scholarly journals Microbial-, fusulinid limestones with large gastropods and calcareous algae: an unusual facies from the Early Permian Khao Khad Formation of Central Thailand

Facies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chatchalerm Ketwetsuriya ◽  
Martin Nose ◽  
Thasinee Charoentitirat ◽  
Alexander Nützel
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Algae ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Back Reef ◽  
Western Margin ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Filter Feeders ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sufficient Food ◽  
Central Thailand ◽  
Cement Crusts

Abstract The Early Permian (Kungurian) Khao Khad Formation of Central Thailand consists mostly of carbonates deposited on the western margin of the Indochina Terrane. This formation has yielded unusual microbial-fusulinid limestones with large gastropods which contribute most to the rock volume. With a height of more than 6 cm, the gastropods are amongst the largest Early Permian gastropods ever reported. Gastropods as major rock formers are rare in the Palaeozoic. This, and other recently reported invertebrate faunas from Thailand show that gastropods may dominate Permian fossil assemblages not only in diversity, but also regarding abundance and in some cases also regarding biomass. Besides gastropods, fusulinids, various calcareous algae, intraclasts and thick microbial-cyanobacterial (Girvanella and Archaeolithoporella) coatings and reticular microbial patches as well as thick inter- and intragranular radial fibrous cement crusts are present. The gastropods represent at least four species and belong probably to undescribed taxa. The fusulinid genus Pseudofusulina and Misellina (M.) termieri are reported from the Khao Khad Formation for the first time and indicate a Bolorian age. Calcareous algae are dominated by dasycladaceans followed by gymnocodiaceans and solenoporaceans. The studied limestone almost completely lacks metazoan reef builders such as corals and sponges. Likewise, brachiopods and bivalves are absent in the studied samples and echinoderms are very scarce. The carbonate is interpreted as product of shallow water, back-reef lagoonal platform community with a high productivity providing the large gastropods with sufficient food. However, conditions were too eutrophic for sessile filter feeders including metazoan reef builders.

scholarly journals Fusiline foraminiferal biostratigraphy and carbonate facies of the Permian Ratburi Limestone, Saraburi, central Thailand

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Middle Permian ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Platform Margin ◽  
Algal Reef ◽  
First Time ◽  
Early Late ◽  
Central Thailand ◽  
Tectonic Movements

Abstract. A succession of Permian carbonates outcropping along the highway north of Saraburi, central Thailand, has yielded a prolific and diverse fusiline-algal assemblage of Early Permian (Sakmarian) to early Late Permian (Midian) age. Six major units representing dominantly carbonate platform environments are recognised: turbidite and basin slope deposits, a platform margin algal reef, a back reef, an interior platform with patch reefs, a protected lagoon inner platform, and supratidal, dolomitised algal mats. Archaeolithoporella and Tubiphytes form major reef frameworks analogous to those described from the Middle Permian reefs of Trogkofel (southern Austria) and El Capitan (western Texas). The associated dasycladacean floras are assignable to the Eastern Circum-Pacific Realm, whilst the fusiline fauna has Arctic-Tethyan affinities in the Early Permian and Tethyan affinities in the Middle Permian. Eight fusuline assemblage zones are recognised and the Robustoschwagerina-Nagatoella Zone, representing the Sakmarian (early Artinskian) stage, is recorded for the first time from central Thailand. Phylogenetic studies of the fusulines, coupled with an examination of the diagenetic fabrics and field observations, indicate the presence of an unconformity during the late Early Permian-early Middle Permian, which may be correlatable with a worldwide eustatic sea-level fall or may be due to local tectonic movements.

Early Permian fossil vertebrate footprints and their stratigraphic setting in megacyclic sequence II red beds, Prim Point, Prince Edward Island

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Mossman ◽  
Craig H. Place
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Red Beds ◽  
Sparse Vegetation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fossil Vertebrate ◽  
Crevasse Splay ◽  
First Time

Vertebrate trace fossils are reported for the first time from red beds near the top of megacyclic sequence II at Prim Point in southwestern Prince Edward Island. They occur as casts of tetrapod trackways. The ichnocoenose also includes a rich invertebrate ichnofauna. The trackmakers thrived in an area of sparse vegetation and occupied out-of-channel river sediments, most likely crevasse-splay deposits.Amphisauropus latus, represented by three trackways, has been previously reported from Germany, Poland, and Czechoslovakia. It is here interpreted as the track of a cotylosaur. It occurs together with the track of Gilmoreichnus kablikae, which is either a captorhinomorph or possibly a juvenile pelycosaur. These facilitate the assignment of a late Early Permian (late Autunian) age to the strata. The third set of footprints, those of a small herbivorous pelycosaur, compare most closely with Ichniotherium willsi, known hitherto from the Keele beds (latest Stephanian) of the English Midlands.This ichnocoenose occurs in a plate-tectonically rafted segment of crust stratigraphically equivalent to the same association of ichnofauna in the English Midlands and central Europe. The community occupied piedmont-valley-flat red beds within the molasse facies of Variscan uplands.

First Permo-Carboniferous conodonts from North Greenland

1996 ◽  
Vol 133 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Audun Rasmussen ◽  
Eckart Håkansson
Keyword(s):  
Early Permian ◽  
Upper Carboniferous ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Greenland

AbstractUpper Palaeozoic conodonts are described for the first time from the North Greenland Wandel Sea Basin. In eastern Peary Land, the Moscovian species Idiognathodus incurvus and the Kasimovian—Gzhelian I. magnificus occur in the Upper Carboniferous Foldedal Formation, while an assemblage from the lower part of the succeeding Kim Fjelde Formation suggests deposition in the Upper Artinskian Neostreptognathodus pequopensis—N. clarki Zone. These datings confirm the existence in the northern part of the Wandel Sea Basin of the pronounced early Permian hiatus previously recognized in Holm Land and Amdrup Land in the southern part of the basin. The single conodont specimen found at Prinsesse Ingeborg Halvø further corrobates the local absence of this regional hiatus in the central part of the Wandel Sea Basin.

Artinskian conodonts from the Dingjiazhai Formation of the Baoshan Block, west Yunnan, southwest China

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumi Ueno ◽  
Yoshihiro Mizuno ◽  
Xiangdong Wang ◽  
Shilong Mei
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
Stratigraphic Unit ◽  
Current Definition ◽  
Conodont Fauna ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time

Permian conodonts were recovered for the first time from the Dingjiazhai Formation, a well-known diamictite-bearing stratigraphic unit in the Gondwana-derived Baoshan Block in West Yunnan, Southwest China. The conodont fauna occurs in limestone units within the upper part of the formation and consists of Sweetognathus bucaramangus (Rabe), S. whitei (Rhodes), Mesogondolella bisselli (Clark and Behnken), and an unidentified ramiform element. Based on the known stratigraphic distribution of 5. bucaramangus (Rabe), the fauna is referable to the upper Sweetognathus whitei-Mesogondolella bisselli Zone, and thus is dated as middle Artinskian according to the current definition of the stage. The Dingjiazhai Formation is overlain paraconformably by the Woniusi Formation, which is represented mostly by basalts and basaltic volcaniclastics related to rifting volcanism during the separation of the Baoshan Block from Gondwanaland. The present discovery of conodonts from the upper part of the Dingjiazhai Formation reveals that the glaciogene diamictites in the Dingjiazhai Formation are older than middle Artinskian, and the inception of rifting volcanism of the Baoshan Block is later than middle Artinskian.Occurrence of an essentially warm water element, Sweetognathus bucaramangus (Rabe), in the Dingjiazhai conodont assemblage notwithstanding, the entire fossil faunas including brachiopods and fusulinoideans from the limestone units of the formation can be best interpreted as a middle latitudinal, non-tropical, and still substantially Gondwana-influenced assemblage developed at the northern margin of Gondwanaland just after deglaciation in the southern hemisphere during Early Permian time. This time could be regarded as the beginning of the Cimmerian Region, which had mixed or transitional paleobiogeographic characteristics between the Paleoequatorial Tethyan and cool/cold Gondwanan realms, and which became well developed during Middle Permian time.

Middle Permian productidine brachiopods from central Thailand (the Indochina Terrane) with paleobiogeographic implications

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 804-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatoshi Sone ◽  
Chongpan Chonglakmani ◽  
Anisong Chitnarin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Middle Permian ◽  
Western Margin ◽  
Central Thailand

Three productidine brachiopods ofHaydenella, Paraplicatifera,andCompressoproductusare recovered from the Tak Fa Formation (Wordian, Middle Permian) of the upper Saraburi Limestone Group exposed at Khao Wong of central Thailand (the western margin of the Indochina Terrane). The latter two genera are new to the Permian of Thailand, and the new speciesParaplicatifera thaicais proposed herewith. Some taxonomic and nomenclatural problems in relation to the three genera are discussed. The assemblage suggests endemism for a Middle Permian marine faunule of the Indochina Terrane.

New and poorly known species of coelotine spiders (Araneae, Amaurobiidae) from Thailand

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 970 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAKAWIN DANKITTIPAKUL ◽  
THANAPHUM CHAMI-KRANON ◽  
XIN-PING WANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
National Park ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Montane Rain Forest ◽  
Khao Yai National Park ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Central Thailand ◽  
Doi Inthanon

Two new species of the subfamily Coelotinae (Araneae, Amaurobiidae) are described from Thailand. Coelotes suthepicus sp. n. (% & ) was recorded from an evergreen hill forest near the summit of Doi Pui, northern Thailand. Asiacoelotes sparus sp. n. (%) was collected from a lower montane rain forest on Khao Khieo, Khao Yai National Park, central Thailand. The genus Asiacoelotes Wang, 2002 is reported from this country for the first time, where it presumably reaches its southernmost zoogeographical boundary. Additional specimens of C. thailandensis Dankittipakul & Wang, 2003 are collected from Doi Inthanon National Park; the female of this species is described here; variation in male palpal structure is illustrated. Males of Draconarius monticola Dankittipakul, Sonthichai & Wang, 2005 are collected and described from Doi Chiang Dao.

Long-term lacustrine paleo-productivity and/or paleo-anoxia trends controlled by eccentricity cycles in the continental Autun Basin (France) at the Carboniferous/Permian boundary

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann Schnyder ◽  
Mathieu Martinez ◽  
François Baudin ◽  
Mathilde Mercuzot ◽  
Pierre Pellenard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Oil Shale ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Variscan Orogeny ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Rock Eval ◽  
First Time

<p>The organic-rich lacustrine beds of the Autun Basin (France) were deposited from the late Gzhelian (late Carboniferous) to the Sakmarian (early Permian), encompassing the Carboniferous-Permian boundary (∼299 Ma). Those deposits reach up to 1500 m thick, and correspond to a tropical, intra-mountainous late-orogenic basin infilling associated with the Variscan orogeny (Marteau, 1983; Schneider et al., 2006). Organic-rich and laminated facies are attributed to distal lacustrine environments which sometimes alternate with silty to sandy rich deltaic depositional environments (Mercuzot et al., 2019). The four successive formations (respectively the Igornay, Muse, Surmoulin and Millery fms) yield series of oil-shale beds (successively the Moloy, Igornay, Lally Muse, Surmoulin and Les Télots beds) (Marteau, 1983; Garel et al., 2017). The oil-shale beds are at least several m thick in the basin, except for the “Margenne” boghead bed which is only 0.3 m thick (Marteau, 1983; Garel et al., 2017). Recently, accurate U-Pb ages obtained on zircons from volcanic layers of the Autun Basin have placed the Carboniferous-Permian boundary within the Lally oil-shale beds (Pellenard et al., 2017).</p><p>In this work, we present a detailed study of the 364-m thick Chevrey 1 core, based on a Rock-Eval pyrolysis survey. The Chevrey 1 core encompasses the successive Igornay and Muse fms., including the Lally oil shale bed and the C/P boundary. TOC varies from 0.2 to 21 wt%, whereas HI values range from 22 to 421 mgHC/gTOC. The Lally oil-shale bed seems to correspond to a 2.5-m thick interval of maximum organic preservation between -145.02 m and -142.55 m, with TOC peaks reaching 12-21 wt%. However, the broad organic-rich interval seems much larger, with TOC around 6.1 wt% on average and HI values of 282 mgHC/gTOC on average between -157.3 m and -126.1 m. Moreover, a long-term progressive increase of TOC accumulation, highlighted by several organic pulses is obvious, starting at -282.4 m and pre-dating the Lally oil shale bed occurrence. We thus evidence for the first time that the Lally oil shale bed corresponds to the short-lived apex of a long-term lacustrine organic rich sequence of increasing paleo-productivity and/or paleo-anoxia that is ∼ 200m in thickness and therefore, is not only limited to a thin, (pluri)-meter-thick organic rich interval associated with short-lived anoxia and/or primary productivity pulse, as previously admitted. These findings rise the question of the paleoenvironmental mechanism(s) behind the occurrence of oil-shale intervals within the Autun Basin. Although further works are needed to fully understand those mechanisms, a preliminary cyclostratigraphy study using the Chevrey 1 TOC record suggests that the organic accumulation was likely controlled by climatic cycles in the Milankovitch frequency bands, and that the ∼ 200 m long-term organic trend may be linked to ~2 Myrs eccentricity.</p>

Origin and early evolutionary radiation of the Order Lagenida (Foraminifera)

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 831-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Groves ◽  
Demír Altiner ◽  
Roberto Rettori
Keyword(s):  
Sister Group ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Radial Wall ◽  
Center Of Origin ◽  
Cool Water ◽  
Western Margin ◽  
Evolutionary Radiation ◽  
Discontinuous Growth

The Order Lagenida is a monophyletic group of calcareous foraminifers that originated in Middle Pennsylvanian time via acquisition of hyaline-radial wall structure and loss of microgranular wall structure, the latter being characteristic of the close sister group and likely ancestor, the Fusulinida. Early lagenides are delineated into subgroups on the basis of presence or absence of partitioning within their tests, and among partitioned forms, on continuous versus discontinuous growth styles. Partitioned, discontinuously growing forms may be further delineated on the basis of test symmetry and on modifications to chamber shape and apertural complexity. Early lagenides underwent rapid taxonomic differentiation during late Moscovian and early Kasimovian time. Taxonomic differentiation was accompanied by rapid dispersal from the presumed center of origin in the midcontinent-Andean area to tropical and subtropical shelves worldwide. By Early Permian time certain lagenides were adapted to cool water paleoenvironments, as evidenced by their occurrences in high paleolatitudes and even in glaciomarine basins. Early Permian lagenides do not exhibit marked provincialism, but there is evidence for paleolatitudinal control on assemblages. The midcontinent-Andean and present Arctic areas contain similar, diverse faunas from low- to mid paleolatitudes along the western margin of Pangaea. These faunas share many elements in common with faunas from the tropical and subtropical eastern margin of Pangaea (Paleotethys). In contrast, the Europe-Urals, Siberian and Australian areas are characterized by a slightly different faunal association from mid- to high paleolatitudes in both hemispheres. Panthalssan faunas are less well known, but seemingly contain only cosmopolitan taxa.

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