Crop, livestock and forestry performance assessment under different production systems in the north of Mato Grosso, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 2085-2096 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. S. Magalhães ◽  
B. C. Pedreira ◽  
H. Tonini ◽  
A. L. Farias Neto
Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wellington Azambuja Magalhães ◽  
Onã Silva Freddi ◽  
Ricardo Santos Silva Amorim ◽  
Vinicius Marchioro ◽  
Luis Augusto Di Loreto Di Raimo ◽  
...  

SISTEMAS INTEGRADOS DE PRODUÇÃO AGROPECUÁRIA NO NORTE DE MATO GROSSO E AS PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS DO SOLO Áreas com sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária (SIPA) vêm aumentando consideravelmente nos últimos anos no Brasil. Com isso, estudos relativos à qualidade física do solo têm sido essenciais na orientação do melhor manejo a ser adotado evitando prejuízos com a degradação física do solo. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar as propriedades físicas de um Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo sob sistemas integrados de produção no norte de Mato Grosso após quatro anos de implantação. O experimento foi instalado em janeiro de 2009 na Unidade de Referência Tecnológica (URT) da EMBRAPA Agrossilvipastoril na Fazenda Gamada, município de Nova Canaã do Norte, MT. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (CLFI) nos seguintes arranjos florestais: Eucalipto em linha simples, linha dupla e linha tripla (Eucalipto I, II e III respectivamente), Teca em linha tripla e Pau-balsa em linha tripla. Amostras de solo com estrutura preservada foram coletadas na direção transversal das espécies florestais, para avaliação da densidade do solo, resistência do solo à penetração e porosidade do solo. Foi observada maior densidade do solo nos sistemas com Teca e Pau-balsa. A resistência à penetração do solo foi maior no sistema com teca em linha tripla. A densidade de árvores assim como os arranjos florestais influem sobre as propriedades físicas do solo. Os sistemas integrados de produção com componente florestal eucalipto proporcionaram menor degradação física do solo após quatro anos de implantação. Independentemente dos sistemas analisados, os valores das propriedades físicas, em geral, indicaram que o uso agrícola do solo associado ao histórico de uso da área experimental provocou aumento do efeito restritivo ao desenvolvimento radicular das culturas.Palavras-chave: densidade do solo, eucalyptus, física do solo, ILPF, Ochroma pyramidale, Tectona grandis. ABSTRACT:The areas with integrated agricultural production systems have increased considerably in recent years in Brazil. Thus, soil physical quality studies are essential in guiding the best management to be adopted, avoiding damages with the soil physical degradation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical properties of a Red Yellow Latosol under integrated production systems in the north of Mato Grosso after four years of implementation. The experiment was installed in January 2009 at the Technological Reference Unit (URT) of EMBRAPA Agrossilvipastoril at Fazenda Gamada, municipality of Nova Canaã do Norte, MT. The treatments consisted of five systems of crop-livestock-forestry integration (ICLF) in the following forestry arrangements: Eucalyptus in single line, double line and triple line (Eucalyptus I, II and III respectively), Teak in triple line and Pau-balsa in triple line. Soil samples with preserved structure were collected in the transverse direction of the forest species, to evaluate bulk density, soil resistance to penetration and soil porosity. There was higher bulk density in the ICLF systems with Teak and Pau-balsa. The penetration resistance of the soil was higher in the system with Teak in triple line. The trees density as well the forestry arrangements influence the soil physical properties. The integrated production systems with forest component Eucalyptus provided less physical degradation of the soil after four years of implantation. Regardless of the analyzed systems, the values of the physical properties in general indicated that the agricultural use of the soil associated with the history of the experimental area caused an increase of the restrictive effect to the root development of the cultures.Keywords: bulk density, eucalyptus, soil physics, ICLF, Ochroma pyramidale, Tectona grandis.


2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
James Lucas da Costa-Lima ◽  
Earl Celestino de Oliveira Chagas

Abstract—A synopsis of Dicliptera (Acanthaceae) for Brazil is presented. Six species are recognized: Dicliptera ciliaris, D. sexangularis, and D. squarrosa, widely distributed in South America; D. purpurascens, which ranges from the North Region of Brazil (in the state of Acre) to eastern Bolivia; D. gracilirama, a new species from the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil; and D. granchaquenha, a new species recorded in dry and semideciduous forests in Bolivia and western Brazil, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Furthermore, we propose new synonyms and designate lectotypes for eleven names. An identification key to the six accepted Dicliptera species in Brazil is provided.


2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.D.C. Ferreira ◽  
A.R.O. Rodrigues ◽  
J.-M. Cunha ◽  
M.V. Domingues

AbstractFive species of Urocleidoides (one new) and two new species of Constrictoanchoratus n. gen. are described in this study. All were collected from the gills of Hoplias malabaricus (Characiformes: Erythrinidae) captured in six localities of coastal rivers of the north-eastern sector the State of Pará (Oriental Amazon): Urocleidoides brasiliensis Rosim, Mendoza-Franco & Luque, 2011; Urocleidoides bulbophallus n. sp.; Urocleidoides cuiabai Rosim, Mendoza-Franco & Luque, 2011; Urocleidoides eremitus Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986; Urocleidoides malabaricusi Rosim, Mendoza-Franco & Luque, 2011; Constrictoanchoratus lemmyi n. gen. n. sp.; and Constrictoanchoratus ptilonophallus n. gen. n. sp. This is the first reported occurrence of the four previously described species of Urocleidoides parasitizing H. malabaricus from streams in the Oriental Amazon Basin. The analysis of voucher specimens of U. eremitus parasitizing the gills of H. malabaricus from the Upper Paraná River floodplain in the limits of States of Paraná and Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, indicates that these specimens are members of a new species of Urocleidoides, described here as Urocleidoides paranae n. sp. Constrictoanchoratus n. gen. is proposed for the species with a male copulatory organ sclerotized, coiled, clockwise; ventral anchor with elongate superficial root, inconspicuous deep root; dorsal anchor with inconspicuous roots, and a constriction at the intersection between the shaft and the point. The host–parasite diversity scenario and host specificity of the species of Constrictoanchoratus n. gen. and Urocleidoides from the gills of H. malabaricus are also discussed in this study.


Author(s):  
Euzeli da Silva Brandão ◽  
Iraci dos Santos ◽  
Regina Serrão Lanzillotti ◽  
Adriano Menis Ferreira ◽  
Mônica Antar Gamba ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Objective: identify nursing diagnoses in patients with immune-bullous dermatosis. Method: a quantitative and descriptive research, carried out in three institutions located in Rio de Janeiro and Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, using the Client Assessment Protocol in Dermatology during a nursing consultation. Simple descriptive statistics was used for data analysis. Results: 14 subjects participated in the study, nine with a diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus two and three of bullous pemphigoid. The age ranged between 27 and 82 years, predominantly females (11). 14 nursing diagnoses were discussed and identified from a clinical rationale in all study participants, representing the most common human responses in this sample. The application of the Assessment Protocol in Dermatology facilitated the comprehensive assessment, in addition to providing the identification of diagnostics according to the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International. Conclusion: the nursing diagnoses presented confirm the necessity of interdisciplinary work during the care for this clientele. For better description of the phenomena related to the client in question, it is suggested the inclusion of two risk factors related in three diagnoses of this taxonomy. It is worth noting the contribution of the findings for the care, education and research in nursing in dermatology.


2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo CR Azevedo ◽  
Nataly A Souza ◽  
Cláudio RV Meneses ◽  
Wagner A Costa ◽  
Simone M Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto F. L. Amaral

Title in Portuguese: Funções de migração por idade e caracterização de migrantes das microrregiões de Goiás e Distrito Federal, 1975-1979 e 1986-1990(Dissertação de Mestrado)(M.A. Thesis)Since the 70’s, the Brazilian Middle-West Region has experienced an important modernization process in agricultural and industrial activities, which has led to an employment retraction and migration flows, especially from rural areas to the major metropolitan cities of the region. In this research the focus of analysis are the State of Goiás and the Federal District, which encompasses Brasília, the capital of Brazil. In order to understand the new population configuration, the region was divided into four sub-areas (micro-region of Goiânia, micro-region of Entorno de Brasília, the Federal District, and a group of 16 micro-regions of Goiás) and the patterns of migration, by age and sex, were estimated for the periods 1975-1979 and 1986-1991. In addition, differences between native and migrant population of each sub-area, according to the participation in the labor force, income, education and type of migration were investigated. The analysis was performed on the basis of the 1980 and 1991 Brazilian Census data.In the intra-state migration, the fluxes between the micro-region of Goiânia and the 16 other micro-regions of Goiás, and between the Federal District and the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília were the most important. In the inter-state migration, the flux from the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and the North region to the 16 micro-regions of Goiás, as well as the flux from Northeast, Southeast and South to the Federal District were significant. But there was a decline in the migration to the Federal District, between 1975-1979 and 1986-1991, while, in the same period, the migration to the Entorno of Brasília increased.The chance of the migrant population in the micro-region of Goiânia and in the Federal District to have worked in the last 12 months prior to census interview was lower than that of the native population. However, those who migrated from the Federal District to the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília had higher chance to have worked in the formal sector than those who did not migrate. Migrants who moved from the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília and the 16 other micro-regions of Goiás to the micro-region of Goiânia had lower wages than the non-migrant population. The lowest level of wages was recorded for the migrants to the 16 other micro-regions of Goiás. Migrants living in the Federal District had high level of education, while those migrants living in the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília had low level of education.In 1986-1990, the micro-regions of Goiânia and Entorno de Brasília, as well as the 16 other micro-regions of Goiás, presented a high percentage of returned migrants. In the same period, a major proportion of migrants to the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília had first moved from Southeast or from the Federal District to others regions. In addition, there was a considerable proportion of migrants with low income who had moved from Northeast to the Federal District and then to the micro-region of the Entorno de Brasília.Future research could focus other areas or regions of Brazil, and could also explore the same kind of analysis, on the basis of the incoming 2000 Brazilian Census, which requires the development of new techniques, as it did not collect information on the city of previous residence, but only on the state of residence.


2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thays Torquato Cruz ◽  
Guilherme Lafourcarde Asmus ◽  
Rodrigo Arroyo Garcia

ABSTRACT: Soybean is the main agricultural crop in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. It is primarily cultivated in a crop succession system, in wich soybean is grown in spring/summer, followed by corn or graminaceous pastures in autumn/winter as a second crop. Due to the intensive cultivation, new phytosanitary problems have arisen, among them the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus brachyurus, which besides causing damage to plant roots, can be important gateway for other soil pathogens. The recent occurrence of high nematode population densities has brought great concern due to the limited resistant soybean genotypes available. Besides, the use of nematicides only reduces nematodes populations temporarily. A viable alternative for the control of soil nematodes could be the use of Crotalaria spp. in succession or rotation with soybean. Crotalaria is immune or a bad host to the nematode, besides having high capacity of biological nitrogen fixation. Thus, the objective of the present research was to define the best way of insertion of this legume as a second crop in soybean production systems to reduce the population density of the root-lesion nematode. Two experiments were carried out: one in the field, in an infested area, and other in a greenhouse. In both experiments, the treatments were: 1) Zea mays, 2) Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés,, 3) Z. mays + Crotalaria spectabilis, 4) Z. mays + C. ochroleuca, 5) B. brizantha cv. Xaraés + C. spectabilis, 6) B. brizantha cv. Xaraés + C. ochroleuca, 7) C. spectabilis, and 8) C. ochroleuca. The effect of the treatments was evaluated by estimating the number of nematodes in the roots of autumn/winter crops, as well as in the roots of the soybean cultivated in the sequence. The cultivation of both Crotalaria species provided suppression of the nematode population. However, when intercropped with corn or Xaraés palisade grass, the suppressive effect of Crotalaria was supplanted by corn and Xaraés palisadegrass susceptibility to the root-lesion nematode.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 82074-82089
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Rodrigues Da Silva ◽  
Giseudo Aparecido De Paiva ◽  
Grace Queiroz David ◽  
Julliane Dutra Medeiros ◽  
Adriana Matheus da Costa De Figueiredo

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 14914-14929
Author(s):  
Pocoun Damè Kombienou ◽  
Ismaël Imorou Toko ◽  
Gustave Dieudonné Dagbenonbakin ◽  
Guy Apollinaire Mensah ◽  
Brice Augustin Sinsin

L’étude aborde la dynamique de l’utilisation des terres à travers l’évolution des emblavures et de la production des principales cultures, puis l’impact des activités agricoles sur l’environnement et les conditions de vie des populations. Objectif : L’objectif global de l’étude était d’évaluer les impacts socio-environnementaux des activités agricoles dans les Communes de Natitingou, Boukombé, Tanguiéta et Toucountouna en zone de montagnes au nord-ouest de l’Atacora au Bénin. Méthodologie et résultats : Les méthodes utilisées étaient les enquêtes exploratoires, les diagnostics participatifs, les sondages d’opinion et les analyses statistiques tels que la variance suivant le test de Tukey et le test de corrélation. Au total, 400 agriculteurs sont sélectionnés au hasard et interrogés dans huit villages des quatre communes à l'aide d'un questionnaire structuré pour obtenir des données relatives aux nombres de cultures produites sur une même parcelle, aux différentes pratiques agricoles, à l'utilisation des engrais minéraux, à l’adoption des techniques endogènes et exogènes de gestion et de conservation de la fertilité des sols dans le milieu. Les résultats ont montré que les systèmes de productions agricoles étaient encore de type extensif et itinérant sur brûlis. Les cultures étaient mises en place en pure et en associations entre avril et décembre avec une prééminence des céréales qui ont occupé environ 52 % des superficies emblavées. Les productions étaient plus en fonction des superficies que de l’intensification agricole. Les causes de dégradation des sols, la production, ont été collectées lors des entretiens collectifs et individuels. Les impacts de la production agricole se traduisaient surtout entre autres, par la disparition du couvert végétal, la baisse de la fertilité des sols et la pollution de certains cours d’eau aux bords desquels se réalisaient des activités à dominance agricole. Conclusion et application des résultats : Certaines activités telles que l’utilisation des engrais chimiques et les feux de végétation ont résolu d’une manière ponctuelle certains problèmes comme l’amélioration des rendements agricoles et l’augmentation des revenus, mais elles n’ont pas duré dans le temps. Au fil des années, ces activités ont eu un impact négatif sur le milieu et les conditions de vie des populations. L’intensification agricole basée sur la vulgarisation et l’adoption des technologies plus productives et respectueuses de l’environnement, efficientes, facilement applicables par les producteurs, demeure l’une des stratégies pour garantir une utilisation durable des ressources naturelles. Mots clés: Bénin, Atacora, activités agricoles, impacts socio-environnementaux et dégradation des sols ABSTRACT The study approaches the dynamics of the land use through the evolution of cultivated area and the production of the principal crops, then the impacts of the agricultural activities on the environment and the living conditions of the population. Objective: The total objective of the study was to evaluate the socio-environmental impacts of the agricultural activities in the Communes of Natitingou, Boukombe, Tanguieta and Toucountouna in mountainous area in the North-Western of Atacora in Benin. Methodology and Results: The methods used were the exploratory investigations, the participative diagnoses, the opinion polls and statistical analyses such as the variance according to the test of Tukey and the test of correlation. On the whole, 400 farmers were selected randomly and questioned in eight villages of the four communes using a structured questionnaire to obtain relative data with the numbers of cultures produced on the same piece, with various husbandries, with the use of mineral manures, the adoption of the endogenous and exogenous technical of management and conservation of the fertility of the grounds in the medium. The results showed that agricultural production systems were still extensive and itinerant on slash-and-burn. Crops were established in pure and association between April and December with a pre-eminence of cereals, which accounted for about 52% of the area. Productions were more based on acreage than agricultural intensification. The causes of soil degradation, production, were collected during collective and individual interviews. The impacts of agricultural production were mainly reflected in the disappearance of vegetation cover, the decline in soil fertility and the pollution of certain rivers along which agricultural-dominated activities were carried out. Conclusion and application of results: Some activities such as the use of chemical fertilizers and wildfires have solved problems such as improving agricultural yields and increasing incomes on an ad hoc basis, but they didn’t last. Over the years, these activities have negatively affected the environment and living conditions of the population. The agricultural intensification based on the popularization and the adoption of more productive and environment friendly technologies, easily applicable by the producers, remains one of the strategies to guarantee a durable use of the natural resources. Keywords: Benin, Atacora, agricultural activities, socio-environmental impacts and impoverishment of the soil


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-445
Author(s):  
Angélica Vilas Boas da Frota ◽  
Breno Dias Vitorino ◽  
Josué Ribeiro da Silva Nunes ◽  
Carolina Joana da Silva

Birds are considered one of the most well-known groups of animals in the Pantanal, playing an important ecological role in wetland ecosystems. Our aim was to identify the main themes and gaps in current knowledge of these birds, considering thirty years of scientific research to direct future studies. We performed a scientometric analysis based on five platforms with the search words “Aves” and “Pantanal” as well as “Bird” and “Pantanal”. We identified 145 scientific studies, with themes of ecology (64), conservation (23), health (17), fauna (15), genetics (12), geographic distribution (7), and environmental education (7). The number of publications has increased significantly over the years. However, the focus is predominantly on certain Pantanal regions, such as the municipalities of Corumbá in Mato Grosso do Sul state and Poconé in Mato Grosso state. Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus and Mycteria americana are among the species with the largest number of studies in the Pantanal, with 12 and 11 papers, respectively. We highlighted the need for new studies in regions such as the north-west and themes such as threatened species and ecosystem services. Integrated knowledge and interdisciplinary approaches can be useful in strategic decision-making and more effective for bird conservation in wetlands.


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