scholarly journals Sexual organ-sparing with hydrogel spacer injections for rectal cancer radiotherapy: a feasibility pilot study

2021 ◽  
pp. 20200931
Author(s):  
Vérane Achard ◽  
Frederic Ris ◽  
Michel Rouzaud ◽  
Giacomo Puppa ◽  
Nicolas C Buchs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Curative Surgery ◽  
Sexual Organ ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dosimetric Study ◽  
Organ Sparing ◽  
Radiotherapy Dose ◽  
Dose Levels

Objectives: The aim of this pilot study was to investigate in two rectal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (nCRT) the implant feasibility and dosimetric benefit in sexual organ-sparing of an injectable, absorbable, radiopaque hydrogel spacer. Methods: Two rectal cancer patients (one male and one female) underwent hydrogel implant between rectum and vagina/prostate before nCRT and curative surgery. A CT scan was performed before and after injection and a comparative dosimetric study was performed testing a standard (45/50 Gy) and a dose escalated (46/55.2 Gy) schedule. Results: In both patients, the spacer implant in the recto-prostatic or recto-vaginal space was feasible and well tolerated. For the male, the dosimetric benefit with spacer was minimal for sexual organs. For the female however, doses delivered to the vagina were significantly reduced with spacer with a mean reduction of more than 5 Gy for both regimens. Conclusions: For organ preservation protocols and selected sexually active female patients, use of hydrogel spacers can be considered to spare sexual organs from the high radiotherapy dose levels. Advances in knowledge: For females with advanced rectal tumor, a spacer implant between the rectum and the vagina before nCRT is feasible and reduces doses delivered to the vagina.

Gut microbiota and fatigue in rectal cancer patients: a cross-sectional pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Velda J. González-Mercado ◽  
Jean Lim ◽  
Sara Marrero ◽  
Elsa Pedro ◽  
Leorey N. Saligan
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Low-Rank Matrix Denoising Algorithm-Based MRI Image Feature for Therapeutic Effect Evaluation of NCRT on Rectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Qin Hu ◽  
Jin Li ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Image Feature ◽  
Conventional Group ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Conventional Mri ◽  
Rank Matrix ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Low Rank Matrix

This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) on rectal cancer patients using the MRI based on low-rank matrix denoising algorithm, which was then compared with the postoperative pathological examination to evaluate its application value in tumor staging after NCRT treatment. 15 patients with rectal cancer who met the requirements of radiotherapy and chemotherapy after conventional MRI were selected as the research subjects. The conventional MRI images before and after NCRT treatment were divided in two groups. One group was not processed and set as the conventional group; the other group was processed with low-rank matrix denoising algorithm and set as the optimized group. The two groups of images were observed for the changes in the ADC value and length and thickness of the tumor before and after NCRT treatment. The two groups were compared with the pathological examination for the complete remission of pathology (pCR) after the NCRT treatment and the tumor stage results. The results showed that Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) (18.9121 and 74.9911 dB) after introducing the low-rank matrix denoising algorithm were significantly better than those before (20.1234 and 70.1234 dB) ( P < 0.05 ); there were notable differences in the tumor index data within the two groups before and after NCRT treatment ( P < 0.05 ), indicating that the NCRT treatment was effective. The pathological examination results of pCR data of the two groups were not much different ( P > 0.05 ); the examination results between the two groups were different, but no notable difference was noted ( P < 0.05 ); in the optimized group, there was no notable difference between the MRI results and the pathological examination results ( P < 0.05 ), while in the conventional group, there were notable differences in the MRI results and pathological examination results ( P < 0.05 ). In conclusion, MRI images based on low-rank matrix denoising algorithm are clearer, which can improve the diagnosis rate of patients and better display the changes of the microenvironment after NCRT treatment. It also indicates that NCRT treatment has significant clinical effects in the treatment of rectal cancer patients, which is worth promoting.

Oncologic outcome and morbidity for elderly rectal cancer patients compared to younger patients after preoperative chemoradiotherapy and curative surgery: A multi-institutional and case-matched control study.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 736-736
Author(s):  
Soo Yoon Sung ◽  
Jong Hoon Lee ◽  
Sung Hwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Late Complication ◽  
Pathologic Complete Response ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Hematologic Toxicity ◽  
Recurrence Free Survival ◽  
Curative Surgery ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Younger Patients

736 Background: To elucidate the toxicity and survival outcome of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by curative total mesorectal excision (TME) in elderly rectal cancer patients compared to younger patients. Methods: A total of 1232 rectal cancer patients who received neoadjuvant CRT and curative surgery were collected from 7 tertiary institutions. After propensity-score matching, 310 patients of < 70 years for younger arm and 310 patients of ≥ 70 years for elderly arm were identified, respectively and matched with 1:1 manner. Treatment response and toxicity, surgical outcome, recurrence, and survival were assessed and compared between two arms. Results: The two younger (< 70 years) and elderly (≥ 70 years) arms were well-matched and had similar baseline characteristics. Median ages were 58 years for younger arm and 74 years for elderly arm, respectively. Pathologic complete response rates were not significantly different between younger arm and elderly arm (17.1% vs. 14.8%, P = 0.443). The 5-year recurrence-free survival (70.0% vs. 69.8%, P = 0.773) and overall survival (79.5% vs. 82.9%, P = 0.270) rates were not significantly different between two arms. Adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery was less frequently delivered to elderly arm than younger arm (69.0% vs. 83.9%, P = 0.773). Grade 3 or higher acute hematologic toxicity was observed more frequently in elderly arm than in younger arm (9.0% vs. 16.1%, P = 0.008 ), but late complication was not significantly increased in elderly arm (2.6% vs. 4.5%, P = 0.193). Conclusions: Despite an increased acute toxicity, elderly rectal cancer patients with good performance status would have equivalent tumor response and recurrence-free survival compared to younger patients.

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