scholarly journals Impacts socio-environnementaux des activités agricoles en zone de montagnes au Nord-Ouest de l’Atacora au Bénin

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 14914-14929
Author(s):  
Pocoun Damè Kombienou ◽  
Ismaël Imorou Toko ◽  
Gustave Dieudonné Dagbenonbakin ◽  
Guy Apollinaire Mensah ◽  
Brice Augustin Sinsin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
The North ◽  
Agricultural Yields

L’étude aborde la dynamique de l’utilisation des terres à travers l’évolution des emblavures et de la production des principales cultures, puis l’impact des activités agricoles sur l’environnement et les conditions de vie des populations. Objectif : L’objectif global de l’étude était d’évaluer les impacts socio-environnementaux des activités agricoles dans les Communes de Natitingou, Boukombé, Tanguiéta et Toucountouna en zone de montagnes au nord-ouest de l’Atacora au Bénin. Méthodologie et résultats : Les méthodes utilisées étaient les enquêtes exploratoires, les diagnostics participatifs, les sondages d’opinion et les analyses statistiques tels que la variance suivant le test de Tukey et le test de corrélation. Au total, 400 agriculteurs sont sélectionnés au hasard et interrogés dans huit villages des quatre communes à l'aide d'un questionnaire structuré pour obtenir des données relatives aux nombres de cultures produites sur une même parcelle, aux différentes pratiques agricoles, à l'utilisation des engrais minéraux, à l’adoption des techniques endogènes et exogènes de gestion et de conservation de la fertilité des sols dans le milieu. Les résultats ont montré que les systèmes de productions agricoles étaient encore de type extensif et itinérant sur brûlis. Les cultures étaient mises en place en pure et en associations entre avril et décembre avec une prééminence des céréales qui ont occupé environ 52 % des superficies emblavées. Les productions étaient plus en fonction des superficies que de l’intensification agricole. Les causes de dégradation des sols, la production, ont été collectées lors des entretiens collectifs et individuels. Les impacts de la production agricole se traduisaient surtout entre autres, par la disparition du couvert végétal, la baisse de la fertilité des sols et la pollution de certains cours d’eau aux bords desquels se réalisaient des activités à dominance agricole. Conclusion et application des résultats : Certaines activités telles que l’utilisation des engrais chimiques et les feux de végétation ont résolu d’une manière ponctuelle certains problèmes comme l’amélioration des rendements agricoles et l’augmentation des revenus, mais elles n’ont pas duré dans le temps. Au fil des années, ces activités ont eu un impact négatif sur le milieu et les conditions de vie des populations. L’intensification agricole basée sur la vulgarisation et l’adoption des technologies plus productives et respectueuses de l’environnement, efficientes, facilement applicables par les producteurs, demeure l’une des stratégies pour garantir une utilisation durable des ressources naturelles. Mots clés: Bénin, Atacora, activités agricoles, impacts socio-environnementaux et dégradation des sols ABSTRACT The study approaches the dynamics of the land use through the evolution of cultivated area and the production of the principal crops, then the impacts of the agricultural activities on the environment and the living conditions of the population. Objective: The total objective of the study was to evaluate the socio-environmental impacts of the agricultural activities in the Communes of Natitingou, Boukombe, Tanguieta and Toucountouna in mountainous area in the North-Western of Atacora in Benin. Methodology and Results: The methods used were the exploratory investigations, the participative diagnoses, the opinion polls and statistical analyses such as the variance according to the test of Tukey and the test of correlation. On the whole, 400 farmers were selected randomly and questioned in eight villages of the four communes using a structured questionnaire to obtain relative data with the numbers of cultures produced on the same piece, with various husbandries, with the use of mineral manures, the adoption of the endogenous and exogenous technical of management and conservation of the fertility of the grounds in the medium. The results showed that agricultural production systems were still extensive and itinerant on slash-and-burn. Crops were established in pure and association between April and December with a pre-eminence of cereals, which accounted for about 52% of the area. Productions were more based on acreage than agricultural intensification. The causes of soil degradation, production, were collected during collective and individual interviews. The impacts of agricultural production were mainly reflected in the disappearance of vegetation cover, the decline in soil fertility and the pollution of certain rivers along which agricultural-dominated activities were carried out. Conclusion and application of results: Some activities such as the use of chemical fertilizers and wildfires have solved problems such as improving agricultural yields and increasing incomes on an ad hoc basis, but they didn’t last. Over the years, these activities have negatively affected the environment and living conditions of the population. The agricultural intensification based on the popularization and the adoption of more productive and environment friendly technologies, easily applicable by the producers, remains one of the strategies to guarantee a durable use of the natural resources. Keywords: Benin, Atacora, agricultural activities, socio-environmental impacts and impoverishment of the soil

scholarly journals INTEGRATED SYSTEMS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN THE NORTH OF MATO GROSSO AND THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wellington Azambuja Magalhães ◽  
Onã Silva Freddi ◽  
Ricardo Santos Silva Amorim ◽  
Vinicius Marchioro ◽  
Luis Augusto Di Loreto Di Raimo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Triple Line ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Integrated Production ◽  
The North ◽  
Physical Degradation

SISTEMAS INTEGRADOS DE PRODUÇÃO AGROPECUÁRIA NO NORTE DE MATO GROSSO E AS PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS DO SOLO Áreas com sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária (SIPA) vêm aumentando consideravelmente nos últimos anos no Brasil. Com isso, estudos relativos à qualidade física do solo têm sido essenciais na orientação do melhor manejo a ser adotado evitando prejuízos com a degradação física do solo. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar as propriedades físicas de um Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo sob sistemas integrados de produção no norte de Mato Grosso após quatro anos de implantação. O experimento foi instalado em janeiro de 2009 na Unidade de Referência Tecnológica (URT) da EMBRAPA Agrossilvipastoril na Fazenda Gamada, município de Nova Canaã do Norte, MT. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (CLFI) nos seguintes arranjos florestais: Eucalipto em linha simples, linha dupla e linha tripla (Eucalipto I, II e III respectivamente), Teca em linha tripla e Pau-balsa em linha tripla. Amostras de solo com estrutura preservada foram coletadas na direção transversal das espécies florestais, para avaliação da densidade do solo, resistência do solo à penetração e porosidade do solo. Foi observada maior densidade do solo nos sistemas com Teca e Pau-balsa. A resistência à penetração do solo foi maior no sistema com teca em linha tripla. A densidade de árvores assim como os arranjos florestais influem sobre as propriedades físicas do solo. Os sistemas integrados de produção com componente florestal eucalipto proporcionaram menor degradação física do solo após quatro anos de implantação. Independentemente dos sistemas analisados, os valores das propriedades físicas, em geral, indicaram que o uso agrícola do solo associado ao histórico de uso da área experimental provocou aumento do efeito restritivo ao desenvolvimento radicular das culturas.Palavras-chave: densidade do solo, eucalyptus, física do solo, ILPF, Ochroma pyramidale, Tectona grandis. ABSTRACT:The areas with integrated agricultural production systems have increased considerably in recent years in Brazil. Thus, soil physical quality studies are essential in guiding the best management to be adopted, avoiding damages with the soil physical degradation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical properties of a Red Yellow Latosol under integrated production systems in the north of Mato Grosso after four years of implementation. The experiment was installed in January 2009 at the Technological Reference Unit (URT) of EMBRAPA Agrossilvipastoril at Fazenda Gamada, municipality of Nova Canaã do Norte, MT. The treatments consisted of five systems of crop-livestock-forestry integration (ICLF) in the following forestry arrangements: Eucalyptus in single line, double line and triple line (Eucalyptus I, II and III respectively), Teak in triple line and Pau-balsa in triple line. Soil samples with preserved structure were collected in the transverse direction of the forest species, to evaluate bulk density, soil resistance to penetration and soil porosity. There was higher bulk density in the ICLF systems with Teak and Pau-balsa. The penetration resistance of the soil was higher in the system with Teak in triple line. The trees density as well the forestry arrangements influence the soil physical properties. The integrated production systems with forest component Eucalyptus provided less physical degradation of the soil after four years of implantation. Regardless of the analyzed systems, the values of the physical properties in general indicated that the agricultural use of the soil associated with the history of the experimental area caused an increase of the restrictive effect to the root development of the cultures.Keywords: bulk density, eucalyptus, soil physics, ICLF, Ochroma pyramidale, Tectona grandis.

scholarly journals Technical Efficiency of Yam Producers: The Case of the Municipality of Glazoue in Benin

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Jean Adanguidi ◽  
Cocou Jaures Amegnaglo
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Stochastic Production Frontier ◽  
Production Frontier ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stochastic Production ◽  
Agricultural Yields

In Benin republic, yam plays an important role both in production systems and in people’s food security and trade. In view of the decline in agricultural yields in recent years combined with strong population growth, it is essential today to analyse the technical efficiency of yam producers in order to formulate the best recommendations for relaunching yam production. The objective of this paper is to analyse the technical efficiency of yam producers in Benin and its determinants. To achieve this objective, data were collected from 150 yam producers living in the Municipality of Glazoué. A stochastic production frontier is used to analyse the technical efficiency of the yam producer. The results revealed that the mean efficiency score of producers is around 80%. This implies that yam production could be increase by 20% through better use of available resources such as land, labour, herbicides, taking into account the state of technology. Access to credit and mobile phone ownership increase the inefficiency of actors while experience in agricultural production, age and household size reduce the inefficiency of producers.

scholarly journals Sustainable agricultural production systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Róger Martínez-Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

<p class="p1">Sustainable development is based on ethical principles such as respect for and harmony with nature, political values such as participative democracy and social equity, and moral norms such as environmental rationality. Sustainable development is egalitarian, neutral, and self-managed, able to satisfy the basic needs of people, respecting cultural diversity, and improving the quality of life. The concepts of agriculture and sustainable development refer to the need of minimizing degradation of fertile land, while working to increase production. They include agricultural activities such as soil and water management, crop management, and the conservation of biodiversity, taking into account the provision of food and raw materials. Sustainability of agricultural production systems refers to the capacity of the system to maintain its productivity in spite of economic and natural, external or internal limitations. Sustainability is a function of the natural features of a system and the pressures and interventions it experiences, as well as social, economic, and technical interventions that are carried out in order to fight negative pressures, highlighting the resiliency of the system. </p>

TBE in Italy

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
National Level ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Low Incidence

Italy is considered a low-incidence country for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Europe.1 Areas at higher risk for TBE in Italy are geographically clustered in the forested and mountainous regions and provinces in the north east part of the country, as suggested by TBE case series published over the last decade.2-5 A national enhanced surveillance system for TBE has been established since 2017.6 Before this, information on the occurrence of TBE cases at the national level in Italy was lacking. Both incidence rates and the geographical distribution of the disease were mostly inferred from endemic areas where surveillance was already in place, ad hoc studies and international literature.1

Production and technological features improving the structure of ration and consumption feed in the livestock and agricultural production activities of jsc pochapovo in the pinsky district

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Bazylev M. V. ◽  
◽  
E. A. Levkin E. A. ◽  
V. V. Linkov V. V.
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Production Study

Conducted a production study agricultural activities of JSC "Pochapovo" Pinsk district was allowed to determine the main directions in the organization and management of agriculture: in the direction of improving the system of fertilizer application and, in the introduction of the investment project to irrigate arable enterprise forage crops.

Prospects for the development of agrarian production systems in in the Right Bank Polesie of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (95) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Tarariko ◽  
L.V. Datsko ◽  
M.O. Datsko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

The aim of the work is to assess the existing and prospective models for the development of agricultural production in Central Polesie on the basis of economic feasibility and ecological balance. The evaluation of promising agricultural production systems was carried out with the help of simulation modeling of various infrastructure options at the levels of crop and multisectoral specialization of agroecosystems. The agro-resource potential of Central Polesie is better implemented in the rotation with lupine, corn and flax dolguntsem with well-developed infrastructure, including crop, livestock units, grain processing and storage systems, feed, finished products and waste processing in the bioenergetic station. The expected income for the formation of such an infrastructure is almost 8 thousand dollars. / with a payback period of capital investments of 2-3 years.

Assessment of Food Security of Municipalities in the Volgograd Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
O.V. Cherkasova ◽  
◽  
A.S. Strokov ◽  
E.V. Tsvetnov ◽  
O.A. Makarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Agricultural Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
North Western

The article assesses the food security of municipalities in the Volgograd region based on indicators of self-sufficiency in agricultural products. It was proposed to adapt the methodology for calculating self-sufficiency indicators, replacing indicators of consumption of basic products in municipalities that are not publicly available with indicators of necessary production volumes in accordance with rational norms. This makes it possible to better assess the extent to which municipalities are able to provide the population with basic food supplies, as well as to identify bottlenecks in order to develop proposals to address them. The highest self-sufficiency ratios for the main types of products was noted in the municipalities of the North-Western agricultural region with most favourable conditions for agricultural activities and, conversely, the lowest figures are typical for agricultural Zavolzhsky area – with the less favourable agricultural conditions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document