Ontogenetic habitat shifts and vulnerability: lake-outlet-spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) sensitivity to habitat connectivity and hydrologic change

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-399
Author(s):  
Elissa K. Sweeney-Bergen ◽  
Donna Macintyre ◽  
Jonathan W. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Habitat Connectivity ◽  
Lake Outlet ◽  
Hydrologic Change ◽  
Ontogenetic Habitat Shifts

Establishment of Sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) and Chinook (O. tshawytscha) Salmon Runs at Frazer Lake, Kodiak Island, Alaska

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 1265-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Blackett
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Enhancement Technique ◽  
Kodiak Island ◽  
Lake Outlet ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Salmon Fisheries ◽  
History Of

Runs of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) and chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) were established at Frazer Lake, Kodiak Island, Alaska by adult spawner transplants, fry plants, and eyed-egg plants. Falls in the lake outlet formed a barrier to natural ascent of anadromous fish until construction of a fishpass in 1962. Accounts of successful introduction and development of viable and self-sustaining runs of salmon where none previously existed and the lake was inaccessible are scarce in the history of salmon fisheries on the Pacific Coast. The first sockeye returning to Frazer Lake in 1956 were produced from egg plants in 1951. Annual sockeye returns have progressively increased over a 28-yr period reaching record passage of 141 981 in 1978. Sockeye spawning has extended into new areas as returns increased. Spawning area capacity is projected to be sufficient for 365 000 sockeye while rearing area is estimated to be sufficient to support fry production from 400 000 sockeye. Sockeye returns per spawner have averaged 3.2 for six parent years (1966–71) in which returns are complete. A chinook run was created from plants of 160 000 fry over a 4-yr period beginning in 1966. Chinook have returned to spawn in specific sites of fry release above the falls and in the lower river. Key words: salmon introduction, enhancement technique, sockeye, chinook, Frazer Lake, salmon establishment

Smolt-to-AduIt Survival Patterns of Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka): Effects of Smolt Length and Geographic Latitude when Entering the Sea

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffery P. Koenings ◽  
Harold J. Geiger ◽  
James J. Hasbrouck
Keyword(s):  
Nonparametric Regression ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Geographic Latitude ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Lake Outlet ◽  
The Common ◽  
Survival Patterns

Variations in smolt-to-adult survival (SAS) of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) relative to smolt length and age and latitude of the nursery lake outlet were explored for six stocks in Canada, Russia, and Alaska (W. E. Ricker. 1962. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 19: 531–560) and 12 Alaskan populations. SAS values ranged from <1 to 68% for age 1., 2., and 3. smolt populations of 54–200 mm in mean length. The common pattern underlying the SAS to smolt size relationship, determined by nonparametric regression (loess), was nonlinear with functionally distinct zones. SAS of smaller smolts increased (0.3–0.5 (%) SAS∙mm−1) with size, but SAS of smolts >90–100 mm (6–8 g) did not. Variation in SAS was explained by smolt size (30%) and a south to north dine of nursery lakes (21%) indexed by latitude. SAS of about 3 and 13% for threshold-sized age 1. smolts (60–65 mm) from southern and northern nursery lakes were consistent with sockeye biostandards for Canada (4.7%) and Alaska (12%), respectively. The combined effects of latitude and smolt length on SAS resulted in larger smolts at higher (>60°N) latitudes having seven times the SAS of smaller smolts at lower (<55°N) latitudes.

Resumption of anadromy or straying? Origins of Sockeye Salmon Oncorhynchus nerka in the Elwha River

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Quinn ◽  
George R. Pess ◽  
Ben J.G. Sutherland ◽  
Samuel J. Brenkman ◽  
Ruth E. Withler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Elwha River

Alternative Recruitment Models of Adams River Sockeye Salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1551-1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy S. Collie ◽  
Carl J. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Ricker Model ◽  
The Status ◽  
Stock Recruitment ◽  
High Yields

Despite evidence of depensatory interactions among year-classes of Adams River sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), the best management policy is one of equal escapement for all year-classes. We fit alternative models (Ricker model and Larkin model) to 32 yr of stock–recruitment data and checked, using simulation tests, that the significant interaction terms in the Larkin model are not caused by biases in estimating the parameters. We identified a parameter set (Rationalizer model) for which the status quo cyclic escapement policy is optimal, but this set fits the observed data very poorly. Thus it is quite unlikely that the Rationalizer model is correct or that the status quo escapement policy is optimal. Using the fitted stock–recruitment parameters, we simulated the sockeye population under several management policies. The escapement policy optimal under the Ricker model is best overall because of the high yields if it should be correct. If the three stock–recruitment models are equally likely to be correct, the simulations predict that adopting a constant-escapement policy would increase long-term yield 30% over the current policy and that an additional 15% increase in yield could be obtained if the policy were actively adaptive.

Reduced growth in wild juvenile sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka infected with sea lice

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Godwin ◽  
L. M. Dill ◽  
M. Krkošek ◽  
M. H. H. Price ◽  
J. D. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Sea Lice

Validation of daily increments and a marine-entry check in the otoliths of sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka post-smolts

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Freshwater ◽  
M. Trudel ◽  
T. D. Beacham ◽  
C.-E. Neville ◽  
S. Tucker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Daily Increments

Biochemical Studies on Sockeye Salmon During Spawning Migration: XI. The Free Histidine Content of the Tissues

1960 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Wood ◽  
D. W. Duncan ◽  
M. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spawning Migration ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Spawning Grounds ◽  
Biochemical Studies

During the first 250 miles (400 km) of spawning migration of Fraser River sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) the free histidine content of the muscle, alimentary tract, and head+skin+bones+tail decreased to a small fraction of the initial value. A further decrease occurred in the levels of this amino acid in the alimentary tract during the subsequent 415-mile (657-km) migration to the spawning grounds, no change being observed with the other tissues. Comparatively small changes in free histidine were found with heart, spleen, liver, kidney and gonads during migration.

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