scholarly journals Medicines for headache before and during pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study (ATENA study)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Lupi ◽  
Andrea Negro ◽  
Elisabetta Gambassi ◽  
Tommaso Susini ◽  
Pierangelo Geppetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Strong Focus ◽  
Headache Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Search For Information ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Objective To investigate headache treatment before and during pregnancy. Background Most headaches in pregnancy are primary disorders. Headaches are likely to ameliorate during pregnancy, although they may also begin or worsen. Most headache medications should be avoided during pregnancy because of potential fetal risks. However, only scarce evidence on headache drug consumption during pregnancy is available. Design ATENA was a retrospective, self-administered questionnaire-based, cohort study on women in either pregnancy or who have just delivered and reporting headache before and/or during pregnancy. Results Out of 271 women in either pregnancy or who have just delivered, 100 (37%) reported headache before and/or during pregnancy and constituted our study sample. Before pregnancy, the attitude toward the use of symptomatic drugs was characterized by both a strong focus on their safety and the willingness to avoid possible dependence from them. Compared to the year before, pregnancy led to changes in behavior and therapeutic habits as shown by a higher proportion of patients looking for information about drugs (44/100 [44%] vs. 36/100 [36%]) and a lower proportion of those treating headache attacks (88/100 [88%] vs. 52/100 [52%]) and by a lower use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (68/100 [68%] vs. 5/100 [5%]) and a much higher use of paracetamol (33/100 [33%] vs. 95/100 [95%]). Conclusions Pregnancy changes how women self-treat their headache, and leads to search for information regarding drug safety, mostly due to the perception of fetal risk of drugs. Healthcare providers have to be ready to face particular needs of pregnant women with headache.

Adverse Perinatal Outcomes Associated with Stage 1 Hypertension in Pregnancy: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Norton ◽  
Frances Shofer ◽  
Hannah Schwartz ◽  
Lorraine Dugoff
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Hypertensive Disorder ◽  
Hypertension In Pregnancy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hypertensive Disorder Of Pregnancy ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective To determine if women who newly met criteria for stage 1 hypertension in early pregnancy were at increased risk for adverse perinatal outcomes compared with normotensive women. Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women who had prenatal care at a single institution and subsequently delivered a live infant between December 2017 and August 2019. Women with a singleton gestation who had at least two prenatal visits prior to 20 weeks of gestation were included. We excluded women with known chronic hypertension or other major maternal illness. Two groups were identified: (1) women newly diagnosed with stage 1 hypertension before 20 weeks of gestation (blood pressure [BP] 130–139/80–89 on at least two occasions) and (2) women with no known history of hypertension and normal BP (<130/80 mm Hg) before 20 weeks of gestation. The primary outcome was any hypertensive disorder of pregnancy; secondary outcomes were indicated preterm birth and small for gestational age. Generalized linear models were used to compare risk of adverse outcomes between the groups. Results Of the 1,630 women included in the analysis, 1,443 women were normotensive prior to 20 weeks of gestation and 187 women (11.5%) identified with stage 1 hypertension. Women with stage 1 hypertension were at significantly increased risk for any hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (adjusted risk ratio [aRR]: 1.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–3.04) and indicated preterm birth (aRR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.12–3.02). Black women and obese women with stage 1 hypertension were at increased for hypertensive disorder of pregnancy compared with white women and nonobese women, respectively (aRR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.11–1.57; aRR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.39–2.06). Conclusion These results provide insight about the prevalence of stage 1 hypertension and inform future guidelines for diagnosis and management of hypertension in pregnancy. Future research is needed to assess potential interventions to mitigate risk. Key Points

Pertussis Immunisation in Pregnancy Safety (PIPS) Study: A retrospective cohort study of safety outcomes in pregnant women vaccinated with Tdap vaccine

Vaccine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (34) ◽  
pp. 5173-5179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer B. Griffin ◽  
Lennex Yu ◽  
Donna Watson ◽  
Nikki Turner ◽  
Tony Walls ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Safety Outcomes ◽  
Tdap Vaccine ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Outcomes of visceral leishmaniasis in pregnancy: A retrospective cohort study from South Sudan

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e0007992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith E. Pekelharing ◽  
Francis Gatluak ◽  
Tim Harrison ◽  
Fernando Maldonado ◽  
M. Ruby Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Hyperglycaemia in Pregnancy and Anthropometric Parameters in the Offspring at 10 Years: A Community-Based Retrospective Cohort Study in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Himali P. Herath ◽  
Rasika P. Herath ◽  
Rajitha Wickremasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Triceps Skinfold Thickness ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background. Studies of developmental origins of health and disease have highlighted the possible role of intrauterine hyperglycaemia, increasing the future risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases in the offspring. There is limited evidence from South Asian populations for risk estimates for childhood obesity that are attributable to maternal diabetes in utero. Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the association between hyperglycaemia in pregnancy (HIP) and anthropometric parameters in the offspring at 10-11 years of age. Methods. A community-based retrospective cohort study was conducted in Colombo district, Sri Lanka. In the first stage, children born in 2005 were identified, and the availability of antenatal records was assessed. In the second stage, the exposure status of participants was ascertained based on antenatal records and predefined criteria. In the third stage, height, weight, waist circumference, and triceps skinfold thickness (TSFT) of eligible participants were measured to ascertain the outcome status. Background characteristics were collected by interviewing mothers. A 24-hour dietary recall and a 3-day diet diary were recorded. Results. 159 children of mothers with HIP (exposed) and 253 children of mothers with no HIP (nonexposed) participated. Mean ages (SD) of exposed and unexposed groups were 10.9 (0.3) and 10.8 (0.3) years, respectively. The median BMI (17.6 vs 16.1, p<0.001), waist circumference (63 cm vs 59.3 cm, p<0.001), and triceps skinfold thickness (13.7 mm vs 11.2 mm, p<0.001) were significantly higher in the exposed group. Offspring of women with HIP were more likely to be overweight (aOR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.4–4.9) and have abdominal obesity (aOR = 2.7, 95% CI 1.1–6.5) and high TSFT (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.06–4.7) at 10-11 years than children who were not exposed after adjusting for maternal BMI, maternal age at delivery, and birth order. Conclusions. Intrauterine exposure to HIP is a significant determinant of overweight, high TSFT, and abdominal obesity in the offspring.

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