scholarly journals A universal chromosome identification system for maize and wild Zea species

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme T. Braz ◽  
Lívia do Vale Martins ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Patrice S. Albert ◽  
James A. Birchler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Identification System ◽  
Chromosome Identification

scholarly journals A universal chromosome identification system for maize and wild Zea species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme T. Braz ◽  
Lívia do Vale Martins ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Patrice S. Albert ◽  
James A. Birchler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Chromosome Identification ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Eukaryotic Species ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Fish Signal ◽  
Distinct Distribution

AbstractMaize was one of the first eukaryotic species in which individual chromosomes can be identified cytologically, which made maize one of the oldest models for genetics and cytogenetics research. Nevertheless, consistent identification of all 10 chromosomes from different maize lines as well as from wild Zea species remains a challenge. We developed a new technique for maize chromosome identification based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We developed two oligonucleotide-based probes that hybridize to 24 chromosomal regions. Individual maize chromosomes show distinct FISH signal patterns, which allow universal identification of all chromosomes from different Zea species. We developed karyotypes from three Zea mays subspecies and two additional wild Zea species based on individually identified chromosomes. A paracentric inversion was discovered on the long arm of chromosome 4 in Z. nicaraguensis and Z. luxurians based on modifications of the FISH signal patterns. Chromosomes from these two species also showed distinct distribution patterns of terminal knobs compared to other Zea species. These results support that Z. nicaraguensis and Z. luxurians are closely related species.

Oligo-FISH barcode in beans: a new chromosome identification system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda de Oliveira Bustamante ◽  
Thiago Henrique do Nascimento ◽  
Claudio Montenegro ◽  
Sibelle Dias ◽  
Lívia do Vale Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Identification System ◽  
Chromosome Identification

A universal karyotypic system for hexaploid and diploid Avena species brings oat cytogenetics into the genomics era

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxi Jiang ◽  
Chengzhi Jiang ◽  
Weiguang Yuan ◽  
Meijun Zhang ◽  
Zijie Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Chromosome Identification ◽  
Nomenclature System ◽  
Chromosome Translocations ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Group Assignment ◽  
Standard Karyotype

Abstract Background The identification of chromosomes among Avena species have been studied by C-banding and in situ hybridization. However, the complicated results from several cytogenetic nomenclatures for identifying oat chromosomes are often contradictory. A universal karyotyping nomenclature system for precise chromosome identification and comparative evolutionary studies would be essential for genus Avena based on the recently released genome sequences of hexaploid and diploid Avena species. Results Tandem repetitive sequences were predicted and physically located on chromosomal regions of the Avena sativa genomes. Thirteen new oligonucleotide (oligo) probes for sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were designed and then applied for chromosome karyotyping on mitotic metaphase spreads of eleven hexaploid and diploid Avena accessions. We established a high resolution standard karyotype of A. sativa based on the distinct FISH signals of multiple oligo probes. FISH painting with bulked oligos, based on wheat-barley collinear regions, was used to validate the linkage group assignment for individual A. sativa chromosomes. We integrated our new Oligo-FISH based karyotype system with earlier karyotype nomenclatures through sequential C-banding and FISH methods, then subsequently determined the precise breakage points of some chromosome translocations. Conclusion This new universal chromosome identification system will be a powerful tool for describing the genetic diversity, chromosomal rearrangements and evolutionary relationships among Avena species by comparative cytogenetic and genomic approaches.

scholarly journals A universal karyotypic system for hexaploid and diploid Avena species brings oat cytogenetics into the genomics era

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxi Jiang ◽  
Chengzhi Jiang ◽  
Weiguang Yuan ◽  
Meijun Zhang ◽  
Zijie Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Chromosome Identification ◽  
Nomenclature System ◽  
Chromosome Translocations ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Group Assignment ◽  
Standard Karyotype

Abstract Background The identification of chromosomes among Avena species have been studied by C-banding and in situ hybridization. However, the complicated results from several cytogenetic nomenclatures for identifying oat chromosomes are often contradictory. A universal karyotyping nomenclature system for precise chromosome identification and comparative evolutionary studies would be essential for genus Avena based on the recently released genome sequences of hexaploid and diploid Avena species. Results Tandem repetitive sequences were predicted and physically located on chromosomal regions of the released Avena sativa OT3098 genome assembly v1. Eight new oligonucleotide (oligo) probes for sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were designed and then applied for chromosome karyotyping on mitotic metaphase spreads of A. brevis, A. nuda, A. wiestii, A. ventricosa, A. fatua, and A. sativa species. We established a high-resolution standard karyotype of A. sativa based on the distinct FISH signals of multiple oligo probes. FISH painting with bulked oligos, based on wheat-barley collinear regions, was used to validate the linkage group assignment for individual A. sativa chromosomes. We integrated our new Oligo-FISH based karyotype system with earlier karyotype nomenclatures through sequential C-banding and FISH methods, then subsequently determined the precise breakage points of some chromosome translocations in A. sativa. Conclusions This new universal chromosome identification system will be a powerful tool for describing the genetic diversity, chromosomal rearrangements and evolutionary relationships among Avena species by comparative cytogenetic and genomic approaches.

Method for measuring distortions of a speech signal during its transmission over a communication channel to a biometric identification system

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
V. V. Savchenko ◽  
A. V. Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Speech Signal ◽  
Communication Channel ◽  
Speaker Identification ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Identification System ◽  
New Information ◽  
Discrimination Criterion ◽  
A Priori Uncertainty

This paper is devoted to the presence of distortions in a speech signal transmitted over a communication channel to a biometric system during voice-based remote identification. We propose to preliminary correct the frequency spectrum of the received signal based on the pre-distortion principle. Taking into account a priori uncertainty, a new information indicator of speech signal distortions and a method for measuring it in conditions of small samples of observations are proposed. An example of fast practical implementation of the method based on a parametric spectral analysis algorithm is considered. Experimental results of our approach are provided for three different versions of communication channel. It is shown that the usage of the proposed method makes it possible to transform the initially distorted speech signal into compliance on the registered voice template by using acceptable information discrimination criterion. It is demonstrated that our approach may be used in existing biometric systems and technologies of speaker identification.

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