scholarly journals A Social-Ecological Framework to Understand Barriers to HIV Clinic Attendance in Nakivale Refugee Settlement in Uganda: a Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelli N. O’Laughlin ◽  
Kelsy Greenwald ◽  
Sarah K. Rahman ◽  
Zikama M. Faustin ◽  
Scholastic Ashaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Model ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Clinic Attendance ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hiv Clinical Care

AbstractThe social-ecological model proposes that efforts to modify health behaviors are influenced by constraints and facilitators at multiple levels. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 47 clients in HIV care and 8 HIV clinic staff to explore how such constraints and facilitators (individual, social environment, physical environment, and policies) affect engaging in HIV clinical care in Nakivale Refugee Settlement in Uganda. Thematic analysis revealed that participants were motivated to attend the HIV clinic because of the perceived quality of services and the belief that antiretroviral therapy improves health. Barriers to clinic attendance included distance, cost, unemployment, and climate. Those that disclosed their status had help in overcoming barriers to HIV care. Nondisclosure and stigma disrupted community support in overcoming these obstacles. Interventions to facilitate safe disclosure, mobilize social support, and provide more flexible HIV services may help overcome barriers to HIV care in this setting.

scholarly journals Level and contributing factors of health data quality and information use in two districts in Northwest Ethiopia: social-ecological perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Binyam Tilahun ◽  
Lemma Derseh ◽  
Asmamaw Atinafu ◽  
Adane Mamuye ◽  
Tesfahun H. Mariam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Information Use ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Social Ecological Model ◽  
Supportive Supervision ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Quality Health

Abstract Background The health management information system has been implemented at all levels of healthcare delivery to ensure quality data production and information use in Ethiopia. Including the capacity-building activities and provision of infrastructure, various efforts have been made to improve the production and use of quality health data though the result is still unsatisfactory. This study aimed to examine the quality of health data and use in Wogera and Tach-Armacheho districts and understand its barriers and facilitators. Methods The study utilized a mixed-method; for the quantitative approach, institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the quality of health data and use by 95 departments in the two districts. The qualitative approach involved 16 in-depth interviewees from Wogera district. A descriptive Phenomenological design was used to explore factors influencing the quality and use of health data. The quantitative data were expressed descriptively with tables, graphs, and percent whereas the qualitative data were analyzed with content analysis guided by the social-ecological model framework. Result The average levels of information use for Wogera and Tach-Armacheho districts were estimated at 29 and 35.9, respectively. The overall average level of accuracy of reports for six different health services in the HCs of Wogera and Tach Armacheho districts were 0.95 and 0.86, respectively. The qualitatively identified factors that influence the production and use of quality health data include valuing data, getting staff training, being a patriotic staff, and getting supportive supervision, were identified from individual-level characteristics; similarly, coaching, supportive supervision, and peer-to-peer learning from relational/interpersonal level characteristics, and organizational culture, incentive, infrastructure establishing accountability, and staff turnover, were identified from organizational level characteristics. Conclusion The quality of data and routine information utilization was low and were influenced by a number of actors presented in and around the health system including individual, interpersonal, and organizational characteristics. Incentive affects data quality and information use directly or indirectly after modifying factors at all levels of the social-ecological model. Therefore, interventions should gear towards addressing multiple social-ecological factors of the health system concomitantly or intervene on incentive which has a multifaceted effect on the outcome.

scholarly journals Achieving Social and Ecological Outcomes in Collaborative Environmental Governance: Good Examples from Swedish Moose Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2329
Author(s):  
Sabrina Dressel ◽  
Annelie Sjölander-Lindqvist ◽  
Maria Johansson ◽  
Göran Ericsson ◽  
Camilla Sandström
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Ecological Context ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Resource Governance ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social

Collaborative governance approaches have been suggested as strategies to handle wicked environmental problems. Evaluations have found promising examples of effective natural resource governance, but also highlighted the importance of social-ecological context and institutional design. The aim of this study was to identify factors that contribute to the achievement of social and ecological sustainability within Swedish moose (Alces alces) management. In 2012, a multi-level collaborative governance regime was implemented to decrease conflicts among stakeholders. We carried out semi-structured interviews with six ‘good examples’ (i.e., Moose Management Groups that showed positive social and ecological outcomes). We found that ‘good examples’ collectively identified existing knowledge gaps and management challenges and used their discretionary power to develop procedural arrangements that are adapted to the social-ecological context, their theory of change, and attributes of local actors. This contributed to the creation of bridging social capital and principled engagement across governance levels. Thus, our results indicate the existence of higher-order social learning as well as a positive feedback from within-level collaboration dynamics to between-level collaboration. Furthermore, our study illustrates the importance of institutional flexibility to utilize the existing knowledge across stakeholder groups and to allow for adaptations based on the social learning process.

scholarly journals Conceptualizing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with opioid use disorder: an application of the social ecological model

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Cowan ◽  
Maria R. Khan ◽  
Siri Shastry ◽  
E. Jennifer Edelman
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Social Ecological Model ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in unparalleled societal disruption with wide ranging effects on individual liberties, the economy, and physical and mental health. While no social strata or population has been spared, the pandemic has posed unique and poorly characterized challenges for individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). Given the pandemic’s broad effects, it is helpful to organize the risks posed to specific populations using theoretical models. These models can guide scientific inquiry, interventions, and public policy. Models also provide a visual image of the interplay of individual-, network-, community-, structural-, and pandemic-level factors that can lead to increased risks of infection and associated morbidity and mortality for individuals and populations. Such models are not unidirectional, in that actions of individuals, networks, communities and structural changes can also affect overall disease incidence and prevalence. In this commentary, we describe how the social ecological model (SEM) may be applied to describe the theoretical effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). This model can provide a necessary framework to systematically guide time-sensitive research and implementation of individual-, community-, and policy-level interventions to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with OUD.

SYMBOLIC STRUGGLE FOR POLICY IMPLEMENTATION OF «ACTIVE AGING» IN THE RUSSIAN SOCIAL AND LABOR SPHERE

2021 ◽  
pp. 1050-1059
Author(s):  
И. Л. Сизова ◽  
Н. С. Орлова
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Work Behavior ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Active Aging ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Aging Policy ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
The Social

В статье рассматриваются социальные процессы, сопровождающие реализацию политики «активного долголетия» в российской социальнотрудовой сфере. В первом разделе статьи кратко представляются основы концепции «активного долголетия» и обсуждаются возможные социальные механизмы ее применения. Особое место здесь отводится анализу социальных прав, которые формируют основу для разных моделей развития общественного благосостояния и качества жизни населения. Во втором разделе на базе парадигмы конструктивизма в социальных науках и теории символической власти П. Бурдьё предлагается авторский вариант изучения структур восприятия и оценивания населением реализованных государственных реформ. В третьем разделе представлены результаты эмпирического анализа серии полуструктурированных интервью с основными субъектами социально-трудовой сферы и текстов обращений граждан в органы государственной власти. В заключение интерпретируется символическая борьба вокруг восприятия политики «активного долголетия» в России. Авторы приходят к выводу о том, что ожидается новый всплеск программ социальной помощи пожилым и рост пассивности в их трудовом поведении. The article examines the social processes accompanying implementation of the policy «active aging» in the Russian social and labor spheres. The basic concepts of «active aging» are briefl y introduced and possible social mechanisms of its application are discussed in the first section of the article. Special importance is given to the analysis of social rights which form the basis for different models of the development of public welfare and the population’s quality of life. In the second section, author’s version of studying the perception and assessment structures by the population of the implemented reforms of the State are proposed on the basis of the paradigm of constructivism in the social sciences and the theory of symbolic power by P. Bourdieu. In the third section the results of an empirical analysis of a set of semi-structured interviews with the main subjects of the social and labor spheres and the texts of citizens’ appeals to government bodies are presented. In conclusion, the symbolic struggle around the perception of the «active aging» policy in Russia is interpreted. The authors conclude that a new surge in social assistance programs for the elderly and an increase in passivity in their work behavior are expected.

Men Who Have Sex With Men and HIV Risk Behavior: Exploring the Influence of Masculinity Within the Social Ecological Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 511-533
Author(s):  
Kenneth C. Hergenrather ◽  
Diona Emmanuel ◽  
Robert J. Zeglin ◽  
David J. Ruda ◽  
Scott D. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Ecological Model ◽  
Hiv Risk Behavior ◽  
Bisexual Men ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sex With Men

In the United States, gay, bisexual men, and men who have sex with men (MSM) represent 86% of new HIV infections among males. Approximately 1 in 7 men with HIV are unaware of their HIV status (CDC, 2017, 2019a, 2020a). To explore influences on MSM HIV risk behavior, the authors performed a systematic review of quantitative studies conducted in the U.S. assessing what is purported as masculinity. From 30 identified studies, significant findings were framed within the Social Ecological Model (SEM) levels (e.g., Individual, Relationship, Community). SEM level themes were applied to create the Masculinity 10, a preliminary 10-item assessment to explore the influence of masculinity on MSM HIV risk behavior. To increase MSM engagement in HIV prevention and treatment, the influences of masculinity (e.g., attitude toward sexual minorities, appearance, emotion, temperament, substance use, sexual activity, social support, intimate relationships, health care) on HIV risk behavior should be further explored.

Explanatory Theories of Intimate Partner Homicide Perpetration: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483802095380
Author(s):  
Laurie M. Graham ◽  
Rebecca J. Macy ◽  
Cynthia F. Rizo ◽  
Sandra L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intimate Partner Homicide ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Social

Theories play an important role in guiding intimate partner homicide (IPH) prevention research and practice. This study is the first systematic review of theories employed to explain why someone might kill their intimate partner. This review used rigorous methods to locate and synthesize literature that described explanatory theories of IPH perpetration. Using set search terms, we systematically searched 15 databases and repositories for theory-focused documents (i.e., theory papers or analyses) published in English from 2003 to 2018. Eighteen documents met these inclusion criteria and identified 22 individual theories that seek to explain why people might kill their intimate partners. These theories fell within four broader theoretical perspectives: feminist, evolutionary, sociological/criminological, and combined. Key tenets and focal populations of these 22 theories were identified and organized into a compendium of explanatory theories of IPH perpetration. Potential strengths and limitations of each of the four perspectives were described. Review findings underscored the likely importance of addressing gender as well as risk and protective factors at all levels of the social ecological model in efforts to understand IPH perpetration. The review findings highlighted the need for both integrated theories and a broader conceptual organizing framework to guide work aimed at IPH perpetration prevention to leverage the strengths of disparate theoretical perspectives. With the goal of informing future research, a preliminary iteration of such a framework is presented.

scholarly journals Higher education as a space for promoting the psychosocial well-being of refugee students

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odette Jack ◽  
Elaine Chase ◽  
Ian Warwick
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Ecological Model ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Refugee Students ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Health Promoting University ◽  
Health And Well Being

Objective: This study aimed to investigate how well a single higher education institution (HEI) was perceived to be meeting the psychosocial support needs of refugee students and to identify possible ways in which the HEI might better promote refugee students’ psychosocial well-being. Design: Adopting an exploratory, focused case study design, the research employed a qualitative interpretive approach utilising three data collection methods: narrative inquiry, Photovoice and key informant interviews. The social ecological model and the health-promoting university approach guided the enquiry and analysis. Setting: A single HEI in London, UK. Results: Refugee student-participants reported stressful and traumatic experiences at different points in their migratory experience. Participants were motivated by being involved in education but identified barriers to seeking institutional support to improve their health and well-being. Student-participants and staff identified ways in which support for refugee student well-being could be improved. Conclusion: Refugee students were found to have specific health and well-being support needs which were not met due to a range of organisational constraints. The social ecological model and the health-promoting university offer frameworks for HEIs to respond better to the diverse health and well-being needs of students.

‘There is no sincerer love than the love of food’ (George Bernard Shaw, 1903): The meaning of food and its uses in prison subculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomer Einat ◽  
Moran Davidian
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Maximum Security ◽  
Maximum Security Prison ◽  
The Social ◽  
Bernard Shaw

This study examines the ways in which the prison service handles food and analyses the uses and meanings of food in prison subculture. Using semi-structured interviews and content analysis, data were collected and analysed from 20 ex-prisoners who were incarcerated in maximum-security prison facilities for a period of three years or more. Our main findings are that, according to the interviewees’ testimonies, (a) the Israel Prison Service (IPS) makes manipulative and abusive use of food in order to perpetuate its power; and (b) food serves as a means to determine the relationship between prisoners and staff, govern social status or rejection in the prison subculture, or pass the time. We have four main conclusions. First, the IPS nutrition policy differentiates and discriminates among prisoners and clearly violates the basic human rights of prisoners, thus suggesting an abuse of power. Second, the IPS’s use of food as a tool for punishing or rewarding introduces and perpetuates inequalities and encourages the illegal prison trade in food and food products. Third, cooking in prison, especially in light of its illegality, constitutes a symbolic expression of resistance to the institution and a meaningful way of coping with boredom. Lastly, food and its possession in prison serve as very powerful tools for constructing and perpetuating exploitation and unequal power relations among prisoners. Although the study suffers from two limitations – the validity of the adolescents’ responses and the small sample size – its findings lead us to propose that an improvement in the food products that are accessible to prisoners and permission to cook in their cells are inexpensive and legitimate means of bettering both the prisoners’ quality of life and the social atmosphere in prison.

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