scholarly journals Socioeconomic Deprivation and Dropout from Contemporary Psychological Intervention for Common Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Firth ◽  
Michael Barkham ◽  
Jaime Delgadillo ◽  
Kai Allery ◽  
Jonathan Woodward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Socioeconomic Deprivation ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Narrative Synthesis ◽  
English Language Journal ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour

AbstractDropout during psychological intervention is a significant problem. Previous evidence for associations with socioeconomic deprivation is mixed. This study aimed to review the evidence for associations between deprivation and dropout from contemporary adult psychological interventions for common mental disorders (CMDs). Systematic review, narrative synthesis and random effects meta-analysis of peer-reviewed English language journal articles published June 2010–June 2020 was conducted. Data sources included medline, PsycInfo, databases indexed by web of science, ProQuest social science database and sociology collection, and the Cochrane Library, supplemented by forward and backward citation searching. Five studies were eligible for inclusion (mean N = 170, 68% female, 60% White Caucasian, 32% dropout rate, predominantly cognitive behaviour therapy/cognitive processing therapy). Narrative synthesis indicated an overall non-significant effect of deprivation on dropout. Meta-analytic significance of controlled (k = 3) and uncontrolled (k = 4) effects depended on the measure of deprivation included for those studies using more than one measure (controlled OR 1.21–1.32, p = 0.019–0.172, uncontrolled OR 1.28–1.76, p = 0.024–0.423). The low number of included studies meant sub-group comparisons were limited, despite some tentative indications of potential differential effects. A comparator set of excluded studies showed similar uncertainty. There was limited evidence that did not overall suggest a clear significant effect of deprivation on dropout from contemporary individual CMD interventions. However, more contemporary research is needed, as effects may vary according to clinical and methodological factors, and for dropout versus non-initiation.

scholarly journals Why are psychotic experiences associated with self-injurious thoughts and behaviours? A systematic review and critical appraisal of potential confounding and mediating factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1410-1426 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hielscher ◽  
J. E. DeVylder ◽  
S. Saha ◽  
M. Connell ◽  
J. G. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Mediating Factors ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

AbstractPsychotic experiences (PEs), including hallucination- and delusion-like experiences, are robustly associated with self-injurious thoughts and behaviours (SITB) in the general population. However, it remains unclear as to why there is an association. The purpose of this systematic review was to elucidate the role of other factors that influence the association between PEs and SITB and, in doing so, highlight potential mechanisms underlying the relationship. A search of electronic international databases was undertaken, including PubMed, PsycINFO and EMBASE, and eligible studies were grouped according to seven confounder categories: sociodemographics, mental disorders, alcohol and substance use, environmental, psychological, intervention and family history/genetic factors. The systematic search strategy identified 41 publications reporting on 1 39 427 participants from 16 different countries. In the majority of studies, where adjustment for other variables occurred, the association between PEs and SITB persisted, suggesting PEs have an independent role. Common mental disorders, psychological distress and negative environmental exposures explained a substantial amount of the variance and therefore need to be considered as potential underlying mechanisms. There was high variability in the variables adjusted for in these studies, and so the question still remains as to whether the association between PEs and self-harm/suicidality can be attributed (fully or in part) to confounding and mediating factors or directly causal mechanisms. Regardless of causality, the now extensive literature reporting an association between these two clinical phenomena supports the broad usefulness of PEs as an indicator of risk for SITB.

Validated Tools to Identify Common Mental Disorders in the Perinatal Period: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Rose Sambrook Smith ◽  
Leo Cairns ◽  
Lucienne Pullen ◽  
Charles Opondo ◽  
Gracia Fellmeth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Perinatal Period

scholarly journals Optimising implementation strategies of the first scaleup of a primary care psychological intervention for common mental disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa: a mixed methods study protocol for the optimised Friendship Bench (OptFB)

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e045481
Author(s):  
Ruth Verhey ◽  
Charmaine Chitiyo ◽  
Sandra Ngonidzashe Mboweni ◽  
Ephraim Chiriseri ◽  
Dixon Chibanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionCommon mental disorders (CMDs) are a leading cause of disability globally. CMDs are highly prevalent in Zimbabwe and have been addressed by an evidence-based, task-shifting psychological intervention called the Friendship Bench (FB). The task-shifted FB programme guides clients through problem-solving therapy. It was scaled up across 36 implementation sites in Zimbabwe in 2016.Methods and analysisThis study will employ a mixed-method framework. It aims to: (1) use quantitative survey methodologies organised around the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption and Implementation and Maintenance evaluation framework to assess the current scaleup of the FB intervention and classify 36 clinics according to levels of performance; (2) use qualitative focus group discussions and semistructured interviews organised around the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to analyse determinants of implementation success, as well as elucidate heterogeneity in implementation strategies through comparing high-performing and low-performing clinics; and (3) use the results from aims 1 and 2 to develop strategies to optimise the Friendship Bench intervention and apply this model in a cluster randomised controlled trial to evaluate potential improvements among low-performing clinics. The trial will be registered with the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (www.pactr.org). The planned randomised controlled trial for the third research aim will be registered after completing aims one and two because the intervention is dependent on knowledge generated during these phases.Ethics and disseminationThe research protocol received full authorisation from the Medical Research Council of Zimbabwe (MRCZ A/242). It is anticipated that changes in data collection tools and consent forms will take place at all three phases of the study and approval from MRCZ will be sought. All interview partners will be asked for informed consent. The research team will prioritise open-access publications to disseminate research results.

Prevalence of PTSD and common mental disorders amongst ambulance personnel: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 897-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Petrie ◽  
Josie Milligan-Saville ◽  
Aimée Gayed ◽  
Mark Deady ◽  
Andrea Phelps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ambulance Personnel

scholarly journals Protocol for a Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Provider-targeted Interventions to Improve Opioid Prescribing in Primary Care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallavi Prathivadi ◽  
Natalie Connell ◽  
Louisa Picco ◽  
Karleen F Giannitrapani ◽  
Hong-nei Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Narrative Synthesis ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Opioid Prescribing ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background: Improving primary care opioid prescribing is a public health priority in many western nations. Governments, policymakers and key stakeholders are intervening on multiple levels to address patient, prescriber and systems factors contributing to opioid over-prescription in primary care. Many opioid prescribing interventions specifically target primary care providers (PCPs); however, the overall effectiveness of these interventions is not known. Identifying effective components of PCP-targeted behaviour change interventions may help inform scalability and translation of prescribing interventions across countries and varying primary healthcare settings. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the effectiveness of provider-targeted interventions to improve opioid prescribing in primary care. This protocol reports the methods of the proposed narrative synthesis review that will be guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Methods: The study will follow Cochrane methods for conducting a narrative synthesis. Reporting is compliant with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) protocols. The review will conduct searches in PubMed, EMBASE, PsychInfo, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library databases for studies published in the English language from 2010 onwards. Reference lists of accepted articles will be also screened for additional studies meeting inclusion. Any opioid prescribing behaviour will be measured as an outcome. Intervention components will be mapped to domains of the TDF. No geographic limits will be applied. All stages of screening and data extraction will involve a dual review with gold standard adjudication. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool will be used to evaluate quality and risk. Discussion: This review is being conducted in strict adherence to Cochrane principles. The protocol was submitted for registration to Prospero prior to publication for transparency and to avoid duplication of research. Formal ethics approval is not required for this research. The findings of this review will inform the delivery and implementation of PCP targeted opioid prescribing interventions. Findings will be disseminated to a wide range of stakeholders involved in quality improvement, prescribing interventions, education and training; professional groups, policymakers, researchers and PCPs.Systematic review registration: Submitted to Prospero 22 December 2020; pending registration

scholarly journals Neuropsychological evaluations associated with workplace accidents: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
Carlos Antonio Vargas-María
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cognitive Profile ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Narrative Synthesis ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Workplace Accidents ◽  
Neuropsychological Evaluations

Most occupational accidents are evidenced by a loss of worker control over the procedures they carry out. Objective: To establish the neuropsychological tests used to assess the cognitive profile of workers as a measure to prevent workplace accidents. Method: An advanced and manual systematic search of databases (PubMed / MedLine, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library) was performed to evaluate the neuropsychological tests used in work settings. Results: The systematic review yielded 1777 articles, of which 150 were pre-selected according to what was reported in the abstract and 57 validated for complete reading. 21 articles were used for the narrative synthesis with a sample of two thousand eight hundred and fifty-four (2,854) subjects; and a range of 18 to 60 years. Conclusion: The limited number of investigations that establish the neuropsychological profiles associated with occupational accidents are evident.

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