High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hemoglobin A1c and breast cancer risk: a nested case–control study from Alberta’s Tomorrow Project cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1057-1068
Author(s):  
Tiffany R. Price ◽  
Christine M. Friedenreich ◽  
Paula J. Robson ◽  
Haocheng Li ◽  
Darren R. Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Case Control ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Circulating high sensitivity C reactive protein concentrations and risk of lung cancer: nested case-control study within Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium

BMJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. k4981 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C Muller ◽  
Tricia L Larose ◽  
Allison Hodge ◽  
Florence Guida ◽  
Arnulf Langhammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Case Control ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objectives To conduct a comprehensive analysis of prospectively measured circulating high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration and risk of lung cancer overall, by smoking status (never, former, and current smokers), and histological sub-type. Design Nested case-control study. Setting 20 population based cohort studies in Asia, Europe, Australia, and the United States. Participants 5299 patients with incident lung cancer, with individually incidence density matched controls. Exposure Circulating hsCRP concentrations in prediagnostic serum or plasma samples. Main outcome measure Incident lung cancer diagnosis. Results A positive association between circulating hsCRP concentration and the risk of lung cancer for current (odds ratio associated with a doubling in hsCRP concentration 1.09, 95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.13) and former smokers (1.09, 1.04 to 1.14) was observed, but not for never smokers (P<0.01 for interaction). This association was strong and consistent across all histological subtypes, except for adenocarcinoma, which was not strongly associated with hsCRP concentration regardless of smoking status (odds ratio for adenocarcinoma overall 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.94 to 1.01). The association between circulating hsCRP concentration and the risk of lung cancer was strongest in the first two years of follow-up for former and current smokers. Including hsCRP concentration in a risk model, in addition to smoking based variables, did not improve risk discrimination overall, but slightly improved discrimination for cancers diagnosed in the first two years of follow-up. Conclusions Former and current smokers with higher circulating hsCRP concentrations had a higher risk of lung cancer overall. Circulating hsCRP concentration was not associated with the risk of lung adenocarcinoma. Circulating hsCRP concentration could be a prediagnostic marker of lung cancer rather than a causal risk factor.

scholarly journals Circulating carotenoids and breast cancer among high-risk individuals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Peng ◽  
Chi Gao ◽  
Donghao Lu ◽  
Bernard A Rosner ◽  
Oana Zeleznik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACT Background Carotenoids represent 1 of few modifiable factors to reduce breast cancer risk. Elucidation of interactions between circulating carotenoids and genetic predispositions or mammographic density (MD) may help inform more effective primary preventive strategies in high-risk populations. Objectives We tested whether women at high risk for breast cancer due to genetic predispositions or high MD would experience meaningful and greater risk reduction from higher circulating levels of carotenoids in a nested case-control study in the Nurses’ Health Studies (NHS and NHSII). Methods This study included 1919 cases and 1695 controls in a nested case-control study in the NHS and NHSII. We assessed both multiplicative and additive interactions. RR reductions and 95% CIs were calculated using unconditional logistic regressions, adjusting for matching factors and breast cancer risk factors. Absolute risk reductions (ARR) were calculated based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results incidence rates. Results We showed that compared with women at low genetic risk or low MD, those with higher genetic risk scores or high MD had greater ARRs for breast cancer as circulating carotenoid levels increase (additive P-interaction = 0.05). Among women with a high polygenic risk score, those in the highest quartile of circulating carotenoids had a significant ARR (28.6%; 95% CI, 14.8–42.1%) compared to those in the lowest quartile of carotenoids. For women with a high percentage MD (≥50%), circulating carotenoids were associated with a 37.1% ARR (95% CI, 21.7–52.1%) when comparing the highest to the lowest quartiles of circulating carotenoids. Conclusions The inverse associations between circulating carotenoids and breast cancer risk appeared to be more pronounced in high-risk women, as defined by germline genetic makeup or MD.

scholarly journals Serum enterolactone concentration is not associated with breast cancer risk in a nested case-control study

2003 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annamari Kilkkinen ◽  
Jarmo Virtamo ◽  
Erkki Vartiainen ◽  
Risto Sankila ◽  
Mikko J. Virtanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study
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