scholarly journals A behavioural study of obedience in health professional students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrem Violato ◽  
Brian Witschen ◽  
Emilio Violato ◽  
Sharla King
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Positive Deviance ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Speaking Up ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
Management Scenario ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
Writing Task

AbstractInterprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice (IPECP) is a field of study suggested to improve team functioning and patient safety. However, even interprofessional teams are susceptible to group pressures which may inhibit speaking up (positive deviance). Obedience is one group pressure that can inhibit positive deviance leading to negative patient outcomes. To examine the influence of obedience to authority in an interprofessional setting, an experimental simulated clinical scenario was conducted with Respiratory Therapy (RT) (n = 40) and Advanced Care Paramedic (ACP) (n = 20) students. In an airway management scenario, it was necessary for students to challenge an authority, a senior anesthesiologist, to prevent patient harm. In a 2 × 2 design cognitive load and an interventional writing task designed to increase positive deviance were tested. The effect of individual characteristics, including Moral Foundations, and displacement of responsibility were also examined. There was a significant effect for profession and cognitive load: RT students demonstrated lower levels of positive deviance in the low cognitive load scenario than students in other conditions. The writing task did not have a significant effect on RT or ACP students’ behaviour. The influence of Moral Foundations differed from expectations, In Group Loyalty was selected as a negative predictor of positive deviance while Respect for Authority was not. Displacement of responsibility was influential for some participants thought not for all. Other individual variables were identified for further investigation. Observational analysis of the simulation videos was conducted to obtain further insight into student behaviour in a compliance scenario. Individual differences, including experience, should be considered when providing education and training for positive deviance. Simulation provides an ideal setting to use compliance scenarios to train for positive deviance and for experimentation to study interprofessional team behaviour.

scholarly journals Bullying and Cyberbullying among Italian Adolescents: The Influence of Psychosocial Factors on Violent Behaviours

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1558
Author(s):  
Antonio Tintori ◽  
Giulia Ciancimino ◽  
Giorgio Giovanelli ◽  
Loredana Cerbara
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Social Discomfort ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
Statistical Sample

Background: The study of adolescents’ behaviours and attitudes is crucial to define interventions for the containment of deviance and social discomfort. New ways of social interaction are crystallising violent behaviours which are moving more than ever on a virtual sphere. Bullying and cyberbullying share a common behavioural matrix that has been outlined through specific environmental and individual characteristics. Methods: A survey carried out in Italy in 2019 on a statistical sample of 3273 students highlighted the influence of several social and individual variables on deviant phenomena. Risk and protective factors in relation to the probability of involvement in bullying and cyberbullying have been shown through a bivariate analysis and a binary logistic regression model. Results: The study shows that presence of stereotypes and social prejudices, tolerance to violence and high levels of self-esteem have resulted as the main risk factors. On the other hand, low levels of tolerance related to the consumption of alcohol and drugs, high levels of trust towards family and friends and being female have been identified as protective factors. Conclusions: This research confirms the validity of several theories on bullying and cyberbullying phenomena. Furthermore, it identifies specific risk and protective factors and their influence on deviant behaviours, with a focus on environmental characteristics which appear as the key field of work to enhance adolescents’ well-being.

scholarly journals Curricular Factors that Unintentionally Affect Learning in a Community-Based Interprofessional Education Program: The Student Perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelley Anne Doucet ◽  
Diane MacKenzie ◽  
Elaine Loney ◽  
Anne Godden-Webster ◽  
Heidi Lauckner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Program Improvement ◽  
Student Perspective ◽  
Barriers To Learning ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
Program Content ◽  
Parametric Statistics

Background: The Dalhousie Health Mentors Program (DHMP) is a community-based, pre-licensure interprofessional education initiative that aims to prepare health professional students for collaborative practice in the care of patients with chronic conditions. This program evaluation explores the students’ 1) learning and plans to incorporate skills into future practice; 2) ratings of program content, delivery, and assignments; 3) perspectives of curricular factors that inadvertently acted as barriers to learning; and 4) program improvement suggestions.Methods: All students (N = 745) from the 16 participating health programs were invited to complete an online mixed methods program evaluation survey at the conclusion of the 2012–2013 DHMP. A total of 295 students (40% response rate) responded to the Likert-type questions analyzed using descriptive and non-parametric statistics. Of these students, 204 (69%) provided responses to 10 open-ended questions, which were analyzed thematically.Findings: While the majority of respondents agreed that they achieved the DHMP learning objectives, the mixed-methods approach identified curriculum integration, team composition, and effectiveness of learning assignments as factors that unintentionally acted as barriers to learning, with three key student recommendations for program improvement.Conclusions: Educators and program planners need to be aware that even well-intended learning activities may result in unintended experiences that hamper interprofessional learning.

Who Am I as a Healthcare Provider?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1028-1043
Author(s):  
Rachel Umoren ◽  
Natalia Rybas
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
Interprofessional Teams ◽  
Acute Patient ◽  
Ad Hoc Teams

The U.S. healthcare delivery system relies on the formation of ad hoc teams of highly-trained, experienced, providers of various specialties. The providers work in interprofessional teams that converge to address situations around acute patient care. Various models of virtual training provide structured opportunities for interprofessional education, whereby learners engage with roles and responsibilities essential for their professions and active collaboration with other team members. This learning is transformative as it influences the development of professional identity and teamwork skills needed for successful collaborative practice in interprofessional teams. This chapter explores the role of training health care professional students using virtual simulations and the emerging potential of virtual and augmented reality for health professional education.

scholarly journals Improving Cultural Competency: A Patient-Centered Approach to Interprofessional Education and Practice in a Veterans Healthcare Facility

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Margaret Brommelsiek ◽  
Jane A. Peterson ◽  
Sarah Knopf Amelung
Keyword(s):  
Health Professional ◽  
Cultural Competency ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Military Culture ◽  
Veterans Health ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Health Professional Students

Background/Objective: Competency in health professions education when separated from culture is a ‘detached mastery’ of a discreet skill; there are no values considered, no human behind the understanding. This can result in an uneven understanding, proficiency, and commitment concerning individuals’ cultural differences. To increase cultural competency and improve care delivery to veterans, health professional students, participated in an interprofessional education immersion with clinical practicum at a Veteran’s Administration primary care clinic.Methods: Fifty-four graduate students from nursing, clinical psychology, pharmacy and social work participated in an interprofessional education course on military culture. Students’ knowledge and attitudes concerning veterans were evaluated at the start and end of the 8-week immersion course.Results: In both the Knowledge Assessment, a 10-item survey covering the core aspects of the course content, and Health Professionals’ Attitudes Toward Veterans Scale, student knowledge and attitudes improved relating to veterans care.Conclusions: Veterans seeking care in veterans’ and civilian facilities require a culturally competent health professional workforce. Interprofessional education coursework specifically focused on veterans and military culture has shown promise in increasing knowledge and compassion in health professional students working with veteran patients. 

Seminar in Public Health Law and Policy in an Interprofessional Setting: Preparing Practitioners for Collaborative Practice at the Macro Level

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (S1) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather A. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Collaborative Practice ◽  
Health Law ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Public Health Law ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
The Impact

The author created a new course, called “Seminar in Public Health Law and Policy in an Interprofessional Setting” to address the need for interprofessional education (IPE) to equip graduate and professional students for collaborative practice at the systemic and policy (i.e., macro”) levels in the health care and public health fields. Despite important work being done at the clinical practice level, limited existing IPE models examine larger systemic issues. The course is designed specifically to enable students in social work, law, and public health to recognize the reciprocal relationships between policy and interprofessional collaborative practice, including the need for understanding of the impact of team-practice work at the system and policy levels.

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