The impact of repeated, local heating-induced increases in blood flow on lower limb endothelial function in young, healthy females

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen C. McGarity-Shipley ◽  
Sarah M. Schmitter ◽  
Jennifer S. Williams ◽  
Trevor J. King ◽  
Iain A. C. McPhee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Healthy Females

scholarly journals The Effect of Lower Limb Revascularization on Flow, Perfusion, and Systemic Endothelial Function: A Systematic Review

Angiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 000331972096954
Author(s):  
Pasha Normahani ◽  
Sodabeh Khosravi ◽  
Viknesh Sounderajah ◽  
Mohamed Aslam ◽  
Nigel J. Standfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Limb Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Perfusion ◽  
The Impact

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with reduced lower limb blood flow and tissue perfusion. The consequent reduction in vessel wall shear stress as well as ischemia–reperfusion injury has also been associated with systemic endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. We aimed to explore the impact of lower limb revascularization on (1) lower limb blood flow, (2) tissue perfusion, and (3) systemic endothelial function. We performed a systematic literature search using the MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Eligible studies measured changes in lower limb blood flow, perfusion, or systemic endothelial function following revascularization for the treatment of symptomatic PAD. We found 19 eligible studies, which were limited by considerable heterogeneity. Current evidence suggests that revascularization has a positive effect on flow, perfusion, and systemic endothelial dysfunction. Any changes may take a number of weeks to become apparent. There is a need for well-designed studies to explore the association between flow, perfusion, and endothelial dysfunction.

scholarly journals Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Training on Lower Limb Blood Flow in Children with Myelomeningocele—A Randomized Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 4273
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Domagalska-Szopa ◽  
Andrzej Szopa ◽  
Andrzej Siwiec ◽  
Ilona Kwiecień-Czerwieniec ◽  
Lutz Schreiber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Conventional Physiotherapy ◽  
Whole Body Vibration Training ◽  
The Impact

The objective of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of a three-week Whole-Body Vibration (WBV) training on the vascular blood flow of the lower limbs in children with myelomeningocele. The secondary goal was to evaluate the effect of WBV on the ROM of lower limb joints in this population. A total of 30 children with MMC (7–16 years old) were enrolled in the study. Children were randomly allocated to two groups of equal numbers, using an envelope code. The experimental group underwent a 3-week WBV training, while the control group received a 3-week conventional physiotherapy (PT) program. The examination consisted of two parts: (1) Doppler USG examination of the lower limb vascular blood flow; (2) evaluation of ROM. The results obtained revealed three main findings. First, WBV training effectively improved blood flow by increasing flow velocities in all tested arteries, while the impact of the PT program was limited to a single parameter. Second, WBV training effectively improved vascular resistance in arteries of the lower legs, while the PT program did not achieve any significant differences. Third, both types of treatment intervention significantly improved ROM in all joints of the lower limbs in MMC participants.

Abstract 13292: A Novel Reproducible Noninvasive Imaging Approach to Quantify Nitric Oxide-mediated Coronary Endothelial Function in Humans

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Micaela Iantorno ◽  
Allison G Hays ◽  
Sahar Soleimanifard ◽  
Angela Steinberg ◽  
Michael Schar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Coronary Blood Flow ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Cine Mri ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Coronary Endothelial Function ◽  
The Impact

Endothelial release of nitric oxide (NO) is a defining characteristic of non-diseased vascular tissue. Healthy coronary arteries respond to endothelial-dependent stressors with vasodilatation but those with endothelial dysfunction respond with paradoxical vasoconstriction. The combination of new non-invasive 3T coronary MRI methods and isometric handgrip exercise (IHE), has been suggested as a means to noninvasively quantify coronary endothelial function (CEF). However, IHE may trigger neural, neuro-hormonal and other vasoreactive responses; thus, it is unknown whether the IHE-induced coronary response is, in fact, primarily mediated by NO. Furthermore, it is not known whether the MRI-IHE test is reproducible over time.To test the hypothesis that the IHE-induced coronary response is NO-mediated, we performed MRI-IHE studies before and during the infusion of monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA, 0.3mg/kg/min), a NO synthase inhibitor in 8 healthy subjects. To study reproducibility we performed 2 MRI-IHE studies ~8 weeks apart in 8 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and 9 healthy subjects. Changes from rest to IHE in coronary cross-sectional area (%CSA) and coronary blood flow (%CBF) were measured with cine MRI. L-NMMA completely blocked coronary vasodilation during IHE (%CSA change 15.4%±2.8% with placebo vs -1.6%±1.3% with L-NMMA; p<0.0001) and the normal increase in coronary blood flow (%CBF change 50.2%±6.7% with placebo vs -2.1%±6.7% with L-NMMA; p< 0.0001). Moreover, there was a strong correlation between repeated measures for %CSA change with IHE at the two exams (R=0.91, p<0.0001) and %CBF change with IHE (R=0.80; p<0.001). Bland-Altman analysis and intra-class correlation coefficients for %CSA and %CBF change with IHE (0.90 and 0.80, respectively) indicated good agreement and little variability between repeated measures. In summary the coronary response to IHE is largely mediated by endothelial-derived NO and is reproducible over several weeks. Thus MRI-IHE is a noninvasive, reproducible tool to assess CEF, arguably the first to noninvasively measure macro- and micro-vascular NO-mediated coronary responses. This noninvasive tool may be useful in future studies of the impact of interventions on CAD pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Elevation in blood flow and shear rate prevents hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction in healthy subjects and those with type 2 diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arno Greyling ◽  
Tim H. A. Schreuder ◽  
Thijs Landman ◽  
Richard Draijer ◽  
Rebecca J. H. M. Verheggen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Oral Glucose

Hyperglycemia, commonly present after a meal, causes transient impairment in endothelial function. We examined whether increases in blood flow (BF) protect against the hyperglycemia-mediated decrease in endothelial function in healthy subjects and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Ten healthy subjects and 10 age- and sex-matched patients with T2DM underwent simultaneous bilateral assessment of brachial artery endothelial function by means of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using high-resolution echo-Doppler. FMD was examined before and 60, 120, and 150 min after a 75-g oral glucose challenge. We unilaterally manipulated BF by heating one arm between minute 30 and minute 60. Oral glucose administration caused a statistically significant, transient increase in blood glucose in both groups ( P < 0.001). Forearm skin temperature, brachial artery BF, and shear rate significantly increased in the heated arm ( P < 0.001), and to a greater extent compared with the nonheated arm in both groups (interaction effect P < 0.001). The glucose load caused a transient decrease in FMD% ( P < 0.05), whereas heating significantly prevented the decline (interaction effect P < 0.01). Also, when correcting for changes in diameter and shear rate, we found that the hyperglycemia-induced decrease in FMD can be prevented by local heating ( P < 0.05). These effects on FMD were observed in both groups. Our data indicate that nonmetabolically driven elevation in BF and shear rate can similarly prevent the hyperglycemia-induced decline in conduit artery endothelial function in healthy volunteers and in patients with type 2 diabetes. Additional research is warranted to confirm that other interventions that increase BF and shear rate equally protect the endothelium when challenged by hyperglycemia.

scholarly journals P1333PULSE WAVE ANALYSIS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF HIGH ARTERIAL FLOW: ASSESSMENT OF SHUNT FUNCTION AND REACTIVE HYPEREMIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Mueller ◽  
Joachim Streis ◽  
Sandra Müller ◽  
Hermann Josef Pavenstädt ◽  
Stefan Reuter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Duplex Sonography ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Reactive Hyperaemia ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and Aims Fistula-creation as well as reactive hyperaemia increase local arterial blood flow. We wanted to analyse the impact of these haemodynamic changes on pulse wave (PW) morphology to assess fistula- and endothelial function. Method We conducted a clinical pilot study including 56 patients with functioning forearm fistula. PW morphology in the A. brachialis was assessed tonometrically at the non-fistula and fistula arm using the SpygmoCor® device. We also performed a PW analysis on the non-fistula arm under the condition of reactive hyperaemia (possible in 43 patients). Duplex-sonography was used as a complementary and reference method. Results In comparison to measurements under physiologic conditions, both the fistula arm (a) and the non-fistula arm with reactive hyperemia (b) showed marked differences in the pulse wave morphology (figure). The changes in PW morphology were most prominent in the area of the diacrotic notch and could be assessed as the differences of the sum of the mean slope (Δλ in mmHg/ms) between the diacrotic notch and the main preceding and subsequent inflexion point. Measurement with duplex-sonography confirmed increased peak blood flow velocity in the arteria brachialis (ΔVmax in cm/s) under both conditions. Statistical significance could be proved for Δλ and for ΔVmax (table). Finally, bivariate regression analysis revealed a correlation of Δλ with ΔVmax (figure; c: p=0.001 and r=-0,483 for interarm-differences of the fistula and non-fistula arm; d: p= 0.030 and r=-0.343 for the differences between the physiologic state and reactive hyperaemia at the non-fistula arm). Conclusion PW analysis under high flow conditions has the potential to be a new useful clinical tool in nephrology to monitor fistula- as well as endothelial function assessed by reactive hyperaemia. The findings should be verified in a trial with clinical endpoints.

The Impact of Peripheral Nerve Stimulation on Coronary Blood Flow and Endothelial Function

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony C. Camuglia ◽  
Mistre Alemayehu ◽  
Andrew McLellan ◽  
Sabrina Wall ◽  
Nour Abu-Romeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Coronary Blood Flow ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Stimulation ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Absent increase in vertebral artery blood flow during l-arginine infusion in hypertensive men

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (4) ◽  
pp. R820-R824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauro C. Vianna ◽  
Igor A. Fernandes ◽  
Thales C. Barbosa ◽  
Tatiana G. Amaral ◽  
Natalia G. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
Isotonic Saline ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Peripheral Vasculature ◽  
Arginine Infusion ◽  
The Impact

Endothelial dysfunction is observed in the peripheral vasculature of hypertensive patients, but it is unclear how the cerebral circulation is affected. More specifically, little is known about the impact of human hypertension on vertebral artery (VA) endothelial function. This study evaluated whether the endothelial function of the VA is impaired in hypertensive men. For 13 male hypertensive subjects (46 ± 3 yr) and eight age-matched male controls (46 ± 4 yr), blood pressure (BP; photoplethysmography), VA, and common carotid (CC) blood flow (duplex ultrasound) were determined at rest and during 30 min of intravenous l-arginine (30 g; a precursor of nitric oxide) or isotonic saline infusion. Controls and hypertensive subjects demonstrated a similar resting CC (601 ± 30 vs. controls 570 ± 43 ml/min; P = 0.529) and VA blood flow (119 ± 11 vs. controls 112 ± 9 ml/min; P = 0.878). During administration of l-arginine, CC blood flow increased similarly between groups (hypertensive 12 ± 3%, controls 13 ± 2%; P = 0.920). In contrast, the increase in VA blood flow was nonexistent in the hypertensive subjects (0.8 ± 3% vs. controls: 16 ± 4%; P = 0.015) with no significant change in BP. Both CC and VA flow returned to near-resting values within 30 min after the infusion, and for four hypertensive subjects and three controls, time-control experiments using 0.9% saline did not affect VA or CC blood flow significantly. The results demonstrate endothelial dysfunction in the posterior cerebral circulation of middle-aged hypertensive men.

scholarly journals The Impact of Blood Flow Restrictive Exercise on Endothelial Function

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 994
Author(s):  
Leryn Reynolds ◽  
Robbie Pittman ◽  
Hannah Twiddy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
The Impact
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