Interaction of Arabidopsis TGA3 and WRKY53 transcription factors on Cestrum yellow leaf curling virus (CmYLCV) promoter mediates salicylic acid-dependent gene expression in planta

Planta ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 247 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayan Sarkar ◽  
Abhimanyu Das ◽  
Prashant Khandagale ◽  
Indu B. Maiti ◽  
Sudip Chattopadhyay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Leaf Curling

scholarly journals VipariNama: RNA viral vectors to rapidly elucidate the relationship between gene expression and phenotype

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Khakhar ◽  
Cecily Wang ◽  
Ryan Swanson ◽  
Sydney Stokke ◽  
Furva Rizvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Viral Vector ◽  
Tobacco Rattle Virus ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Gibberellin Biosynthesis ◽  
In Planta

Abstract Synthetic transcription factors have great promise as tools to help elucidate relationships between gene expression and phenotype by allowing tunable alterations of gene expression without genomic alterations of the loci being studied. However, the years-long timescales, high cost, and technical skill associated with plant transformation have limited their use. In this work we developed a technology called VipariNama (ViN) in which vectors based on the Tobacco Rattle Virus (TRV) are used to rapidly deploy Cas9-based synthetic transcription factors and reprogram gene expression in planta. We demonstrate that ViN vectors can implement activation or repression of multiple genes systemically and persistently over several weeks in Nicotiana benthamiana, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). By exploring strategies including RNA scaffolding, viral vector ensembles, and viral engineering, we describe how the flexibility and efficacy of regulation can be improved. We also show how this transcriptional reprogramming can create predictable changes to metabolic phenotypes, such as gibberellin biosynthesis in N. benthamiana and anthocyanin accumulation in Arabidopsis, as well as developmental phenotypes, such as plant size in N. benthamiana, Arabidopsis, and tomato. These results demonstrate how ViN vector-based reprogramming of different aspects of gibberellin signaling can be used to engineer plant size in a range of plant species in a matter of weeks. In summary, VipariNama accelerates the timeline for generating phenotypes from over a year to just a few weeks, providing an attractive alternative to transgenesis for synthetic transcription factor-enabled hypothesis testing and crop engineering.

scholarly journals VipariNama: RNA vectors to rapidly reprogram plant morphology and metabolism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Khakhar ◽  
Cecily Wang ◽  
Ryan Swanson ◽  
Sydney Stokke ◽  
Furva Rizvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Transcriptional Reprogramming ◽  
Long Timescales

AbstractSynthetic transcription factors have great promise as tools to explore biological processes. By allowing precise alterations in gene expression, they can help elucidate relationships between gene expression and plant morphology or metabolism. However, the years-long timescales, high cost, and technical skill associated with plant transformation have dramatically slowed their use. In this work, we developed a new platform technology called VipariNama (ViN) in which RNA vectors are used to rapidly deploy synthetic transcription factors and reprogram gene expression in planta. We demonstrate how ViN vectors can direct activation or repression of multiple genes, systemically and persistently over several weeks, and in multiple plant species. We also show how this transcriptional reprogramming can create predictable changes to metabolic and morphological phenotypes in the model plants Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana in a matter of weeks. Finally, we show how a model of gibberellin signaling can guide ViN vector-based reprogramming to rapidly engineer plant size in both model species as well as the crop Solanum lycopersicum (tomato). In summary, using VipariNama accelerates the timeline for generating phenotypes from over a year to just a few weeks, providing an attractive alternative to transgenesis for synthetic transcription factor-enabled hypothesis testing and crop engineering.

scholarly journals Global Gene Expression Profiles Suggest an Important Role for Nutrient Acquisition in Early Pathogenesis in a Plant Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (18) ◽  
pp. 5784-5791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany L. Weir ◽  
Valerie J. Stull ◽  
Dayakar Badri ◽  
Lily A. Trunck ◽  
Herbert P. Schweizer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
In Planta

ABSTRACT Although Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that does not often naturally infect alternate hosts, such as plants, the plant-P. aeruginosa model has become a widely recognized system for identifying new virulence determinants and studying the pathogenesis of the organism. Here, we examine how both host factors and P. aeruginosa PAO1 gene expression are affected in planta after infiltration into incompatible and compatible cultivars of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). N. tabacum has a resistance gene (N) against tobacco mosaic virus, and although resistance to PAO1 infection is correlated with the presence of a dominant N gene, our data suggest that it is not a factor in resistance against PAO1. We did observe that the resistant tobacco cultivar had higher basal levels of salicylic acid and a stronger salicylic acid response upon infiltration of PAO1. Salicylic acid acts as a signal to activate defense responses in plants, limiting the spread of the pathogen and preventing access to nutrients. It has also been shown to have direct virulence-modulating effects on P. aeruginosa. We also examined host effects on the pathogen by analyzing global gene expression profiles of bacteria removed from the intracellular fluid of the two plant hosts. We discovered that the availability of micronutrients, particularly sulfate and phosphates, is important for in planta pathogenesis and that the amounts of these nutrients made available to the bacteria may in turn have an effect on virulence gene expression. Indeed, there are several reports suggesting that P. aeruginosa virulence is influenced in mammalian hosts by the availability of micronutrients, such as iron and nitrogen, and by levels of O2.

scholarly journals Cestrum yellow leaf curling virus (CmYLCV) promoter: a new strong constitutive promoter for heterologous gene expression in a wide variety of crops

2003 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Stavolone ◽  
Maria Kononova ◽  
Sandra Pauli ◽  
Antonio Ragozzino ◽  
Peter de Haan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Heterologous Gene Expression ◽  
Heterologous Gene ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Constitutive Promoter ◽  
Leaf Curling

scholarly journals Agrobacteria reprogram virulence gene expression by controlled release of host-conjugated signals

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (44) ◽  
pp. 22331-22340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Fuzhou Ye ◽  
Changqing Chang ◽  
Xiaoling Liu ◽  
Jianhe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Virulence Gene Expression ◽  
Successful Infection ◽  
Plant Metabolite

It is highly intriguing how bacterial pathogens can quickly shut down energy-costly infection machinery once successful infection is established. This study depicts that mutation of repressor SghR increases the expression of hydrolase SghA in Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which releases plant defense signal salicylic acid (SA) from its storage form SA β-glucoside (SAG). Addition of SA substantially reduces gene expression of bacterial virulence. Bacterial vir genes and sghA are differentially transcribed at early and later infection stages, respectively. Plant metabolite sucrose is a signal ligand that inactivates SghR and consequently induces sghA expression. Disruption of sghA leads to increased vir expression in planta and enhances tumor formation whereas mutation of sghR decreases vir expression and tumor formation. These results depict a remarkable mechanism by which A. tumefaciens taps on the reserved pool of plant signal SA to reprogram its virulence upon establishment of infection.

scholarly journals Chemically induced herbicide tolerance in rice by the safener metcamifen is associated with a phased stress response

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 411-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Brazier-Hicks ◽  
Anushka Howell ◽  
Jonathan Cohn ◽  
Tim Hawkes ◽  
Gavin Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Inducible Genes ◽  
Similar Gene

Abstract The closely related sulphonamide safeners, metcamifen and cyprosulfamide, were tested for their ability to protect rice from clodinafop-propargyl, a herbicide normally used in wheat. While demonstrating that both compounds were equally bioavailable in planta, only metcamifen prevented clodinafop from damaging seedlings, and this was associated with the enhanced detoxification of the herbicide. Transcriptome studies in rice cultures demonstrated that whereas cyprosulfamide had a negligible effect on gene expression over a 4 h exposure, metcamifen perturbed the abundance of 590 transcripts. Changes in gene expression with metcamifen could be divided into three phases, corresponding to inductions occurring over 30 min, 1.5 h and 4 h. The first phase of gene induction was dominated by transcription factors and proteins of unknown function, the second by genes involved in herbicide detoxification, while the third was linked to cellular homeostasis. Analysis of the inducible genes suggested that safening elicited similar gene families to those associated with specific biotic and abiotic stresses, notably those elicited by abscisic acid, salicylic acid, and methyl jasmonate. Subsequent experiments with safener biomarker genes induced in phase 1 and 2 in rice cell cultures provided further evidence of similarities in signalling processes elicited by metcamifen and salicylic acid.

scholarly journals Endophytic Actinobacteria Induce Defense Pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Conn ◽  
A. R. Walker ◽  
C. M. M. Franco
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Defense Gene Expression ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Endophytic Actinobacteria

Endophytic actinobacteria, isolated from healthy wheat tissue, which are capable of suppressing a number wheat fungal pathogens both in vitro and in planta, were investigated for the ability to activate key genes in the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) or the jasmonate/ethylene (JA/ET) pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana. Inoculation of A. thaliana (Col-0) with selected endophytic strains induced a low level of SAR and JA/ET gene expression, measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Upon pathogen challenge, endophyte-treated plants demonstrated a higher abundance of defense gene expression compared with the non-endophyte-treated controls. Resistance to the bacterial pathogen Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora required the JA/ET pathway. On the other hand, resistance to the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum involved primarily the SAR pathway. The endophytic actinobacteria appear to be able to “prime” both the SAR and JA/ET pathways, upregulating genes in either pathway depending on the infecting pathogen. Culture filtrates of the endophytic actinobacteria were investigated for the ability to also activate defense pathways. The culture filtrate of Micromonospora sp. strain EN43 grown in a minimal medium resulted in the induction of the SAR pathway; however, when grown in a complex medium, the JA/ET pathway was activated. Further analysis using Streptomyces sp. strain EN27 and defense-compromised mutants of A. thaliana indicated that resistance to E. carotovora subsp. carotovora occurred via an NPR1-independent pathway and required salicylic acid whereas the JA/ET signaling molecules were not essential. In contrast, resistance to F. oxysporum mediated by Streptomyces sp. strain EN27 occurred via an NPR1-dependent pathway but also required salicylic acid and was JA/ET independent.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Hypertrophic Heart Tissues from Murine Transverse Aortic Constriction and Human Aortic Stenosis Reveals Key Genes and Transcription Factors Involved in Cardiac Remodeling Induced by Mechanical Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Peng Yu ◽  
Baoli Zhang ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Ying Yu ◽  
Ji Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Transverse Aortic Constriction ◽  
Aortic Constriction ◽  
Genomic Changes

Background. Mechanical stress-induced cardiac remodeling that results in heart failure is characterized by transcriptional reprogramming of gene expression. However, a systematic study of genomic changes involved in this process has not been performed to date. To investigate the genomic changes and underlying mechanism of cardiac remodeling, we collected and analyzed DNA microarray data for murine transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and human aortic stenosis (AS) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and the European Bioinformatics Institute. Methods and Results. The differential expression genes (DEGs) across the datasets were merged. The Venn diagrams showed that the number of intersections for early and late cardiac remodeling was 74 and 16, respectively. Gene ontology and protein–protein interaction network analysis showed that metabolic changes, cell differentiation and growth, cell cycling, and collagen fibril organization accounted for a great portion of the DEGs in the TAC model, while in AS patients’ immune system signaling and cytokine signaling displayed the most significant changes. The intersections between the TAC model and AS patients were few. Nevertheless, the DEGs of the two species shared some common regulatory transcription factors (TFs), including SP1, CEBPB, PPARG, and NFKB1, when the heart was challenged by applied mechanical stress. Conclusions. This study unravels the complex transcriptome profiles of the heart tissues and highlighting the candidate genes involved in cardiac remodeling induced by mechanical stress may usher in a new era of precision diagnostics and treatment in patients with cardiac remodeling.

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