hours ◽  
Near Misses ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Job Related Stress

(1) Background: Near-miss incidents are the foundation of major injuries. They are warning signs that loss is imminent. Long working hours are a risk factor for near-misses along with sleep problems, job-related stress, and depressive symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the indirect effects of long working hours via mediating variables on near-miss occurrences among Japanese healthcare professionals. (2) Methods: 1490 Japanese healthcare professionals’ reports from a web-based survey of workers in October 2018 were analyzed to evaluate total, direct, and indirect effects of long working hours on near-misses. We applied a generalized structural equation model with three mediating variables: sleep problems, job-related stress, and depressive symptoms. (3) Results: The total effect and direct effect of the categories of working hours longer than 41 h per week (h/w) for occurrence of near-misses were not significantly higher than that of 35–40 h/w. However, for indirect effects on occurrence of near-misses that first passed through job-related stress, there were higher reports for each category compared to 35–40 h/w, with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of OR = 1.12, 95% CI (1.07, 1.21) for 41–50 h/w; 1.25, (1.14, 1.41) for 51–60 h/w; and 1.31, (1.18, 1.51) for ≥ 61 h/w. (4) Conclusion: The results suggest that reducing working hours might improve job-related stress, which could reduce near-misses and prevent injuries.

The consumers’ commitment and materialism on Islamic banking: the role of religiosity

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaidi Junaidi ◽  
Ready Wicaksono ◽  
Hamka Hamka
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Islamic Bank ◽  
Muslim People ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to investigate whether and how religiosity (e.g. extrinsic and intrinsic) influences the mediator variables (consumers’ commitment and materialism) in the Islamic bank consumers context. It also examines how the mediators should be influence consumers’ preferences. Design/methodology/approach In total, 658 Muslim people and Islamic bank consumers were recruited for a survey study and structural equation modeling was used to test the research hypotheses. Findings The empirical results indicate that religiosity (e.g. extrinsic and intrinsic) has significant and positive effects on consumers’ commitment and materialism, whereas intrinsic religiosity has no significant effect on consumers’ commitment which subsequently influences consumers’ preference. Furthermore, mediator variables (e.g. consumers’ commitment and consumers’ materialism) have partial mediators between religiosity and consumers’ preferences. Research limitations/implications The current study was limited to Indonesian Muslim people; there is a future need to study consumers’ attitudes and engagement in religious products and services (e.g. Islamic brands). It is can help practitioners, regulators and researchers to observe the dynamic behavior to elaborate on the impact of religion and Islamic products on consumers’ preference. Practical implications The bank managers and regulators should enhance the information of products and services Islamic banks and the difference principle between conventional banks. Moreover, enlighten the consumers about the principle operation of Islamic banks from the perspective of marketing and religiosity. Originality/value This study contributes to consumers’ behavior literature and, specifically, for the decision-making process through developing and testing a model of religious determinants toward Islamic bank products, as well as offers new insights into the determinants of religion and consumers’ decision process toward Islamic banking.

scholarly journals Person-environment fit as a parsimonious framework to explain workplace bullying

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 317-332
Author(s):  
Katrien Vandevelde ◽  
Elfi Baillien ◽  
Guy Notelaers
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Job Fit ◽  
Societal Costs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Person Environment Fit ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Causal Nature ◽  
Person Organization Fit

PurposeThis study tested whether person-job fit (PJ-fit), person-group fit (PG-fit) and person-organization fit (PO-fit) relate to exposure to and enactment of workplace bullying (WB), mediated by strain and conflict.Design/methodology/approachData from 1,077 employees were analysed using multiple mediator structural equation modelling (Mplus 8.0).FindingsPJ-fit, PG-fit and PO-fit all related to WB. PG-fit accounted for most explained variance. PJ-fit, PG-fit and PO-fit related to bullying through strain; only PG-fit also related to bullying through conflict.Research limitations/implicationsPE-fit is valuable to parsimoniously investigate WB's multi-causal nature; and strain and conflict partially explain the associations. Future research may shed more light on the direction of these effects.Practical implicationsSo far, scholars assumed that job design prevents WB (work-environment hypothesis). This study revealed that prevention should also focus on the fit between employee and group/organization.Social implicationsWB has high societal costs. The authors introduce a new angle to WB prevention. To counteract WB, practitioners should also look at PJ-fit, PG-fit and PO-fit. This is not only important for recruitment, but also for tenured employees (e.g. because of changes in employees' needs, the job, the group or the organization).Originality/valueThis study was the first to investigate the multi-causal nature of both WB exposure and enactment, by applying the lens of PE-fit, and testing explanatory mechanisms.

scholarly journals Proximal and distal predictors of self-regulatory growth in children aged 4 to 7 years

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate E. Williams ◽  
Steven J. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Health Development ◽  
Home Learning ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Development And Environment ◽  
Achievement Trajectories

Abstract Background Growth in early self-regulation skills has been linked to positive health, wellbeing, and achievement trajectories across the lifespan. While individual studies have documented specific influences on self-regulation competencies in early childhood, few have modelled a comprehensive range of predictors of self-regulation growth across health, development, and environment simultaneously. This study aimed to examine the concurrent associations among a range of proximal and distal influences on growth in children’s self-regulation skills over 2 years from age 4-5 years.Methods Data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (N= 4983) were used in a structural equation model, predicting a multi-source composite measure of self-regulation at each of 4-5 years and 6-7 years. By controlling for earlier self-regulation and covariates, the model examined the relative contributions of a comprehensive range of variables to self-regulation growth including health, development, educational, home environment, time-use, and neighbourhood characteristics. Results The significant predictors of children’s self-regulation growth across 4 to 7 years were fewer behavioural sleep problems, higher gross motor and pre-academic skills, lower levels of maternal and paternal angry parenting, and lower levels of financial hardship. There were also marginal effects for high-quality home learning environments and child-educator relationships.Conclusion Findings suggest that if we are to successfully grow children’s self-regulation skills, interventionists would do well to operate not only on children’s current capacities but also key aspects of their surrounding context.

Longitudinal Relationships Among Fear of COVID-19, Smartphone Online Self-Disclosure, Happiness, and Psychological Well-being: Survey Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Matthes ◽  
Kevin Koban ◽  
Ariadne Neureiter ◽  
Anja Stevic
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

BACKGROUND Given that governmental prevention measures restricted most face-to-face communications, online self-disclosure via smartphones emerged as an alternative coping strategy that aimed at reducing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people’s psychological health. Prepandemic research demonstrated that online self-disclosure benefits people’s psychological health by establishing meaningful relationships, obtaining social support, and achieving self-acceptance, particularly in times of crisis. However, it is unclear whether these dynamics transition well to lockdown conditions where online self-disclosure must stand almost entirely on its own. Longitudinal investigations are needed to gain insights into the psychological functionalities of online self-disclosure during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the temporal associations between smartphone online self-disclosure (as a communicative behavior) and critical indicators of psychological health (including psychopathological, as well as hedonic and eudaimonic states) during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Austria. METHODS We conducted a representative 2-wave panel survey between late March/April 2020 and May 2020. A total of 416 participants completed both waves (43.1% attrition rate, given n=731 participants who completed the first wave). A partially metric measurement invariant overtime structural equation model was used to determine the temporal associations among online self-disclosure, fear of COVID-19, happiness, and psychological well-being. RESULTS The analysis revealed that fear of COVID-19 significantly predicted online self-disclosure over time (<i>b</i>=0.24, <i>P</i>=.003) and happiness over time (<i>b</i>=−0.14, <i>P</i>=.04), but not psychological well-being (<i>b</i>=0.03, <i>P</i>=.48), that is, stronger COVID-19 fears at T1 prompted more online self-disclosure and less happiness at T2. Online self-disclosure, on the other hand, significantly predicted happiness (<i>b</i>=0.09, <i>P</i>=.02), but neither fear of COVID-19 (<i>b</i>=−0.01, <i>P</i>=.57) nor psychological well-being (<i>b</i>=−0.01, <i>P</i>=.57) over time. Participants who engaged more strongly in online self-disclosure at T1 felt happier at T2, but they did not differ from less-disclosing participants concerning COVID-19 fears and psychological well-being at T2. Importantly, happiness and psychological well-being were significantly related over time (happiness T1 → psychological well-being T2: <i>b</i>=0.11, <i>P</i>&lt;.001; psychological well-being T1 → happiness T2: <i>b</i>=0.42, <i>P</i>&lt;.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that online self-disclosure might play a pivotal role in coping with pandemic stressors. With restrictions on their options, individuals increasingly turn to their smartphones and social media to disclose their feelings, problems, and concerns during lockdown. While online self-disclosure might not alleviate fears or improve psychological well-being, our results demonstrate that it made people experience more happiness during this crisis. This psychological resource may help them withstand the severe psychological consequences of the COVID-19 crisis over longer timeframes.

Abstract P199: Sleep Health Varies By Immigration Status And Acculturation Level In Women: Results From The American Heart Association Go Red For Women Strategically Focused Research Network

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan A Samayoa ◽  
Nour Makarem ◽  
Vivian Cao ◽  
Moorea Maguire ◽  
Huaqing Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Onset Latency ◽  
Immigration Status ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
The Us

Introduction: The Healthy Immigrant Effect refers to the phenomenon that recent immigrants are on average healthier than their native-born counterparts. Greater immigrant acculturation to the US has been linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), frequently attributed to factors including the adoption of Western diets and decreased physical activity. While immigrants may have healthier habits than US adults, which may confer protection from CVD, there is little research on sleep health, particularly in immigrant women. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that immigrants, particularly those with greater acculturation, would have more sleep problems. Methods: Baseline data from a 1-y, community-based cohort of 506 women (61% racial/ethnic minority, mean age=37±16y) was used to evaluate cross-sectional associations between acculturation and sleep. Women self-reported their immigration status and national origin. Acculturation was measured from responses to questions regarding language preference, nativity (sorted by regions: Asia, Caribbean, Latin America, other), length of residency in the US, and age at immigration. Sleep duration, sleep quality, risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and insomnia were assessed using validated questionnaires. Logistic regression models adjusted for age, health insurance, education and BMI were used to evaluate associations between acculturation measures and sleep characteristics. Results: Women who were immigrants (n=176) reported lower mean sleep duration (6.60 ± 1.25 vs. 6.85 ± 1.22 h, p=0.02) compared to non-immigrants (n=323); non-immigrants were more likely than immigrants to sleep ≥7h/night (OR: 1.50, CI: 1.01-2.22, p=0.04). Women who immigrated to the US before vs. after age 25 y had lower odds of having sleep onset latency ≥26 min (OR:0.97, CI:0.95-1.00, p=0.03). Immigrant women living in the US >10y vs. <10y had more than 2-fold higher odds of having longer sleep onset latency (≥26 min) (OR:2.43, CI:1.09-5.41, p=0.03). Immigrants from the Caribbean were more likely than immigrants from other regions to be at a high risk for OSA (OR:2.65, CI:1.07-6.55, p=0.04). Conclusions: Compared to non-immigrants, immigrant women exhibit shorter habitual sleep duration. Sleep problems may vary by age of immigration, years lived in the US, and region of origin, as those who immigrated when they were older and those who had lived in the US>10 y required more time to fall asleep and Caribbean immigrants had higher OSA risk.

Workplace bullying and turnover intentions of nurses: the multi-theoretic perspective of underlying mechanisms in higher-order moderated-serial-mediation model

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faqir Sajjad Ul Hassan ◽  
Malik Ikramullah ◽  
Muhammad Zahid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Serial Mediation

PurposeThis study examines the relationship between workplace bullying (WPB) and the turnover intentions (TIs) of nurses, both directly and indirectly, i.e. through serial mediation of psychological contract violation (PCV) and poor employee wellbeing (EWB). And that with the moderating effect of servant leadership (SL) on its final path to TIs of nurses.Design/methodology/approachA total of 285 nurses voluntarily participated in the survey through convenient sampling from 13 different district hospitals. The authors performed partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the study's measurement and structural models.FindingsOverall, results indicated 62% prevalence rate of WPB and TIs of nurses had 67% variance explained by the exogenous factors. Workplace bullying was found to have direct as well as indirect relationship with TIs of nurses. For the latter, PCV and poor EWB were found to have partially mediated, both singly and serially. The moderating effect of SL on the serial mediation pathway was negative and significant.Originality/valueDrawing on a tripartite theoretical perspective, this study illuminates the mechanism underlying WPB-TIs relationship with an advanced multivariate statistical technique in the nursing work setting in a developing country.

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