Raising the Alarm: Environmental Factors in the Onset and Maintenance of Chronic (Low-Grade) Inflammation in the Gastrointestinal Tract

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Sandys ◽  
Anje te Velde
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

scholarly journals Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiome in the Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad U. Sohail ◽  
Asmaa Althani ◽  
Haseeb Anwar ◽  
Roberto Rizzi ◽  
Hany E. Marei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis ◽  
Fermentation Profile ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
Gut Fermentation

The incidence of diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing throughout the world. Although the exact cause of the disease is not fully clear, perhaps, genetics, ethnic origin, obesity, age, and lifestyle are considered as few of many contributory factors for the disease pathogenesis. In recent years, the disease progression is particularly linked with functional and taxonomic alterations in the gastrointestinal tract microbiome. A change in microbial diversity, referred as microbial dysbiosis, alters the gut fermentation profile and intestinal wall integrity and causes metabolic endotoxemia, low-grade inflammation, autoimmunity, and other affiliated metabolic disorders. This article aims to summarize the role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Additionally, we summarize gut microbial dysbiosis in preclinical and clinical diabetes cases reported in literature in the recent years.

scholarly journals Environmental factors and life style having an impact on pathogenesis and etiology of Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4629-4635
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Prinka perswani ◽  
Aurangzeb Memon ◽  
Syeda Moazzama Zaidi ◽  
Rajna Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently a public health problem worldwide and a threat to human health and social development. The incidence rate of the disease is steadily increasing. Various genetic and environmental factors have been established as influencing the pathogenesis of this disease. However, the influence of social factors and the natural environment on DM incidence should also be considered. Low-grade inflammation could represent a central point of connection integrating all these potential triggers, being partly responsible for the development of insulin resistance. This paper aims to elaborate on the impact of the natural environment and social factors on DM development, with a special focus on six aspects of the pathogenesis of DM: pollution, radiation, psychology, drink, sleep, and exercise. We identified a two-way relationship between T2DM and social and natural environments. Changes in these environments may lead to low-grade inflammation, which in turn induces or aggravates T2DM and vice versa. Poor lifestyle may lead to increased insulin resistance and promote DM development. Improvements in blood glucose control can be achieved through non-environmental and behavioral interventions.

The Role of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Lymphocytes in Low-Grade Inflammation and Coronary Artery Disease

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 469-P
Author(s):  
MILOS MRAZ ◽  
ANNA CINKAJZLOVA ◽  
ZDENA LACINOVÁ ◽  
JANA KLOUCKOVA ◽  
HELENA KRATOCHVILOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Chronic Low Grade Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes—Activation of the Inflammasomes by Circulating Metabolites

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1726-P
Author(s):  
MARIE MONLUN ◽  
VINCENT RIGALLEAU ◽  
LAURENCE BLANCO ◽  
KAMEL MOHAMMEDI ◽  
PATRICK BLANCO
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

The Inflammation Network in the Pathogenesis of Erectile Dysfunction: Attractive Potential Therapeutic Targets

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (32) ◽  
pp. 3955-3972
Author(s):  
Ecem Kaya-Sezginer ◽  
Serap Gur
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Attractive Potential ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is an evolving health problem in the aging male population. Chronic low-grade inflammation is a critical component of ED pathogenesis and a probable intermediate stage of endothelial dysfunction, especially in metabolic diseases, with the inclusion of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Objective: This review will present an overview of preclinical and clinical data regarding common inflammatory mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of ED associated with metabolic diseases and the effect of antiinflammatory drugs on ED. Methods: A literature search of existing pre-clinical and clinical studies was performed on databases [Pubmed (MEDLINE), Scopus, and Embase] from January 2000 to October 2019. Results: Low-grade inflammation is a possible pathological role in endothelial dysfunction as a consequence of ED and other related metabolic diseases. Increased inflammation and endothelial/prothrombotic markers can be associated with the presence and degree of ED. Pharmacological therapy and modification of lifestyle and risk factors may have a significant role in the recovery of erectile response through reduction of inflammatory marker levels. Conclusion: Inflammation is the least common denominator in the pathology of ED and metabolic disorders. The inflammatory process of ED includes a shift in the complex interactions of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. These data have established that anti-inflammatory agents could be used as a therapeutic opportunity in the prevention and treatment of ED. Further research on inflammation-related mechanisms underlying ED and the effect of therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing inflammation is required for a better understanding of the pathogenesis and successful management of ED.

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