The value of bone scintigraphy on the determination of the full extent of tumor involvement in jaw bones

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Jiawei Xie ◽  
Chao Ma ◽  
Guoming Wang ◽  
Shuyao Zuo ◽  
Ningyi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Scintigraphy ◽  
Full Extent ◽  
Jaw Bones ◽  
Tumor Involvement

scholarly journals Role of Imaging in Rectal Cancer

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Ajaz Ahmad Malik
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Rectal Wall ◽  
Preoperative Staging ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Tumor Involvement ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Optimal Treatment Strategy

THIS ARTICLE HAS NO ABSTRACT (FIRST 100 WORDS OF THE ARTICLE ARE DISPLAYED): Staging of rectal cancer is necessary to provide the optimal treatment strategy although proctoscopy or sigmoidoscopy with biopsy are diagnostic. This is achieved by locoregional assessment of the disease by various available radiological investigations. Staging information includes extent of tumor involvement of the rectal wall and adjacent structures, presence or absence of adjacent lymphadenopathy, and determination of distant metastasis. Several modalities exist for the preoperative staging of rectal cancer, like computed tomography (CT); magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with traditional body, endorectal, or phasedarray coils; endorectal ultrasonography (ERUS) with rigid or flexible probes; and positron emission tomography (PET) with and without. JMS 2012;15(1):4-6.

Periodic measurement of N-telopeptides of type I collogen in serum (sNTx) for early diagnosis of bone metastasis in patients with lung cancer.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18042-e18042
Author(s):  
Koji Takeda ◽  
Shinya Tokunaga ◽  
Haruko Daga ◽  
Hideaki Okada ◽  
Koichi Taira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Bone Scintigraphy ◽  
Type I ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diagnosis Of Bone Metastasis

e18042 Background: The bone resorption biomarker sNTx has been previously shown to add value as an aid in the diagnosis of bone metastasis in patients with lung cancer. The objective of this prospective study was to determine if periodic sNTx measurements could lead to early diagnosis of bone metastasis in patients with lung cancer. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed organ-confined lung cancer were enrolled. sNTx values were determined once each month using the OSTEOMARKTM serum NTx assay (Alere Medical). The presence or absence of bone metastasis was determined by monthly physical examination and by bone scintigraphy every 3 months for 12 months. All patients were required to provide written informed consent. Results: Forty patients were enrolled between June and December 2010. One patient withdrew early and was excluded from analysis. The mean +/- 1 SD baseline level of sNTx was 17.5 +/- 4.4 nM BCE/L. Five patients developed bone metastasis (as characterized by bone scintigraphy) during the study period. The level of sNTx in subjects with bone metastasis was slightly increased (21.6 +/- 3.2 nM BCE/L), however, in these patients, there was no statistically significant difference between sNTx values at baseline (18.2 +/- 4.2 nM BCE/L) and when metastasis was diagnosed. (p=0.176). When a cut-off value of sNTx was set to 22.0 nM BCE/L, the sensitivity and the specificity of detection of bone metastasis were 80.0% and 41.2%, respectively. Using this cut-off, the elevation of sNTx could predict bone metastasis at least one month before diagnosis by bone scintigraphy in all 5 patients, however, the specificity was relatively low for clinical implementation. Additionally, the sensitivity and the specificity of early detection of systematic spread of disease (including bone metastasis) were 70.6% and 45.5%, respectively. Conclusions: Periodic determination of sNTx in patients with organ confined lung cancer did not provide sufficient specificity for it to be used for the early diagnosis of bone metastasis or disease progression.

Application of an Automated Determination of Isoenzyme-5 of Lactate Dehydrogenase to the Diagnosis of Hepatic Disease

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1036-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence E Nathan ◽  
Donald Feldbruegge ◽  
James O Westgard
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Alcoholic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatic Disease ◽  
Muscle Trauma ◽  
Tumor Involvement ◽  
Active Inflammation ◽  
Automated Determination ◽  
Column Chromatographic ◽  
Secondary Diseases

Abstract We have examined the clinical usefulness of measuring the activity of LD-5 (the slowest-moving isoenzyme of lactate dehydrogenase) in serum, after its column chromatographic separation, on the Du Pont ACA. Primary and secondary diseases of the liver were readily identified. LD-5 and alanine aminotransferase activities correlated well in hepatitis and LD-5 and alkaline phosphatase activities in metastatic disease of the liver. LD-5 activity was elevated in cases of congestive heart failure, muscle trauma, and cirrhosis (when associated with active inflammation or alcoholic hepatitis). The test proved most useful for the early identification of hepatitis and tumor involvement of the liver.

scholarly journals Perception of term as a communicative microevent in the genre of educational lecture

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Andreevna Talanina
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Maximum Volume ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Full Extent ◽  
System Composition ◽  
Gradual Introduction ◽  
Typical Model ◽  
Terminology System

This article dedicates special attention to the description of means of introduction of a new concept in the educational lecture. Within the framework of analysis of scientific writings on the genre of educational lecture, the author reviewed the means to describe its compositions, as well as the concepts of understating of specificity of this genre of educational-scientific discourse. The object of this research is the forms of introduction of a new concept. The conclusion is made that comprehensive description of the lecture, which allows considering the maximum volume of its genre peculiarities, should be grounded on the concept of communicative event, which reflects the dialogical nature of the genre to the full extent. The lectures on physics, philosophy, and psycholinguistics served as the material for analyzing the composition of lecture as a communicative event, as well as determination of its most typical components (microevents): presentation of the problem; introduction of a new concept; designation of a specific name in science. The author describes the compositional and lexical-grammatical peculiarities of such microevent. The main result of the conducted research consists in a typical model of presentation of a term, which reflects the content of microevent and its composition. The content includes commentary on the inner form of the word that connects image of a term with its meaning, and data that forms a perception on the scope of introduced concept and its place within the terminology system. Composition suggests the following stages: activation of the existing empirical data essential for formation of the concept content; transformation (if necessary) of inappropriate perceptions of the audience; gradual introduction of components of a new concept along with designation of its place within a particular classification.

CHOICE OF REACTION TIME ON DANGER OF THE DRIVER WHO OPERATES THE CAR, MOVING WITH EXCEEDING OF THE ESTABLISHED RESTRICTION ON THE TRAVERSE SPEED

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 307-312
Author(s):  
V. S. Olhov ◽  
A. V. Lubentsov
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Full Extent ◽  
Speed Mode ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Expert Practice

Today in the expert practice of carrying out forensic autotechnical examination on choosing ofsituational reaction time on danger of the driver the methodical recommendations, accepted in 1987, and being entered into expert practice in 1988, are used. After this time in expert practice there were no attempts on more precise definitions or expansions of typical situations when determining differentiated value of reaction time on danger of the driver. In these recommendations for different characteristics of road- traffic situations there were listed typical variants of the development mechanism of the traffic accident at the stage of approaching participants to the point of impact (running- down). Typical variants which are shown in the methodical recommendations, on determination of the differentiated values of reaction time on danger of the driver, not in a full extent cover possible mechanisms of traffic accident development. In particular, reaction time on danger of the driver is not defined when exceeding speed mode by him which was introduced in the area of road-traffic accident, during running-down on the pedestrian or vehicles collisions. Expert practice of carrying outforensic autotechnical examination has shown that almost in 30 % of all appointed examinations by judicial-investigative bodies there are the subjects of research running-downs of vehicles on pedestrians or vehicles collisions when drivers who had the prevailing right to passage, moved with exceeding traverse speed. Nowadays there is a need of changing approach to the definition ofsituational reaction time of the driver when there is the data that by the time of collision the car moved with exceeding of the established restriction of traverse speed by means of its decrease to 0.6 sec. from relatively typical variants given in the methodical recommendations.

Violence, Amnesty and Transitional Law: “private” Acts and “public” Truth in South Africa

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Nagy
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Full Extent ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intractable Problem

AbstractWhereas amnesty is generally associated with impunity and denial, in South Africa, amnesty was pulled into the reach of justice and reconciliation. This article assesses the extent to which South Africa's amnesty fulfilled these normative goals. It centers on the difficulty of differentiating between “private” acts and “political” crimes deserving of amnesty. It argues that the determination of political crimes obfuscated the full extent of apartheid violence and responsibility for it. Consequently, the amnesty process produced a truncated “truth” about apartheid violence that was insufficient to the task of overcoming the past. This is in part an intractable problem embedded in the conflicting tasks of transitional law. The lesson of hope that South Africa offers to other transitional nations is that amnesty should be wound into the promises of democracy without creating false expectations of reconciliation or simplistic truths about the past.

Szintigraphische Verlaufskontrolle von Osteosarkomen während neoadjuvanter Chemotherapie

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (06) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bielack ◽  
G. Delling ◽  
K. Winkler ◽  
J. Knop
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Bone Scintigraphy ◽  
Preoperative Chemotherapy ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Tumor Response ◽  
Mineral Phase ◽  
Parametric Images ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy ◽  
Tumor Cell Destruction

The response of osteosarcomas to preoperative chemotherapy as measured by quantitative 99mTc-diphosphonate scintigraphy was compared with the amount of tumor cell destruction found histologically in the resected specimens. 3-phase bone scintigraphy, with determination of tumor/non-tumor (T/NT) ratios, allowed accurate prediction of tumor response in 28 of 30 tumors (accuracy = 93%) after completion and in 10 of 12 osteosarcomas (83%) at the half-way stage of preoperative chemotherapy, when only those tumors were evaluated which showed convergent changes of T/NT ratios in the perfusion and the mineral phase. At the half-way stage, however, evaluation of chemotherapy effects was complicated in 12 of 23 osteosarcomas by diverging T/NT ratios. In contrast, quantification and mapping of the tumor plasma volume and 99mTc-diphosphonate clearance on parametric images predicted correctly the histological tumor response to chemotherapy in 10 of 11 tumors (91%) after completion and in all 11 cases (100%) at the half-way stage.

scholarly journals Вивчення оптичної щільності щелепових кісток у хворих із радикулярними кістами на тлі остеопорозу та без порушень мінерального обміну

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. Havryltsiv
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Jaw Bones

There is a signifi cant scientifi c and practical interest in the study of bone mineral density in the jaw destructive processes caused by tumors in patients without bone remodeling disorders on the background of osteoporosis.The aim of the study – to conduct a comparative evaluation of jaw bone optical density in areas adjacent to radicular cysts depending on the osteoregenerating status of patients.Materials and Methods. 45 patients (20 males and 25 females) aged 20 to 70 years with radicular jaw cysts who were on an outpatient treatment at the Surgical Department of the Medical Stomatological Center of Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University were examined. Determination of bone mineral density (BMD) in patients was conducted by ultrasound bone densitometer Achilles (LUNAR Corp. (USA)) by measuring the time of ultrasonic waves pass through the calcaneus. Bone mineral density in patients was analyzed for the Z criterion. All patients underwent standard orthopantomograms on an X-ray apparatus Orthophos XG (Sirona). For the qualitative characteristics of mandibular cortical layer we used MCI index (mandibular cortical index) by Klemetti E. et al. (1994). According to published data, the index serves as an indicator of MCI systematic reduction of mineral density of the facial skeleton. Digital orthopantomograms analyzed by using the ImageJ software, which allows measuring the optical density of bone tissue at any selected jawbone area in standard brightness units in grayscale from 0 to 256 (the minimum values correspond to the background of the radiographs). The optical density of bone tissue was determined in a region directly adjacent to the shell of the radicular cyst, and compared with the intact bone on the symmetrical side of the jaw. Statistical analysis of the research results was carried out by a computer program of statistical calculation Statistica 8.Results and Discussion. As a result of ultrasound densitometry of the calcaneus in 17 women aged 45 to 60 years, we found signs of osteopenia and osteoporosis. Indicators of BMD within the age norm were detectedin 6 surveyed women who were younger than 45 years. Among the surveyed men of all ages signs of age norms were found much more frequently – in 11 cases. The MCI mandible index is in 87 % of cases directly correlated with state of bone mineral density determined by ultrasound densitometry, which is being consisted with literature data. In the absence of systemic disorders of mineral metabolism, the parameters of optical density in areas adjacent to the shells of the radicular cysts were higher compared to intact bones (p <0.05), which, in our opinion, testifi es about the compensatory reaction of the bone tissue that is subjected to pathological infl uence (compression) from the side of the cyst shell. On the background of systemic osteoporosis, optic density of jaw bones in the area of injury compared to intact sides is decreased.Conclusions. Determination of the optical density of the jaw bones adjacent to the radicular cysts can be used as a screening test for the study of osteo-regenerative potential in patients and should be taken into account when choosing surgical treatment methods.

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