scholarly journals Use of platelet-rich fibrin for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 2461-2478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Miron ◽  
Vittorio Moraschini ◽  
Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi ◽  
Yufeng Zhang ◽  
Tomoyuki Kawase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Enamel Matrix Derivative ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intrabony Defects ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Barrier Membrane ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Small Biomolecules

Abstract Objectives This study aims to compare the treatment outcomes of periodontal intrabony defects by using platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) with other commonly utilized modalities. Materials and methods The eligibility criteria comprised randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the clinical outcomes of PRF with that of other modalities. Studies were classified into 10 categories as follows: (1) open flap debridement (OFD) alone versus OFD/PRF; (2) OFD/bone graft (OFD/BG) versus OFD/PRF; (3) OFD/BG versus OFD/BG/PRF; (4–6) OFD/barrier membrane (BM), OFD/PRP, or OFD/enamel matrix derivative (EMD) versus OFD/PRF; (7) OFD/EMD versus OFD/EMD/PRF; (8–10) OFD/PRF versus OFD/PRF/metformin, OFD/PRF/bisphosphonates, or OFD/PRF/statins. Weighted means and forest plots were calculated for probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and radiographic bone fill (RBF). Results From 551 articles identified, 27 RCTs were included. The use of OFD/PRF statistically significantly reduced PD and improved CAL and RBF when compared to OFD. No clinically significant differences were reported when OFD/BG was compared to OFD/PRF. The addition of PRF to OFD/BG led to significant improvements in CAL and RBF. No differences were reported between any of the following groups (OFD/BM, OFD/PRP, and OFD/EMD) when compared to OFD/PRF. No improvements were also reported when PRF was added to OFD/EMD. The addition of all three of the following biomolecules (metformin, bisphosphonates, and statins) to OFD/PRF led to statistically significant improvements of PD, CAL, and RBF. Conclusions The use of PRF significantly improved clinical outcomes in intrabony defects when compared to OFD alone with similar levels being observed between OFD/BG and OFD/PRF. Future research geared toward better understanding potential ways to enhance the regenerative properties of PRF with various small biomolecules may prove valuable for future clinical applications. Future research investigating PRF at histological level is also needed. Clinical relevance The use of PRF in conjunction with OFD statistically significantly improved PD, CAL, and RBF values, yielding to comparable outcomes to OFD/BG. The combination of PRF with bone grafts or small biomolecules may offer certain clinical advantages, thus warranting further investigations.

Chasing the Anchor: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Perceptual Anchoring Deficits in Developmental Dyslexia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt D Shulver ◽  
Nicholas A Badcock
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reading Ability ◽  
English Language ◽  
Prediction Interval ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

We report the results of a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the relationship between perceptual anchoring and dyslexia. Our goal was to assess the direction and degree of effect between perceptual anchoring and reading ability in typical and atypical (dyslexic) readers. We performed a literature search of experiments explicitly assessing perceptual anchoring and reading ability using PsycInfo (Ovid, 1860 to 2020), MEDLINE (Ovid, 1860 to 2019), EMBASE (Ovid, 1883 to 2019), and PubMed for all available years up to June (2020). Our eligibility criteria consisted of English-language articles and, at minimum, one experimental group identified as dyslexic - either by reading assessment at the time, or by previous diagnosis. We assessed for risk of bias using an adapted version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Six studies were included in this review, but only five (n = 280 participants) were included in the meta-analysis (we were unable to access the necessary data for one study).The overall effect was negative, large and statistically significant; g = -0.87, 95% CI [-1.47, 0.27]: a negative effect size indicating less perceptual anchoring in dyslexic versus non-dyslexic groups. Visual assessment of funnel plot and Egger’s test suggest minimal bias but with significant heterogeneity; Q (4) = 9.70, PI (prediction interval) [-2.32, -0.58]. The primary limitation of the current review is the small number of included studies. We discuss methodological limitations, such as limited power, and how future research may redress these concerns. The variability of effect sizes appears consistent with the inherent variability within subtypes of dyslexia. This level of dispersion seems indicative of the how we define cut-off thresholds between typical reading and dyslexia populations, but also the methodological tools we use to investigate individual performance.

scholarly journals Problematic alcohol use and reduced hippocampal volume: a meta-analytic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (13) ◽  
pp. 2288-2301 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wilson ◽  
J. L. Bair ◽  
K. M. Thomas ◽  
W. G. Iacono
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Problematic Alcohol ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Problematic Alcohol Use

BackgroundA number of studies reports reduced hippocampal volume in individuals who engage in problematic alcohol use. However, the magnitude of the difference in hippocampal volume between individuals with v. without problematic alcohol use has varied widely, and there have been null findings. Moreover, the studies comprise diverse alcohol use constructs and samples, including clinically significant alcohol use disorders and subclinical but problematic alcohol use (e.g. binge drinking), adults and adolescents, and males and females.MethodsWe conducted the first quantitative synthesis of the published empirical research on associations between problematic alcohol use and hippocampal volume. In total, 23 studies were identified and selected for inclusion in the meta-analysis; effects sizes were aggregated using a random-effects model.ResultsProblematic alcohol use was associated with significantly smaller hippocampal volume (d = −0.53). Moderator analyses indicated that effects were stronger for clinically significant v. subclinical alcohol use and among adults relative to adolescents; effects did not differ among males and females.ConclusionsProblematic alcohol use is associated with reduced hippocampal volume. The moderate overall effect size suggests the need for larger samples than are typically included in studies of alcohol use and hippocampal volume. Because the existing literature is almost entirely cross-sectional, future research using causally informative study designs is needed to determine whether this association reflects premorbid risk for the development of problematic alcohol use and/or whether alcohol has a neurotoxic effect on the hippocampus.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Personality Disorder Prevalence and Patient Outcomes in Emergency Departments

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-347
Author(s):  
Alexander Collins ◽  
Kirsten Barnicot ◽  
Piyal Sen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Improve Patient Management

The objectives of this study were to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting prevalence of personality disorders (PDs) in emergency departments (EDs) and evaluate the effect of comorbid PDs on clinical outcomes. A systematic search of five databases along with manual searching and expert consultation was performed. A quality appraisal was conducted. A total of 29 articles were included. Prevalence of PDs in ED attendees varied depending on presenting complaint, Q(4) = 577.5, p < .01, with meta-analytic prevalence rates of suicide and self-harm at 35% and 22%, respectively. The assessment method had a significant effect on prevalence rates, Q(3) = 17.36, p < .01. Comorbid PD was a risk factor for repeating presenting complaint, subsequent ED return, and hospitalization. Better identification of PDs using screening tools in EDs could improve patient management and clinical outcomes. Future research should focus on PD prevalence in unselected ED populations using validated diagnostic interviews.

scholarly journals The Impact of Childhood Psychological Maltreatment on Mental Health Outcomes in Adulthood: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoni Xiao ◽  
Mina Murat Baldwin ◽  
Franziska Meinck ◽  
Ingrid Obsuth ◽  
Aja Louise Murray
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychological Maltreatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Research suggests that childhood psychological maltreatment (i.e., emotional abuse and emotional neglect) is associated with mental and physical health problems that persist into adulthood, for example anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suicidal ideation, and aggression; however, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the existing literature would help clarify the magnitude and moderators of these associations, and the extent to which they may be affected by publication bias, as well as the methodological strengths and weakness of studies in this area.Method: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline will be employed to structure the review. Several searches will be carried out via databases including Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, Applied Social Science Index and Abstract, ERIC and EMBASE. Empirical peer reviewed research articles that fit pre-specified eligibility criteria will be included in the review. This review will include literature written in either English or Chinese. Two independent reviewers will screen and assess studies for inclusion in the review as well as extract the data, with consensus reached through discussion in cases of discrepancy. A third reviewer will be consulted to resolve any discrepancies that cannot be resolved through discussion between the original reviewers. The relevant Newcastle-Ottawa scales will be used for assessing the quality of studies. If a sufficient number of comparable studies are retrieved, a meta-analysis will be conducted using a random effects model. Discussion: This systematic review will provide an understanding of the long-term effects of childhood psychological maltreatment on adult mental health, which adds to previous reviews focusing primarily on the effects of physical and sexual abuse. The results of the review will help inform clinical practice in approaches to treating those with a history of psychological maltreatment in childhood. The gaps and weaknesses in the evidence identified will also inform recommendations for future research.

scholarly journals Platelet-Rich Fibrin in third molar surgery. Systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaston Salas ◽  
Shuheng Lai ◽  
Francisca Verdugo-Paiva ◽  
Roberto Requena
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Third Molar Surgery ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin

Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to assess the effectiveness and safety of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) in third molar surgery. Data sources: A comprehensive search strategy is meant to be used in an attempt to identify all relevant RCTs, ongoing investigation reported in specialty congresses and trials regardless of language or publication status (published, unpublished, in press, and in progress). Search will be conducted in The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); PUBMED; Embase; Lilacs, and also conduct a search through trial registries of the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), Word Health Organization (WHO) and the ClinicalTrials.gov, US National Institutes of Health (NIH), grey literature search and specialty congress will be reviewed. Eligibility criteria: We will include randomised trials evaluating the effect of PRF on wound healing after third molar surgery. Two reviewers will independently screen each study for eligibility, extract data, and assess the risk of bias using Cochrane 'risk of bias' tool. We will pool the results using meta-analysis and will apply the GRADE system to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome. Ethics and dissemination: As researchers will not access information that could lead to the identification of an individual participant, obtaining ethical approval was waived. Keywords: platelet-rich fibrin; third molars; wound healing; systematic review

scholarly journals Clinical effect of platelet rich fibrin in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. Systematic review and meta-analysis.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 127-135
Author(s):  
Heber Arbildo ◽  
◽  
Luis Gamarra ◽  
Sandra Rojas ◽  
Edward Infantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intrabony Defects ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin

Epidemiology of High Ankle Sprains: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 420-430
Author(s):  
Akilesh Anand Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Study Heterogeneity ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities

Syndesmotic sprains or high ankle sprains are reported to be associated with increasing morbidity and time loss. The aim of this study was to critically appraise literature on epidemiology of syndesmotic sprains through systematic review of published literatures. A systematic review was conducted online for literature published in English using PubMed and Google Scholar, as per PRISMA guidelines up to April 30, 2019. Predefined eligibility criteria were applied, and the data thus compiled were analyzed. A total of 26 studies were found to be eligible, of which three-fourths involved sporting population. Considerable inconsistency in assessment procedure reporting, injury and injury severity definition with variable unit measures used to describe incidence or injury rate was observed. Meta-analysis and intra- and intersports comparison could not be performed owing to the study heterogeneity and methodological variability. There is a need for standardization in future research, specifically with regard to injury assessment and reporting, demanding heightened awareness and improved diagnostic modalities, as injury epidemiology is integral to the overall injury-prevention conundrum. Levels of Evidence: Systematic review, Level III

Abstract WP336: Global Variation in the Representation of Women in Contemporary Acute Stroke Trials

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent Strong ◽  
Virginia Howard ◽  
Mathew J Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Incidence Studies ◽  
Multiple Regions

Introduction: Women have historically been underrepresented in RCTs of cardiovascular disease. We undertook a review of acute stroke RCTs to determine whether women were equitably represented and whether any sex disparity varied across geographic region. Methods: We searched for papers describing primary results of acute stroke RCTs published 2013-2018 in 9 major journals and abstracted the proportion of trial participants that were women (PPW). We then searched for incidence studies from the geographic regions in which trial enrollment took place and estimated the proportion of incident strokes occurring in women (PSW) in each region (i.e., North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Multiple Regions). We quantified the representation of women using the enrollment disparity difference (EDD) calculated as the absolute difference between the two proportions (i.e., PSW - PPW). An EDD greater than 0 indicated a disparity in favor of men. We pooled EDDs from individual RCTs using random effects meta-analysis to estimate overall and region-specific disparities. Results: Among 60 trials the PPW ranged from 33.8% to 56.9% (median 44.7%). The overall pooled EDD was 0.07 (95% CI=0.06-0.08, Q p<0.001, I 2 =85.8%) (Figure), indicating that 7% more men were included in the trials, relative to the underlying incidence. A statistically significant EDD existed in all regions; the magnitude was largest for RCTs with enrollment from Asia Pacific (EDD=0.11, 95% CI=0.10-0.13) and Multiple Regions (EDD=0.10, 95% CI=0.08-0.12) and smallest among North American and European trials (EDD 0.04 and 0.06, respectively). All region-specific summary estimates showed significant between study heterogeneity apart from Asia (Q p=0.102, I 2 =38.4%). Conclusions: Women were underrepresented globally in contemporary acute stroke RCTs; the magnitude of the disparity differed between regions. Future research should focus on trial eligibility criteria that may contribute to this disparity.

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