Gut microbiota and fatigue in rectal cancer patients: a cross-sectional pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Velda J. González-Mercado ◽  
Jean Lim ◽  
Sara Marrero ◽  
Elsa Pedro ◽  
Leorey N. Saligan
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota and Depressive Symptoms at the End of CRT for Rectal Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Velda J. Gonzalez-Mercado ◽  
Jean Lim ◽  
Leorey N. Saligan ◽  
Nicole Perez ◽  
Carmen Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Scores ◽  
Functional Pathways

Background. The role of alterations in gut microbiota composition (termed dysbiosis) has been implicated in the pathobiology of depressive symptoms; however, evidence remains limited. This cross-sectional pilot study is aimed at exploring whether depressive symptom scores changed during neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy to treat rectal cancer, and if gut microbial taxa abundances and predicted functional pathways correlate with depressive symptoms at the end of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Methods. 40 newly diagnosed rectal cancer patients (ages 28-81; 23 males) were assessed for depressive symptoms using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and provided stool samples for 16S rRNA sequencing. Gut microbiome data were analyzed using QIIME2, and correlations and regression analyses were performed in R. Results. Participants had significantly higher depressive symptoms at the end as compared to before CRT. The relative abundances of Gemella, Bacillales Family XI, Actinomyces, Streptococcus, Lactococcus, Weissella, and Leuconostocaceae were positively correlated (Spearman’s rho = 0.42 to 0.32), while Coprobacter, Intestinibacter, Intestimonas, Lachnospiraceae, Phascolarctobacterium, Ruminiclostridium, Ruminococcaceae (UCG-005 and uncultured), Tyzzerella, and Parasutterella (Spearman’s rho = − 0.43   to − 0.31 ) were negatively correlated with HAM-D scores. Of the 14 predicted MetaCyc pathways that correlated with depressive symptom scores at the end of CRT, 11 (79%) were associated with biosynthetic pathways. Conclusions. Significant bacterial taxa and predicted functional pathways correlated with depressive symptoms at the end of chemotherapy and radiation therapy for rectal cancer which warrants further examination and replication of our findings.

scholarly journals Trimethylamine N-Oxide, a Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolite, Is Associated with Cardiovascular Risk in Psoriasis: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Sikora ◽  
Norbert Kiss ◽  
Albert Stec ◽  
Joanna Giebultowicz ◽  
Emilia Samborowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Could gut microbiota serve as prognostic biomarker associated with colorectal cancer patients' survival? A pilot study on relevant mechanism

Oncotarget ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (29) ◽  
pp. 46158-46172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiliang Wei ◽  
Shougen Cao ◽  
Shanglong Liu ◽  
Zengwu Yao ◽  
Teng Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

scholarly journals Effects of tobacco smoke and electronic cigarette vapor exposure on the oral and gut microbiota in humans: a pilot study

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Stewart ◽  
Thomas A. Auchtung ◽  
Nadim J. Ajami ◽  
Kenia Velasquez ◽  
Daniel P. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Buccal Swabs ◽  
Significant Difference

BackgroundThe use of electronic cigarettes (ECs) has increased drastically over the past five years, primarily as an alternative to smoking tobacco cigarettes. However, the adverse effects of acute and long-term use of ECs on the microbiota have not been explored. In this pilot study, we sought to determine if ECs or tobacco smoking alter the oral and gut microbiota in comparison to non-smoking controls.MethodsWe examined a human cohort consisting of 30 individuals: 10 EC users, 10 tobacco smokers, and 10 controls. We collected cross-sectional fecal, buccal swabs, and saliva samples from each participant. All samples underwent V4 16S rRNA gene sequencing.ResultsTobacco smoking had a significant effect on the bacterial profiles in all sample types when compared to controls, and in feces and buccal swabs when compared to EC users. The most significant associations were found in the gut, with an increased relative abundance ofPrevotella(P= 0.006) and decreasedBacteroides(P= 0.036) in tobacco smokers. The Shannon diversity was also significantly reduced (P= 0.009) in fecal samples collected from tobacco smokers compared to controls. No significant difference was found in the alpha diversity, beta-diversity or taxonomic relative abundances between EC users and controls.DiscussionFrom a microbial ecology perspective, the current pilot data demonstrate that the use of ECs may represent a safer alternative compared to tobacco smoking. However, validation in larger cohorts and greater understanding of the short and long-term impact of EC use on microbiota composition and function is warranted.

scholarly journals Sexual organ-sparing with hydrogel spacer injections for rectal cancer radiotherapy: a feasibility pilot study

2021 ◽  
pp. 20200931
Author(s):  
Vérane Achard ◽  
Frederic Ris ◽  
Michel Rouzaud ◽  
Giacomo Puppa ◽  
Nicolas C Buchs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Curative Surgery ◽  
Sexual Organ ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dosimetric Study ◽  
Organ Sparing ◽  
Radiotherapy Dose ◽  
Dose Levels

Objectives: The aim of this pilot study was to investigate in two rectal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (nCRT) the implant feasibility and dosimetric benefit in sexual organ-sparing of an injectable, absorbable, radiopaque hydrogel spacer. Methods: Two rectal cancer patients (one male and one female) underwent hydrogel implant between rectum and vagina/prostate before nCRT and curative surgery. A CT scan was performed before and after injection and a comparative dosimetric study was performed testing a standard (45/50 Gy) and a dose escalated (46/55.2 Gy) schedule. Results: In both patients, the spacer implant in the recto-prostatic or recto-vaginal space was feasible and well tolerated. For the male, the dosimetric benefit with spacer was minimal for sexual organs. For the female however, doses delivered to the vagina were significantly reduced with spacer with a mean reduction of more than 5 Gy for both regimens. Conclusions: For organ preservation protocols and selected sexually active female patients, use of hydrogel spacers can be considered to spare sexual organs from the high radiotherapy dose levels. Advances in knowledge: For females with advanced rectal tumor, a spacer implant between the rectum and the vagina before nCRT is feasible and reduces doses delivered to the vagina.

scholarly journals P841 Evaluation of gut microbiota composition in NAFLD with UC pancolitis in clinical remission: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S650-S651
Author(s):  
S Cocciolillo ◽  
G De Palma ◽  
T Chen ◽  
M P Ghali ◽  
M Deschenes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Clinical Remission ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main cause of liver disease in Western countries and is a frequently reported comorbidity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A complex interaction among polygenic predisposition, IBD-specific risk factors, microbiome, multiple environmental and patients’ factors could explain the development of NAFLD in IBD. Gut dysbiosis is increasingly recognised as an important player in NAFLD, as well as in IBD pathogenesis. So far, no study has examined the gut microbiota composition in IBD patients with NAFLD. We aimed to characterise faecal microbiota according to NAFLD status in a pilot cohort of ulcerative colitis (UC) pancolitis in clinical remission. Methods This was a cross-sectional pilot study using transient elastography (TE) with controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) to diagnose NAFLD in UC pancolitis patients in clinical remission, defined as partial Mayo score ≤1. NAFLD was diagnosed non-invasively as CAP ≥248 dB/m. Exclusion criteria included: use of corticosteroids in the last year and antibiotics or probiotics/prebiotics in the last 2 months prior to inclusion; significant alcohol intake (AUDIT-C <5); hepatitis B or C infection. Stool samples were collected within 12 h from TE with CAP evaluation. Gut microbiota composition was analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing with Illumina technique. Statistical analysis by NAFLD status was performed using Fisher’s exact or Mann–Whitney’s test as appropriate. Results A total of 11 UC pancolitis patients in clinical remission were included (mean age 53 years, 36.4% male, time since IBD diagnosis 16 years). NAFLD was diagnosed in 7 cases (63.6%, mean CAP 291 dB/m). Patients with pancolitis and NAFLD had higher BMI (mean 31 vs. 22 kg/m2, p = 0.006) as well as waist circumference (mean 100 vs. 81 cm, p = 0.006) compared with those without NAFLD, but no other differences in demographic, clinical or pharmacological parameters were found between pancolitis with or without NAFLD. Patients with pancolitis and NAFLD clustered separately from those without NAFLD, when computing Bray Curtis dissimilarities (tested with Adonis, p = 0.006). In addition, patients with pancolitis and NAFLD presented with decreased bacterial richness (p = 0.017) but not diversity. This was accompanied by a significant increase of Bacteroides spp. relative abundance in faecal samples of patients with pancolitis and NAFLD (q = 0.017). Conclusion This pilot study demonstrates, for the first time, that, in UC pancolitis patients, NAFLD associates with altered gut microbiota composition. Further studies are needed to understand the exact role of gut microbiota in UC pancolitis with NAFLD and to evaluate the use of microbiota-directed approaches for the treatment of NAFLD in these patients.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota perturbation is associated with acute sleep disturbance among rectal cancer patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Velda J. González‐Mercado ◽  
Anujit Sarkar ◽  
Frank J. Penedo ◽  
Josué Pérez‐Santiago ◽  
Susan McMillan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Cancer Patients

scholarly journals Gut microbiota differences in Island Hispanic Puerto Ricans and mainland non-Hispanic whites during chemoradiation for rectal cancer: A pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 100551
Author(s):  
Velda J. González-Mercado ◽  
Jean Lim ◽  
Lawrence Berk ◽  
Mary Esele ◽  
Carmen S. Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Puerto Ricans
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