scholarly journals Democratizing ownership and participation in the 4th Industrial Revolution: challenges and opportunities in cellular agriculture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Chiles ◽  
Garrett Broad ◽  
Mark Gagnon ◽  
Nicole Negowetti ◽  
Leland Glenna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Status ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Industry Sectors

AbstractThe emergence of the “4th Industrial Revolution,” i.e. the convergence of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, advanced materials, and bioengineering technologies, could accelerate socioeconomic insecurities and anxieties or provide beneficial alternatives to the status quo. In the post-Covid-19 era, the entities that are best positioned to capitalize on these innovations are large firms, which use digital platforms and big data to orchestrate vast ecosystems of users and extract market share across industry sectors. Nonetheless, these technologies also have the potential to democratize ownership, broaden political-economic participation, and reduce environmental harms. We articulate the potential sociotechnical pathways in this high-stakes crossroads by analyzing cellular agriculture, an exemplary 4th Industrial Revolution technology that synergizes computer science, biopharma, tissue engineering, and food science to grow cultured meat, dairy, and egg products from cultured cells and/or genetically modified yeast. Our exploration of this space involved multi-sited ethnographic research in both (a) the cellular agriculture community and (b) alternative economic organizations devoted to open source licensing, member-owned cooperatives, social financing, and platform business models. Upon discussing how these latter approaches could potentially facilitate alternative sociotechnical pathways in cellular agriculture, we reflect upon the broader implications of this work with respect to the 4th Industrial Revolution and the enduring need for public policy reform.

scholarly journals IOT Impacts and Digital Transformation at Listed Vietnam Banks

Webology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (Special Issue 04) ◽  
pp. 773-784
Author(s):  
Dr. Nguyen Thi Hang ◽  
Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy ◽  
Dinh Thi Hien ◽  
Vu Quynh Nam
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Customer Engagement ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
New Business

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 based on digital technologies has led to an unprecedented change in the socio-economic model. Therefore, countries in general and Vietnam are all aiming to develop the digital economy. The concept of digital transformation of the economy or development of the digital economy in Vietnam focuses on the following basic contents: 1) Developing digital businesses; 2) Digital transformation for traditional businesses (towards digitally integrated products; transforming business models on digital platforms; changing production processes based on digital data, automation, virtualization, etc.); 3) Development of digital finance; 4) E-commerce development. Therefore, digital transformation becomes an inevitable and objective trend, supporting banks to overcome challenges, create competitive advantages, and actively adapt to the context of digital transformation. In the context of the development of the digital economy in Vietnam is taking place strongly across industries and fields, requiring banks in Vietnam to have a transformation to a new business model. In this business model, it is necessary to integrate technology in operations and digitize business processes in the direction of automation and intelligence. Thereby, banks can perform activities of providing products and services on digital platforms, effectively exploiting data, thereby increasing experiences in business resolution and customer engagement. Besides, Internet of things has connect everything through internet, therefore risk management information system of Vietnam banks is also affected by IoTs and reliable internet data can help to enhance better RMIS in commercial banks. Generally, we want to emphasize effects of IoTs and digital transformation in banks operation and new business models.

scholarly journals Role of Digital Economy in Realization of Inclusive Growth

2020 ◽  
pp. 277-286
Author(s):  
Habib Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Inclusive Growth ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Digital Revolution

Since the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR) digital technology has been playing an important role in economic growth leading to a continuous decline in the level of extreme poverty across the globe. while there are opportunities of using the digital revolution to promote inclusive growth, there are risks that technology could further escalate the worsening income distribution, and mitigating such risks will require establishing a sound digital infrastructure and providing digital education to all members of the society. The research adopts a descriptive approach to deal with the prospect of digital technology in promoting inclusive growth and to scrutinize the features of the digital economy, while it deploys a critical approach to discuss the notion of inclusive growth and the ways in which the digital economy may contribute to it. Through the inductive and deductive approaches, the research analyses briefly the Islamic perspectives on the digital economy, prior to concluding with the results such as the benefits of economic growth during the past century were mostly in favor of the higher income groups due to the way in which they were distributed among the factors of production and digital economy can potentially contribute to inclusive growth by breaking down some of the constraints in the traditional production process and by offering digital platforms for sharing economies and earning an income. The research proposes to carry out further inclusive innovations in the digital economy for proposing business models that may serve economically and socially excluded. Keywords; Inclusive Growth, Digital Economy, Fintech.

scholarly journals Regional Drivers of Digital Ecosystems’ Development of Industrial Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Anastasia Nikitaeva ◽  
◽  
Roman Serdyukov ◽  
Margarita Fedosova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Evolutionary Stage ◽  
The South ◽  
Digital Ecosystems ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Digital Ecosystem

The key characteristics and technologies of the new industrial revolution create conditions for the emergence of new business models that implement not individual, but ecosystem-based development of industrial enterprises based on common digital platforms. Digital ecosystems of industrial enterprises are considered in the study as interdependent groups of economic actors that share digital platforms to achieve mutually beneficial goals. These business models characterize a new evolutionary stage in the development of industrial enterprises and reflect the transition from a linear to a multidimensional and distributed value chain involving partners, suppliers, consumers, and other participants. The paper highlights the effects generated as a result of the appearance of ecosystems in the industrial sphere for ecosystem centers (platform owners), participants, consumers of digital industrial ecosystems, as well as the regional economy. Based on the empirical analysis of the activities of industrial enterprises in the regions of the South of Russia, the “traces” of the digital ecosystem were found in several southern industrial enterprises. The study showed that among the enterprises under analysis, only two have a business model built following the principles of the ecosystem approach, and most industrial structures in the South of Russia tried combining technology and business processes into a joint information loop. It is proved that at present moment the company’s information circuit should cover not only employees of departments, equipment, and data but also customers, suppliers, and partners, combining them into a joint network, due to which the business becomes more adaptive. Taking this fact into consideration, a set of drivers and conditions for the ecosystem digital transformation of industrial enterprises is identified. Special attention is paid to regional drivers that allow developing a favorable environment for the emergence of digital ecosystems. It is shown that the core role in the number of activators of the formation of ecosystems in the industrial sphere is played by economic motivation.

An old friend is better than two new ones? Approaches to market research in the context of digital transformation for the antitrust laws enforcement

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Shastitko ◽  
O. A. Markova
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Market Definition ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Type Ii Errors

Digital transformation has led to changes in business models of traditional players in the existing markets. What is more, new entrants and new markets appeared, in particular platforms and multisided markets. The emergence and rapid development of platforms are caused primarily by the existence of so called indirect network externalities. Regarding to this, a question arises of whether the existing instruments of competition law enforcement and market analysis are still relevant when analyzing markets with digital platforms? This paper aims at discussing advantages and disadvantages of using various tools to define markets with platforms. In particular, we define the features of the SSNIP test when being applyed to markets with platforms. Furthermore, we analyze adjustment in tests for platform market definition in terms of possible type I and type II errors. All in all, it turns out that to reduce the likelihood of type I and type II errors while applying market definition technique to markets with platforms one should consider the type of platform analyzed: transaction platforms without pass-through and non-transaction matching platforms should be tackled as players in a multisided market, whereas non-transaction platforms should be analyzed as players in several interrelated markets. However, if the platform is allowed to adjust prices, there emerges additional challenge that the regulator and companies may manipulate the results of SSNIP test by applying different models of competition.

MANAGING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION IN TEACHING AT HIGH SCHOOLS IN VINH YEN CITY, VINH PHUC PROVINCE MEETS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Kha Thap
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Surface Strength ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Information Technology Application

Entering the XXI century and especially in the period of the industrial revolution has entered the era of IT with the knowledge economy in the trend of globalization. The 4.0 mankind development of ICT, especially the Internet has had a strong impact and make changes to all activities profound social life of every country in the world. Through surveys in six high School, interviewed 85 managers and teachers on the status of the management of information technology application in teaching, author of the article used the SWOT method to distribute surface strength, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges from which to export 7 management measures consistent with reality. 7 measures have been conducting trials and the results showed that 07 measures of necessary and feasible.

EAST INDIAN AND OTHER DOCKS IN LONDON: IMPERIAL ARCHITECTURE, COLONIAL TRADE AND POSTCOLONIAL MEMORY

2020 ◽  
pp. 190-205
Author(s):  
S. E. Sidorova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
East Indian ◽  
Architectural Representation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Postcolonial History ◽  
The City

The article concentrates on the colonial and postcolonial history, architecture and topography of the southeastern areas of London, where on both banks of the River Thames in the 18th–20th centuries there were located the docks, which became an architectural and engineering response to the rapidly developing trade of England with territories in the Western and Eastern hemispheres of the world. Constructions for various purposes — pools for loading, unloading and repairing ships, piers, shipyards, office and warehouse premises, sites equipped with forges, carpenter’s workshops, shops, canteens, hotels — have radically changed the bank line of the Thames and appearance of the British capital, which has acquired the status of the center of a huge empire. Docks, which by the beginning of the 20th century, occupied an area of 21 hectares, were the seamy side of an imperial-colonial enterprise, a space of hard and routine work that had a specific architectural representation. It was a necessary part of the city intended for the exchange of goods, where the usual ideas about the beauty gave way to considerations of safety, functionality and economy. Not distinguished by architectural grace, chaotically built up, dirty, smoky and fetid, the area was one of the most significant symbols of England during the industrial revolution and colonial rule. The visual image of this greatness was strikingly different from the architectural samples of previous eras, forcing contemporaries to get used to the new industrial aesthetics. Having disappeared in the second half of the 20th century from the city map, they continue to retain a special place in the mental landscape of the city and the historical memory of the townspeople, which is reflected in the chain of museums located in this area that tell the history of English navigation, England’s participation in geographical discoveries, the stages of conquering the world, creating an empire and ways to acquire the wealth of the nation.

Industry 4.0 initiatives in EU countries: experience for Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Nataliya Ryvak ◽  
Anna Kernytska
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Interconnected System ◽  
Industrial Transformation ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
European Experience ◽  
High Level

In this paper, digital technologies development was analyzed as the basis for the so-called “fourth industrial revolution” with the potential for the qualitative transformation of the Ukrainian economy based on EU countries’ experience. Industry 4.0 is a new control chain over the entire chain of creating value throughout the product lifecycle. When developing an economic policy, it is important to pay attention to Industry 4.0. It increases productivity, produces new, better, and individualized products, and implements new business models based on “undermining” innovations. A comparative analysis of national initiatives I4.0 with their characteristics according to the main dimensions, including funding, focus, direction, was conducted. Particular attention was paid to considering deterrents to the successful implementation and enforcement of the I4.0 initiative in European countries. The factors of successful implementation of I4.0 initiatives in the EU countries were analyzed. Drawing on the analysis of the European experience of digital transformations in industry and national economies in general, the necessity of critical focus of such transformations in Ukraine was highlighted, and the need for state support of industrial transformation was substantiated. The emphasis was placed on the cooperation development between stakeholders within the implementation of Industry 4.0 – it is necessary to create national and regional 4.0 platforms, following the example of EU countries, which would bring together government institutions, businesses, and academics. The successful positioning of the Ukrainian modern industrial complex on the world markets depends on the high level of the interconnected system providing factors that characterize its development process. Considering the influence of a list of inhibiting factors on implementing the country’s industry accelerated development, a set of measures needed to transform Ukraine’s industry based on European experience was substantiated.

Emerging Industrial Revolution: Symbiosis of Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy: The Role of Universities

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seeram Ramakrishna ◽  
Alfred Ngowi ◽  
Henk De Jager ◽  
Bankole O. Awuzie
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Jobs

Growing consumerism and population worldwide raises concerns about society’s sustainability aspirations. This has led to calls for concerted efforts to shift from the linear economy to a circular economy (CE), which are gaining momentum globally. CE approaches lead to a zero-waste scenario of economic growth and sustainable development. These approaches are based on semi-scientific and empirical concepts with technologies enabling 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle) and 6Rs (reuse, recycle, redesign, remanufacture, reduce, recover). Studies estimate that the transition to a CE would save the world in excess of a trillion dollars annually while creating new jobs, business opportunities and economic growth. The emerging industrial revolution will enhance the symbiotic pursuit of new technologies and CE to transform extant production systems and business models for sustainability. This article examines the trends, availability and readiness of fourth industrial revolution (4IR or industry 4.0) technologies (for example, Internet of Things [IoT], artificial intelligence [AI] and nanotechnology) to support and promote CE transitions within the higher education institutional context. Furthermore, it elucidates the role of universities as living laboratories for experimenting the utility of industry 4.0 technologies in driving the shift towards CE futures. The article concludes that universities should play a pivotal role in engendering CE transitions.

scholarly journals Unconventional Materials Processing Using Spark Plasma Sintering

Ceramics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-40
Author(s):  
Ambreen Nisar ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Benjamin Boesl ◽  
Arvind Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Gas Quenching ◽  
Spark Plasma

Spark plasma sintering (SPS) has gained recognition in the last 20 years for its rapid densification of hard-to-sinter conventional and advanced materials, including metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. Herein, we describe the unconventional usages of the SPS technique developed in the field. The potential of various new modifications in the SPS technique, from pressureless to the integration of a novel gas quenching system to extrusion, has led to SPS’ evolution into a completely new manufacturing tool. The SPS technique’s modifications have broadened its usability from merely a densification tool to the fabrication of complex-shaped components, advanced functional materials, functionally gradient materials, interconnected materials, and porous filter materials for real-life applications. The broader application achieved by modification of the SPS technique can provide an alternative to conventional powder metallurgy methods as a scalable manufacturing process. The future challenges and opportunities in this emerging research field have also been identified and presented.

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