Evaluation of the allelopathic effects of leachate from an invasive species (Wedelia triobata) on its own growth and performance and those of a native congener (W. chinensis)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saif Ullah ◽  
Jianfan Sun ◽  
Susan Rutherford ◽  
Ikram Ullah ◽  
Qaiser Javed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
And Performance

The combined treatments of Canada goldenrod leaf extracts and cadmium pollution confer an inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling development of lettuce

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congyan Wang ◽  
Kun Jiang ◽  
Bingde Wu ◽  
Jiawei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Combined Treatments ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

Increasing levels of heavy metals are released into ecosystems. The influence of heavy metal pollution on successful invasive species has raised considerable interest, particularly regarding potential allelopathic effects on seed germination and seedling development of native species. Adding heavy metals may alter or even enhance such allelopathic effects of invasive species. The aim of the present study was to address the combined treatments of the invasive species Canada goldenrod (Solidago canadensis L.) leaf extracts and cadmium (Cd) pollution on seed germination and seedling development of the homologous native species lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Results showed that the combined treatments of Canada goldenrod leaf extracts and Cd pollution significantly decreased seed germination and seedling development of lettuce compared with the control. In addition, the indices of allelopathic effects for all seed germination and seedling development indices of lettuce were less than zero under the combined treatments of high concentration of Canada goldenrod leaf extracts and Cd pollution (regardless of concentration). Thus, the combined treatments of high concentration of Canada goldenrod leaf extracts and Cd pollution pose an inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling development of lettuce. Further, the combined treatments of high concentration of Canada goldenrod leaf extracts and Cd pollution (regardless of concentration) cause more toxic effects than the combined treatments of low concentration of Canada goldenrod leaf extracts and Cd pollution (regardless of concentration) on all seed germination and seedling development indices of lettuce. Thus, the inhibitory effects of Canada goldenrod on the seed germination and seedling development of co-occurring native species may be intensified at heavy invasion degrees under increased heavy metal pollution. Subsequently, the competitiveness and fitness of native species may be notably decreased via the reduced seed germination and seedling development and then the notorious invader can establish progressively-growing populations in the colonised ecosystems.

Solidago canadensis (Canadian goldenrod).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Popay ◽  
Chris Parker
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Solidago Canadensis ◽  
Mail Order ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

Abstract S. canadensis is an erect rhizomatous perennial plant native to North America which has spread throughout a number of European countries after its introduction as an ornamental. Moron et al. (2009) say that this species and the closely related species, S. gigantea have been among the most successful invasive species in Europe. It continues to be available from mail-order catalogues and websites of commercial nurseries and botanical gardens and as such further introduction of this species are likely. It is an undesirable invader on account of its large rhizomes, vigorous growth and allelopathic effects which lead to gross changes in the native vegetation and fauna. It is easily controlled by cultivation but difficult to control in natural areas due to its long persistence.

Allelopathic disruptions of biotic interactions due to non-native plants.

2020 ◽  
pp. 270-280
Author(s):  
Lauren M. Smith-Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Resident Species ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Native Invasive

Abstract Allelopathy, or the process by which plants influence the growth and performance of their neighbours through the release of chemicals, may play a key role in mediating the impacts of non-native invasive species on their neighbours. The Novel Weapons Hypothesis purports that non-native invasive species are in part successful because they produce harmful allelochemicals to which resident species are particularly susceptible because residents lack a shared evolutionary history with the invader. While allelopathic non-native invaders may reduce the growth and performance of neighbours through direct phytotoxicity, they may more often exert negative impacts through disruption of biotic interactions among resident species. Allelopathy by non-native plants may disrupt mutualisms between resident plants and microbes, plant-herbivore interactions or existing competitive and facilitative interactions among resident plants. For example, several non-native plants are known to disrupt the mutualism between resident plants and mycorrhizal fungi, reducing resident plant fitness to the benefit of the invader. Allelopathic non-natives may also disrupt interactions among resident plants and their herbivores when allelochemicals also influence herbivore behaviour or fitness. Alternatively, biotic interactions can also be protective for resident species, which may be less susceptible to the impacts of non-native species when their mutualisms are intact. As we advance our understanding of allelopathy and its role in mediating the impacts of invasive plant species, we may gain new insights by viewing invasions within a network context rather than focusing on pairwise interactions.

scholarly journals Phytotoxic activity of compounds from Moutabea guianensis aubl. on Amazonian invasive species

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Haroldo Da Silva Ripardo Filho ◽  
Luidi C. Pacheco ◽  
Edinaldo S. Andrade ◽  
Williams Da S. Ribeiro ◽  
Giselle M. S. P. Guilhon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Phytotoxic Activity ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Methyl Caffeate

This study aimed establish the variations in the phytotoxic activity of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Moutabea guianensis, and methyl caffeate and scopoletin isolated from the ethyl acetate extract, variyng the concentration and the receptor species. Phytotoxic activity bioassays of germination (at 25 °C and 12 hours of photoperiod) and development of radicle and hypocotyl (25 °C and 24 hours of photoperiod) were developed. The seed germination of Mimosa pudica was sensitive to the roots hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts at 1% (w/v), with inhibition potentials in 92%, 100% and 100%, respectively. Comparative analysis on the phytotoxic activity of the tested compounds revealed that scopoletin showed a higher inhibition potential on the seed germination bioassay against Mimosa pudica. Senna obtusifolia was not sensitive to the tested compounds. Methyl caffeate showed the highest potential to inhibit the development of radicle and hypocotyls, and the intensity of the allelopathic effects varied with the concentrations.

Factors contributing invasion of Alien Invasive Species prosopis juliflora in Bundala National Park in Sri Lanka

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
DISNA RATNASEKERAh
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
National Park ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Prosopis Juliflora ◽  
Alien Invasive Species ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Ramsar Convention ◽  
Seed Dispersion ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

Bundala National Park (BNP) is a thorny shrub forest with a total extent of 6210 ha, consist of 13 habitat types; seven terrestrial types and six wetland types. Because of its precious biodiversity, Ramsar Convention considered the park as the first Ramsar site in Sri Lanka declared in 1990, and a Man and Biosphere reserve declared by UNESCO in 2005. Considering the threats, which have BNP faced, spreading of alien invasive species inside the park is considered as the most serious. Among them, Prosopis juliflorais considered as the most dangerous which has almost covered over 60% of the entire park. The study was conducted to evaluate the factors contributing to invasion of invasive Prosopis juliflora in Bundala National Park by understanding the factors enhancing invasiveness and suppressing native vegetation, allelopathic effects and mode of dispersion of P. juliflora. Our results strongly inferred that spreading of invasive P. juliflora has been imposed a significant ecological damage by suppressing native vegetation. The environmental and soil factors (salinity) enhance the P. juliflora growth while low sunlight and salinity are key external factors suppressing native vegetation in BNP. In addition, P. juliflora has allelopathic effects on native vegetation but impact is species dependent. Asian elephants and other ruminants fed on P. juliflora have great impact on P. juliflora seed dispersion throughout the BNP. The saline soil and high temperature regimes with other microclimatic conditions enhance the germination of dispersed P. juliflora seeds. Therefore, above factors should be taken into consideration for implementing effective management programs of P. juliflora.

Allelopathic disruptions of biotic interactions due to non-native plants.

2020 ◽  
pp. 270-280
Author(s):  
Lauren M. Smith-Ramesh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Resident Species ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Native Invasive

Allelopathy, or the process by which plants influence the growth and performance of their neighbours through the release of chemicals, may play a key role in mediating the impacts of non-native invasive species on their neighbours. The Novel Weapons Hypothesis purports that non-native invasive species are in part successful because they produce harmful allelochemicals to which resident species are particularly susceptible because residents lack a shared evolutionary history with the invader. While allelopathic non-native invaders may reduce the growth and performance of neighbours through direct phytotoxicity, they may more often exert negative impacts through disruption of biotic interactions among resident species. Allelopathy by non-native plants may disrupt mutualisms between resident plants and microbes, plant-herbivore interactions or existing competitive and facilitative interactions among resident plants. For example, several non-native plants are known to disrupt the mutualism between resident plants and mycorrhizal fungi, reducing resident plant fitness to the benefit of the invader. Allelopathic non-natives may also disrupt interactions among resident plants and their herbivores when allelochemicals also influence herbivore behaviour or fitness. Alternatively, biotic interactions can also be protective for resident species, which may be less susceptible to the impacts of non-native species when their mutualisms are intact. As we advance our understanding of allelopathy and its role in mediating the impacts of invasive plant species, we may gain new insights by viewing invasions within a network context rather than focusing on pairwise interactions.

The roles of phenotypic plasticity and adaptation in morphology and performance of an invasive species in a novel environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel‐Kate G. Jardeleza ◽  
Jonathan B. Koch ◽  
Ian S. Pearse ◽  
Cameron K. Ghalambor ◽  
Ruth A. Hufbauer
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Novel Environment ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Effects of Aqueous Shoot Extract of Tithonia diversifolia on the Growth of Seedlings of Monodora tenuifolia (Benth.), Dialium guineense (Willd.) and Hildegardia barteri (Mast.) Kosterm

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAMSON OLAJIDE OKE ◽  
Abisola Victoria AWOWOYIN ◽  
Shaid Remi OSENI ◽  
Emmanuel Lekan ADEDIWURA
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Central America ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

The allelopathic effects of fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A.Gray, an invasive species introduced into Africa from North and Central America, on the growth of seedlings of three woody species: Monodora tenuifolia, Dialium guineense and Hildegardia barteri were investigated. The fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversifolia was applied to the established seedlings of the three woody species over a period of ten weeks. The fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversifolia had a significant effect (inhibitory and stimulatory) on growth parameters such as shoot hThe allelopathic effects of fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray, an invasive species introduced into Africa from North and Central America, on the growth of seedlings of three woody species: Monodora tenuifolia, Dialium guineense and Hildegardia barteri were investigated. The fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversifolia was applied to the established seedlings of the three woody species over a period of ten weeks. The fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversifolia had a significant effect (inhibitory and stimulatory) on growth parameters such as shoot height, leaf area, number of leaves and chlorophyll content of the three woody species.The study revealed that the fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversofolia have different effects (inhibitory and stimulatory) on the seedlings and the mode of action depends on the associated woody plant species.eight, leaf area, number of leaves and chlorophyll content of the three woody species.The study revealed that the fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversofolia have different effects (inhibitory and stimulatory) on the seedlings and the mode of action depends on the associated woody plant species.

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